Abstract:
:A number of studies point at platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity being reduced in alcoholics with a family history of drinking, this being a possible vulnerability marker for alcoholism. To test this hypothesis, we examined a group of recently detoxified alcoholics with high (n = 25) and low genetic loading for alcoholism (n = 28) and a group of healthy controls (n = 21). Clinical assessments were made using the SCID II interview for psychiatric disorders, the Family History Assessment Module and the Semi-Structural Assessment of Genetics in Alcoholism, a questionnaire especially designed for genetic studies. Platelet MAO activity with and without ethanol stimulation and the percentage of MAO activity with ethanol did not differ between groups. The only significant difference was a lower inhibition of MAO activity with ethanol in alcoholics both with and without a family history compared to controls. In patients with antisocial personality traits, platelet MAO activity was also not found to be different from other alcoholics. Our findings question the hypothesis of reduced platelet MAO activity to be a possible vulnerability marker for alcoholism.
journal_name
Eur Addict Resjournal_title
European addiction researchauthors
Soyka M,Bondy B,Benda E,Preuss U,Hegerl U,Möller Hdoi
10.1159/000019011keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-06-01 00:00:00pages
57-63issue
2eissn
1022-6877issn
1421-9891pii
19011journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND/AIM:Heroin dependence is a chronic relapsing disorder characterized by the compulsion to seek and use heroin. Stress and craving are seen as key factors for heroin use. Moreover, altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function has been frequently reported. However, the acute effects of diacetylmor...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000334411
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Therapeutic communities (TCs) are drug-free residential settings, focused on psychosocial rehabilitation. While TCs are considered an effective method, the bulk of the research evidence is from poorly controlled studies. The goal of this study was to evaluate TC effectiveness in terms of abstinence and to de...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000331007
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To analyse correlates of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) use in the general male population. DESIGN:A national household survey. PARTICIPANTS:Individuals aged 15-64 years in Sweden. MEASUREMENTS:AAS use and potential correlates of AAS use, including demographic data, financial situation, physical training, a...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000333037
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Methylphenidate (MPH) has been the most commonly used intravenous (i.v.) substance in Iceland in recent years. In Iceland, MPH is available in 3 forms: immediate-release (IR) tablets (MPH IR, short-acting), sustainable-release (SR) capsules (MPH SR, long-acting) and osmotic-release (OROS) tablets (MPH O...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000446428
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate drug use among secondary schoolchildren aged 14-18 years in the city of Szeged in Hungary in order to observe and describe drug use, smoking and alcohol intake and to find risk factors for these behaviours. METHODS:The questionnaire was concerned with recreational drug use, smoking and drinkin...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000081415
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Engaging in online games has become increasingly important as a part of leisure activity in adolescents and adults. While the majority of people use these games in a healthy way, epidemiological studies show that some develop excessive use and symptoms that are related to those of substance-related addictions. Despite...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000355832
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Buprenorphine has already been registered in 27 European countries for maintenance therapy in opioid-dependent patients. In our office-based prescription study we applied sublingual buprenorphine, initiating the treatment at the addiction clinic with subsequent treatment at the offices of general practitio...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000077698
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, the effectiveness of the treatment program developed by Proyecto Hombre ('Project Mankind') in Asturias, Spain, is evaluated. In a long-term follow-up (range from 73 days to 8 years) with a sample of 249 subjects, the results obtained by subjects completing the treatment (194) were compared with pre-tre...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000049484
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Europe, adolescent substance misuse increased during the 1990s. Ireland has among the highest rates of substance misuse among schoolchildren in Europe. We sought to describe the socio-demographic and drug misuse profile of children presenting to addiction treatment services in Dublin during the 1990s. Of the 9,874 ...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000076116
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alcohol consumption is one of the most important factors for disease and disability in Europe. In clinical trials, nalmefene has resulted in a significant reduction in the number of heavy-drinking days (HDDs) per month and total alcohol consumption (TAC) among alcohol-dependent patients versus placebo. METH...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000362408
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Consumption of natural cannabis (NC) and synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) has been associated with psychotic disorders. We compared the prevalence of use, consumer profiles, and psychosis-inducing potential of NC and SCs in a specific high-risk population. METHODS:This prospective pilot study included 332 patie...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000479554
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To investigate the gender differences in the patterns of cannabis use (CU), namely frequency, times of day, social context and methods and in their association with DSM-IV cannabis dependence. METHODS:A sample of 3,904 students from German universities was recruited via an internet survey. Logistic regressions an...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000333338
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixty-one percent (138/226) of Swiss inpatient and outpatient alcohol treatment programmes responded to a postal survey designed to assess the definition and acceptance of controlled drinking (CD) as a treatment objective, the degree to which a client's severity of dependence and finality of CD as an outcome goal were...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000210041
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To describe and assess trends in the use of hallucinogens and other adjunct drugs over a 5-year period. DESIGN:Repeated-measures cross-sectional survey. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:Annual magazine-based survey targeting people who use drugs in dance contexts. MEASUREMENTS:Lifetime use prevalence (ever used); age o...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000095816
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The associations between maternal smoking and nicotine dependence and patterns of smoking and nicotine dependence in offspring were examined in a large community-based sample of adolescents. Data were derived from baseline and 4-year follow-up assessments of 938 respondents aged 14-17 years at the outset of the Early ...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000070980
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of psychological distress measured by the symptom checklist in alcohol dependent inpatients during treatment and at follow-up. In addition, psychological distress as a predictive variable for abstinence or relapse during a 1-year follow-up was investigated. In a sample ...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000090424
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:In recent years, quality of life (QoL) assessments have proved useful for evaluating and comparing drug treatment programs. To compare QoL of patients maintained on methadone versus slow-release morphine, a prospective, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, cross-over study was conducted. METHODS:Ove...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000113724
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Personality disorders (PD) are related to negative outcome in substance abuse treatment, and in the general population, personality disorders are related to negative outcome in overall functioning. Little is known about the impact of PD on adjustment following substance abuse treatment. METHODS:A cohort of ...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000173006
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of the study was to examine the practicability and implementation efficacy of an alcohol outpatient detoxification model and the concomitant 'motivational' psychotherapeutic approach. METHOD:This was an open prospective study to examine the implementation efficacy, practicability and medical safety ...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000079840
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In 2003, Denmark lowered its tax on spirits, and in 2004, Sweden increased its traveller import quotas. AIM:The aim of the study was to determine whether these two changes increased self-reported alcohol consumption in southern Sweden, which is located near Denmark. METHOD:Data were collected through telep...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000314358
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Little is known about whether heroin-dependent individuals receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) who were discharged involuntarily and against medical advice (DAMA) get benefits before they left. The aims of this 12-month follow-up study were to examine whether the effects of MMT on depressive symptoms, h...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000342309
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This longitudinal study of 600 families concentrates on the influence of parental anti-smoking socialization by examining both (a) the effects of eight indicators of anti-smoking socialization on adolescent smoking and (b) the influence of parental smoking on the effectiveness of their anti-smoking socialization. Robu...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000088580
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:This study evaluated automated techniques including personalized normative feedback and protective behavioral strategies, for brief interventions intended to reduce peak alcohol concentrations in university students. After completing baseline assessment, a total of 1,678 hazardous-drinking consumers were ran...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000381017
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess smoking habit and awareness of smoking as a potential cause of disease among relatives of patients with serious smoking-related disorders. DESIGN AND SETTING:A survey using a face-to-face interview-assisted questionnaire at the Ege University Hospital between October 1998 and March 1999. SUBJECTS:...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000059380
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Evaluation of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) as a screen for identifying sexual and physical assault histories. METHOD:The sensitivity and specificity of the ASI assault items were examined in 146 alcoholic patients with the assault questions of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview posttrauma...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000050740
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The programme of prescribing amphetamines and opiates to drug users in Stockholm carried out from 1965 to 1967 has frequently been referred to in the European drug policy debate. In this article, originally presented at the Conference on Drug Use and Drug Policy in Amsterdam in September 1996, the programme is describ...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000018951
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:To determine whether there is a dose-response relationship between maternal dose of buprenorphine at delivery and neonatal outcomes. METHODS:This retrospective cohort study of 155 maternal-infant dyads exposed to buprenorphine during pregnancy examines the relationship between maternal dose of buprenor...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000441220
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:There is a scarcity of clinical trials on psychological treatments for concurrent borderline personality disorder (BPD) and substance use disorder (SUD). Mentalization-based treatment (MBT) have shown efficacy in several trials on BPD. The aim of the present study was to examine the feasibility and effectiveness o...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000485564
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depression is a common co-morbid disorder in substance use disorder (SUD) patients. Hence, valid instruments are needed to screen for depression in this subpopulation. In this study, the predictive validity of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) for the presence of a depressive disorder was investigated...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000485182
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigates whether antismoking peer pressure and/or nonsmoking peers are protective factors and decrease young adults' likelihood to smoke. An experiment was conducted among 59 daily-smoking young adults aged 16-24 years. The experiment consisted of four conditions. During the session, the confederate and...
journal_title:European addiction research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000330318
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00