Abstract:
:Although maternal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission occurs during gestation, intrapartum and postpartum (by breast-feeding), 50-70% of all infected children seem to acquire HIV-1 shortly before or during delivery. Epidemiological evidence indicates that mucosal exposure is an important aspect of intrapartum HIV transmission. A simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) macaque model has been developed that mimics the mucosal exposure that can occur during intrapartum HIV-1 transmission. To develop immunoprophylaxis against intrapartum HIV-1 transmission, we used SHIV-vpu+ (refs. 5,6), a chimeric simian-human virus that encodes the env gene of HIV-IIIB. Several combinations of human monoclonal antibodies against HIV-1 have been identified that neutralize SHIV-vpu+ completely in vitro through synergistic interaction. Here, we treated four pregnant macaques with a triple combination of the human IgG1 monoclonal antibodies F105, 2G12 and 2F5. All four macaques were protected against intravenous SHIV-vpu+ challenge after delivery. The infants received monoclonal antibodies after birth and were challenged orally with SHIV-vpu+ shortly thereafter. We found no evidence of infection in any infant during 6 months of follow-up. This demonstrates that IgG1 monoclonal antibodies protect against mucosal lentivirus challenge in neonates. We conclude that epitopes recognized by the three monoclonal antibodies are important determinants for achieving substantial protection, thus providing a rational basis for AIDS vaccine development.
journal_name
Nat Medjournal_title
Nature medicineauthors
Baba TW,Liska V,Hofmann-Lehmann R,Vlasak J,Xu W,Ayehunie S,Cavacini LA,Posner MR,Katinger H,Stiegler G,Bernacky BJ,Rizvi TA,Schmidt R,Hill LR,Keeling ME,Lu Y,Wright JE,Chou TC,Ruprecht RMdoi
10.1038/72309keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-02-01 00:00:00pages
200-6issue
2eissn
1078-8956issn
1546-170Xjournal_volume
6pub_type
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