The C-terminal domain-phosphorylated IIO form of RNA polymerase II is associated with the transcription repressor NC2 (Dr1/DRAP1) and is required for transcription activation in human nuclear extracts.

abstract：:In autotrophically grown Chlorella cells, glucose induces a hexose transport system but, at the same time, the synthesis of two amino acid transport systems is also induced. Thus, the rates of uptake of glycine, L-alanine, L-proline, and L-serine, all of which compete with each other for entry into the cells, increase...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cho BH,Sauer N,Komor E,Tanner W

更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of Zn2+ on a voltage-dependent, transient potassium current (IA) in acutely dissociated neurons from the suprachiasmatic nucleus was studied with the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. At micromolar concentrations, Zn2+ markedly potentiated IA activated from a holding potential of -60 mV, which is the restin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang RC,Peng YW,Yau KW

更新日期：1993-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A model of protein-ligand binding kinetics, in which slow solvent dynamics results from hydrophobic drying transitions, is investigated. Molecular dynamics simulations show that solvent in the receptor pocket can fluctuate between wet and dry states with lifetimes in each state that are long enough for the extraction ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mondal J,Morrone JA,Berne BJ

更新日期：2013-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Cranial neural crest cells (crNCCs) migrate from the neural tube to the pharyngeal arches (PAs) of the developing embryo and, subsequently, differentiate into bone and connective tissue to form the mandible. Within the PAs, crNCCs respond to local signaling cues to partition into the proximo-distally oriented subdomai...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vincentz JW,Casasnovas JJ,Barnes RM,Que J,Clouthier DE,Wang J,Firulli AB

更新日期：2016-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Aluminum (Al) is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust, but its trivalent ionic form is highly toxic to all organisms at low concentrations. How Al enters cells has not been elucidated in any organisms. Herein, we report a transporter, Nrat1 (Nramp aluminum transporter 1), specific for trivalent Al ion in rice....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xia J,Yamaji N,Kasai T,Ma JF

更新日期：2010-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The microbiota is now recognized as a key influence on the host immune response in the central nervous system (CNS). As such, there has been some progress toward therapies that modulate the microbiota with the aim of limiting immune-mediated demyelination, as occurs in multiple sclerosis. However, remyelination-the re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McMurran CE,Guzman de la Fuente A,Penalva R,Ben Menachem-Zidon O,Dombrowski Y,Falconer J,Gonzalez GA,Zhao C,Krause FN,Young AMH,Griffin JL,Jones CA,Hollins C,Heimesaat MM,Fitzgerald DC,Franklin RJM

更新日期：2019-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The placenta is essential for the success of therian mammalian reproduction. Intense selective pressure has shaped changes in placental anatomy and function during mammalian cladogenesis. Here we challenge the view that the hemochorial placenta is a derived feature in haplorhine primates. Using phylogenetic and statis...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wildman DE,Chen C,Erez O,Grossman LI,Goodman M,Romero R

更新日期：2006-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The high-pressure behavior of amorphous selenium has been investigated with time-resolved diamond anvil cell synchrotron x-ray diffraction and computed microtomography techniques. A two-step dynamic crystallization process is observed in which the monoclinic phase crystallized from the amorphous selenium and gradually...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu H,Wang L,Xiao X,De Carlo F,Feng J,Mao HK,Hemley RJ

更新日期：2008-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydra interstitial stem cells continuously give rise to daughter stem cells as well as precursors for nerve and nematocyte differentiation. Growth of the stem cell population is controlled by the self-renewal probability (Ps): Ps is the fraction of stem cell daughters that remain stem cells in each generation. We have...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： David CN,MacWilliams H

更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human declarative memory involves a systematic organization of information that supports generalizations and inferences from acquired knowledge. This kind of memory depends on the hippocampal region in humans, but the extent to which animals also have declarative memory, and whether inferential expression of memory de...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dusek JA,Eichenbaum H

更新日期：1997-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The growth of colloidal metal nanocrystals typically involves an autocatalytic process, in which the salt precursor adsorbs onto the surface of a growing nanocrystal, followed by chemical reduction to atoms for their incorporation into the nanocrystal. Despite its universal role in the synthesis of colloidal nanocryst...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang TH,Zhou S,Gilroy KD,Figueroa-Cosme L,Lee YH,Wu JM,Xia Y

更新日期：2017-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The midcycle luteinizing hormone (LH) surge triggers several tightly linked ovarian processes, including steroidogenesis, oocyte maturation, and ovulation. We designed studies to determine whether epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated signaling might serve as a common regulator of these activities. Our resu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jamnongjit M,Gill A,Hammes SR

更新日期：2005-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Mesothelin is a differentiation antigen present on the surface of ovarian cancers, mesotheliomas, and several other types of human cancers. Because among normal tissues, mesothelin is present only on mesothelial cells, it represents a good target for antibody-mediated delivery of cytotoxic agents. In the present study...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chowdhury PS,Viner JL,Beers R,Pastan I

更新日期：1998-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A 1H NMR study of the 79-residue globular domain of chicken erythrocyte histone H5 (GH5) is presented. Using a combination of two-dimensional NMR techniques to demonstrate through-bond and through-space (less than 5 A) connectivities, the resonances of GH5 are assigned in a sequential manner. From a qualitative interp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zarbock J,Clore GM,Gronenborn AM

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cDNA library derived from human cerebral cortex was screened for the presence of sodium channel alpha subunit-specific clones. Ligation of three overlapping clones generated a full-length cDNA clone, HBA, that provided the complete nucleotide sequence coding for a protein of 2005 amino acids. The predicted structure...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ahmed CM,Ware DH,Lee SC,Patten CD,Ferrer-Montiel AV,Schinder AF,McPherson JD,Wagner-McPherson CB,Wasmuth JJ,Evans GA

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of phospholipase Cgamma1 (PLCgamma1) by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) in endothelial cells in part is responsible for angiogenesis in vivo. The cellular mechanisms exerting negative control over PLCgamma1 activation, however, remain unaddressed. Here by using in vitro and in vivo b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Singh AJ,Meyer RD,Navruzbekov G,Shelke R,Duan L,Band H,Leeman SE,Rahimi N

更新日期：2007-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The mitogen-activated kinase activating death domain protein (MADD) that is differentially expressed in neoplastic vs. normal cells (DENN) was identified as a substrate for c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3, the first demonstration of such an activity for this stress-activated kinase that is predominantly expressed in the bra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang Y,Zhou L,Miller CA

更新日期：1998-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The previously described peptide material that reacts with antibodies to gastrin and is found in the central nervous system of various vertebrates is present in only the 100,000 X g pellet of postmortem human cerebral cortical grey matter. This immunoreactive material, extractable in boiling water, is biologically act...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Robberecht P,Deschodt-Lanckman M,Vanderhaeghen JJ

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To enter host cells, vaccinia virus, a prototype poxvirus, can induce transient macropinocytosis followed by endocytic internalization and penetration through the limiting membrane of pinosomes by membrane fusion. Although mature virions (MVs) of the Western reserve (WR) strain do this in HeLa cells by activating tran...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mercer J,Knébel S,Schmidt FI,Crouse J,Burkard C,Helenius A

更新日期：2010-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The thylakoid compartments of plant chloroplasts are a vital destination for copper. Copper is needed to form holo-plastocyanin, which must shuttle electrons between photosystems to convert light into biologically useful chemical energy. Copper can bind tightly to proteins, so it has been hypothesized that copper part...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Banci L,Bertini I,Ciofi-Baffoni S,Kandias NG,Robinson NJ,Spyroulias GA,Su XC,Tottey S,Vanarotti M

更新日期：2006-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper explores the explanations for, and consequences of, the early appearance of food production outside the Fertile Crescent of Southwest Asia, where it originated in the 10th/9th millennia cal BC. We present evidence that cultivation appeared in Central Anatolia through adoption by indigenous foragers in the m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baird D,Fairbairn A,Jenkins E,Martin L,Middleton C,Pearson J,Asouti E,Edwards Y,Kabukcu C,Mustafaoğlu G,Russell N,Bar-Yosef O,Jacobsen G,Wu X,Baker A,Elliott S

更新日期：2018-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Biogeochemical reactions occur unevenly in space and time, but this heterogeneity is often simplified as a linear average due to sparse data, especially in subsurface environments where access is limited. For example, little is known about the spatial variability of groundwater denitrification, an important process in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kolbe T,de Dreuzy JR,Abbott BW,Aquilina L,Babey T,Green CT,Fleckenstein JH,Labasque T,Laverman AM,Marçais J,Peiffer S,Thomas Z,Pinay G

更新日期：2019-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Exocytosis allows the release of secretory products and the delivery of new membrane material to the plasma membrane. So far, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanism and its control in plant cells. We have used the whole-cell patch-clamp technique to monitor changes in membrane capacitance to study ex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Homann U,Tester M

更新日期：1997-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Generating human single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is no longer a rate-limiting step for genetic studies of disease. The number of SNPs in public databases already exceeds 200,000, and the total is expected to exceed 1,000,000 within a year. Rather, progress is limited by the inability to genotype large numbers o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hirschhorn JN,Sklar P,Lindblad-Toh K,Lim YM,Ruiz-Gutierrez M,Bolk S,Langhorst B,Schaffner S,Winchester E,Lander ES

更新日期：2000-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Specific rearrangement of internal chromosomal regions occurs during development of the somatic macronucleus in Tetrahymena thermophila and results in elimination of germ-line (micronuclear) DNA sequences. The timing and mechanism of genome rearrangement within one particular 9.3-kilobase region, which contains three ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Austerberry CF,Allis CD,Yao MC

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most human tumors are clonal in origin, although the cells may be diverse in their properties. Since the tumors evolve through progressive stages over decades of time, it is possible that the conditions that induced the tumor transform many cells, but that selective overgrowth of the fastest growing lead to a clonal p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yao A,Rubin H

更新日期：1993-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:3T3 cells that have undergone adipose differentiation in vitro secrete into the culture medium a potent growth stimulatory activity for bovine aortic endothelial cells. When medium containing 2% fetal calf serum, which does not support significant endothelial cell growth, is conditioned by 3T3-F442A adipocytes, the en...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Castellot JJ Jr,Karnovsky MJ,Spiegelman BM

更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the presence of protein kinase C (PKC) in ejaculated human sperm as revealed by enzymatic activity assay and indirect immunohistochemistry. PKC is localized in the equatorial segment and in the principal piece of the tail. Addition of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate resulted in increased flagellar motility t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rotem R,Paz GF,Homonnai ZT,Kalina M,Naor Z

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A monoclonal antibody has been developed that recognizes a mouse lymphocyte antigen, Ly-23, that is controlled by an H-3 histocompatibility complex-linked gene on the second chromosome. Competitive binding experiments demonstrate that this antigen is distinct from the polymorphic beta 2-microglobulin antigen, which al...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gasser DL,Ziebur J,Matsumoto K

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamate transport by the excitatory amino acid carrier EAAC1 is known to be reversible. Thus, glutamate can either be taken up into cells, or it can be released from cells through reverse transport, depending on the electrochemical gradient of the co- and countertransported ions. However, it is unknown how fast and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang Z,Tao Z,Gameiro A,Barcelona S,Braams S,Rauen T,Grewer C

更新日期：2007-11-13 00:00:00