Abstract:
:Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials of group B streptococcal (GBS) capsular polysaccharide (CPS)-protein conjugate vaccines in healthy adults have demonstrated their safety and improved immunogenicity compared with uncoupled CPSs. Two recent trials sought to determine (i) whether adsorption of conjugate vaccine to aluminum hydroxide would improve immunogenicity and (ii) whether the CPS-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) response could be boosted by administration of a second dose. Adsorption of GBS type III CPS-tetanus toxoid (III-TT) conjugate vaccine to alum did not improve the immune response to a 12.5-microg dose in healthy adult recipients. Four weeks after vaccination, the geometric mean antibody concentrations (GMCs) for the 15 recipients of III-TT with or without alum were 3.3 and 3.6 microg/ml, respectively. In the second trial, 36 healthy adults vaccinated previously with GBS III-TT conjugate were given a second 12.5-microg dose 21 months later. At 4 weeks after the second dose, the GMCs of type III CPS-specific IgG were similar to those measured 4 weeks after the primary vaccination, suggesting a lack of a booster response. However, 8 (22%) of the 36 participants who had undetectable III CPS-specific IgG (<0.05 microg/ml) before the first dose of III-TT conjugate exhibited a booster response to the second dose, with a fourfold-greater GMC of type III CPS-specific IgG than after the initial immunization. These results suggest that prior natural exposure to type III GBS or a related antigen may be responsible for the brisk IgG response to CPS noted in most adults after vaccination. However, a second dose of GBS III-TT conjugate vaccine may be required for adults whose initial CPS-specific IgG concentrations are very low and would also restore the initial peak-specific III CPS-IgG in responders to previous vaccination.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Paoletti LC,Rench MA,Kasper DL,Molrine D,Ambrosino D,Baker CJdoi
10.1128/IAI.69.11.6696-6701.2001keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-11-01 00:00:00pages
6696-701issue
11eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
69pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::The growth of Eimeria vermiformis within cultured murine fibroblastlike (L-929) or rat epithelial-like (RATEC) cells was inhibited by treatment of the cells with the appropriate recombinant gamma interferon. The effect was apparent as a reduction in both the initial numbers of intracellular sporozoites and, to a much ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.2.580-586.1991
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two Escherichia coli strains (B/M 369 and C-35) belonging to enteropathogenic serogroup O86 were isolated from patients with infantile diarrhea and studied with respect to their cellular adherence properties. Both strains exhibited adherence (Ad+) to HEp-2 and HeLa cell monolayers in vitro and expressed mannose-resist...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.4.1106-1113.1990
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral treponemes are considered to be important in the development and progression of periodontal diseases. We investigated the mechanisms of recognition and activation of human gingival epithelial cells (HGEC) with the oral treponemes Treponema denticola, Treponema vincentii, and Treponema medium and their outer membr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.2.717-725.2003
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sepsis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) trigger the systemic release of both cytokines and catecholamines. Cytokines are known to be capable of eliciting a stress hormone response in vivo. The present study sought insight into the effect of noradrenaline on LPS-induced release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and inte...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.5.2046-2050.1994
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes triggers oxygen-dependent and -independent mechanisms of potentially cidal outcome. Nevertheless, no factor or process has yet been singled out as being borreliacidal. We have studied the B. burgdorferi-killing ability of the myeloperoxidase-H2...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.4.1408-1412.1998
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutation of sarA resulted in a reduced capacity to form a biofilm in six of the eight Staphylococcus aureus strains we tested (UAMS-1, UAMS-601, SA113, SC-01, S6C, and DB). The exceptions were Newman, which formed a poor biofilm under all conditions, and RN6390, which consistently formed a biofilm only after mutation ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.7.4206-4211.2003
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Splenic lymphocytes from cytomegalovirus-infected mice lost their in vitro proliferative responses to cytomegalovirus antigen within 3 h after in vivo treatment with antilymphocyte globulin and prednisolone. The response was inhibited when the agents were administered separately or together, and inhibition persisted t...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli C25 maintained population levels of 10(9) to 10(10) per g of cecum and translocated to 100% of the middle mesenteric lymph nodes in gnotobiotic mice monoassociated with E. coli C25. Intragastric inoculation of these mice with the cecal contents from specific-pathogen-free mice reduced the population l...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protective immunity in mice to the infective third-stage larvae (L3) of Strongyloides stercoralis was shown to be dependent on immunoglobulin M (IgM), complement activation, and granulocytes. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether IgG was also a protective antibody isotype and to define the spec...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.12.6835-6843.2003
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::When type I Candida stellatoidea is plated onto sucrose agar at levels in excess of 10(8) cells, some isolates spontaneously form sucrose-positive colonies. These isolates do not display typical type I phenotypes but instead exhibit phenotypes intermediate between type I C. stellatoidea and C. albicans. Also, this phe...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.5.1762-1771.1991
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) expression on T cells responding to Cryptococcus neoformans and its role in regulating the T-cell response were examined. Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with encapsulated or acapsular C. neoformans we showed that (i) the encapsulated strain...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.3.1508-1514.2001
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detailed structural studies were undertaken on five isolates of bovine rotavirus which showed variability in the migration patterns of their genome segments on electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. The individual genome segments of each isolate were characterized by partial digestion of terminally radiolabeled RNA w...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.36.2.492-497.1982
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heterogeneic autoantibodies against axonal neurofilament proteins of mature mouse neurons grown in vitro were detected by the indirect immunofluorescence technique in 12.7% (9 of 71) of the sera from nonhuman primates infected with kuru, in 14.5% (17 of 117) and 4% (1 of 25), respectively, of the sera from nonhuman pr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.38.1.316-324.1982
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Groups of mice were immunized either subcutaneously or intranasally with purified Brucella melitensis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or with LPS as a noncovalent complex with Neisseria meningitidis group B outer membrane protein (LPS-GBOMP). Control mice were inoculated with sterile saline. Two doses of vaccine were given 4...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00331-06
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of five bacteriological samples from the periodontal pockets of two sisters with localized juvenile periodontitis and their mother with advanced periodontitis was studied. Gram-negative anaerobic rods were predominant in the samples. Bacteroides intermedius and Bacteroides loescheii were the most predominant s...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.45.1.118-121.1984
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice with a null deletion mutation in the gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) receptor gene were used to study the role of IFN-gamma responsiveness during experimental pulmonary cryptococcosis. Cryptococcus neoformans was inoculated intratracheally into mice lacking the IFN-gamma receptor gene (IFN-gammaR-/-) and into contro...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.3.1788-1796.2005
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous report (Y. Ohmori, S. Hanazawa, S. Amano, T. Miyoshi, K. Hirose, and S. Kitano, infect. Immun. 55:947-954, 1987), we showed that human gingival fibroblasts spontaneously produce thymocyte-activating factor (FTAF), which stimulates mitogen-induced thymocyte proliferation. In the present study, we examined...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.56.1.272-274.1988
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the chromosomal segments associated with the virulence of Shigella flexneri and transferred to Escherichia coli K-12 by conjugation has been shown to code for the production of aerobactin and for the synthesis of an iron-regulated 76,000-dalton (76K) outer membrane protein. Analysis of various E. coli K-12-S. f...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.49.1.67-71.1985
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) appears to cause intestinal fluid secretion by activating intestinal particulate guanylate cyclase. Recent studies suggest that chlorpromazine and quinacrine reduce the intestinal secretory response to ST and activation of guanylate cyclase by ST. We have examined the effe...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.35.2.483-488.1982
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-free hemoglobin (Hb) is being developed as an erythrocyte substitute. We have previously demonstrated that cell-free Hb is an endotoxin-binding protein which disaggregates endotoxin and subsequently increases the biological activity of endotoxin in several in vitro assays. Because much of the morbidity and mortal...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.4.1258-1266.1997
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies indicated that inorganic pyrophosphatase of Ascaris suum (AsPPase) plays an important role in larval survival in the host. Here we describe a precise role for AsPPase in larval molting and development and also describe the potential role of recombinant AsPPase (rAsPPase) in protective immunity to A. s...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.4.1995-2004.2005
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complement-containing immune complexes can be presented to phagocytes by human erythrocytes bearing complement receptor 1 (CR1). Although this has long been assumed to be a mechanism by which humans are able to protect themselves from "extracellular" bacteria such as pneumococci, there is little direct evidence. In th...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01263-09
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans infected with the dimorphic fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis develop strong T-lymphocyte responses to WI-1, an immunodominant antigen that has been shown to elicit protective immunity in mice. In the present study, the T-cell epitopes of WI-1 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) restricting elements that display th...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.2.502-510.2000
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocarditis was induced in the rabbit by the placement of a polyethylene catheter in the right heart. The catheter was filled with stable L-phase variants of Staphylococcus aureus to determine if the variant form would colonize the damaged endocardium and produce further tissue injury similar to that produced by the ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.7.5.725-730.1973
更新日期:1973-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The microfilament inhibitors cytochalasins B and D have been traditionally used to indirectly evaluate the requirement for actin in the uptake of invasive bacterial pathogens by nonprofessional phagocytes. Through their effects on microfilaments, both cytochalasins also impart profound alterations in cellular morpholo...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.10.3187-3193.1990
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cohort of 111 children from Bangui, Central African Republic, was surveyed for enteric Campylobacter infections from birth to the age of 2 years; stools were examined biweekly in these children until 6 months of age and at least four times per year thereafter until 2 years of age and after each diarrheal episode. Bl...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.8.2542-2546.1989
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virulent strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are either of a nonmucoid, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-smooth or mucoid, LPS-rough phenotype, and immunity to these different variants is efficiently mediated by antibodies specific to O antigens or mucoid exopolysaccharide (also called alginate), respectively. In addition to O ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.1.21-26.1995
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To analyze the role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in bacterial cerebral infections, we studied cerebral listeriosis in IL-10-deficient (IL-10(-/-)) and wild-type (WT) mice, the latter of which express high levels of IL-10 in both primary and secondary cerebral listeriosis. IL-10(-/-) mice succumbed to primary as well as s...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.7.4561-4571.2001
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial peptides, such as defensins or cathelicidins, are effector substances of the innate immune system and are thought to have antimicrobial properties that contribute to host defense. The evidence that vertebrate antimicrobial peptides contribute to innate immunity in vivo is based on their expression patter...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.11.6084-6089.1999
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adherence of Enterococcus faecalis strains to human T24 cells was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Five highly adhesive strains were identified from 30 strains isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections. No efficiently adhesive strains were found among the 30 strains isolated from t...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00