Abstract:
:The increasing availability of DNA-based diagnostic tests has raised issues about whether these should be applied to the population at large in order to identify, treat or prevent a range of diseases. DNA tests raise concerns in the community for several reasons. There is the possibility of stigmatisation and discrimination between those who test positive and those who don't. High-risk individuals may be identified for whom no proven effective intervention is possible, or conversely may test "positive" for a disease that does not eventuate. Controversy concerning prenatal diagnosis and termination of affected pregnancies may arise. Haemochromatosis, however, is a disease that is not only treatable but also preventable if those at high risk are identified presymptomatically. This paper will identify and discuss key issues regarding DNA-based population screening for haemochromatosis, and argue that population-based genetic screening for haemochromatosis should be supported when a number of contentious issues are addressed. In the context of a health system with limited resources haemochromatosis is the paradigm of a disorder where there is an ethical and clinical imperative to encourage presymptomatic DNA testing for all in ethnically relevant communities.
journal_name
J Med Ethicsjournal_title
Journal of medical ethicsauthors
Allen K,Williamson Rdoi
10.1136/jme.25.2.209keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-04-01 00:00:00pages
209-14issue
2eissn
0306-6800issn
1473-4257journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a simple means of brain stimulation, possesses a trifecta of appealing features: it is relatively safe, relatively inexpensive and relatively effective. It is also relatively easy to obtain a device and the do-it-yourself (DIY) community has become galvanised by reports ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2013-101458
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In their paper 'The "serious" factor in germline modification', Kleiderman, Ravitsky and Knoppers rightly highlight the ambiguity in the oft-utilised term 'serious' in legal discussions of human germline genome modification.1 They suggest interpretation of this term may benefit from a framework based on human rights r...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2019-105764
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Junior researchers can be abused and bullied by unscrupulous senior collaborators. This article describes the profile of a type of serial abuser, the White Bull, who uses his academic seniority to distort authorship credit and who disguises his parasitism with carefully premeditated deception. Further research into th...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2004.010553
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper re-evaluates euthanasia and assisted suicide from the perspective of eudaimonia, the ancient Greek conception of happiness across one's whole life. It is argued that one cannot be said to have fully flourished or had a truly happy life if one's death is preceded by a period of unbearable pain or suffering t...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2008.028852
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Judges face difficult choices when the birth and genetic mothers of a child are separate people who dispute maternal access; the views of the general population may help them. Fifty women were asked whether, if they were infertile and could have only one child, they would prefer to be birth mothers (to carry a baby wh...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.20.2.87
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.24.4.255
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the current status of hospital clinical ethics committees (CEC) and how they have evolved in Canada over the past 20 years, this paper presents an overview of the findings from a 2008 survey and compares these findings with two previous Canadian surveys conducted in 1989 and 1984. All Canadian hospitals...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2009.032607
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Brisbane Supreme Court has denied an Australian woman's request to harvest and freeze her dead fiancé's sperm for future impregnation. After she was denied access to the sperm, the woman learnt that her fiancé may have been a sperm donor and she began checking to find out if his sperm was still available. Given wh...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2003.004432
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2016-103476
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::'Futility' is a contentious term that has eluded clear definition, with proposed descriptions either too strict or too vague to encompass the many facets of medical care. Requests for futile care are often surrogates for requests of a more existential character, covering the whole range of personal, emotional, cultura...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2020-106232
更新日期:2020-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple self approaches purport that to have equal concern about all stages of one's life is not a requirement of rationality. This poses a challenge to the prudential lifespan account which Norman Daniels advocates in Just health: meeting health needs fairly. Daniels has criticised the multiple self approach in earl...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2008.024380
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This opinion piece aims to situate the placebo effect within the field of psychiatric treatment. To accomplish this, the placebo is explored at the centre of an often heated debate between three discrete perspectives: the clinical trial researcher, the placebo researcher and the clinician. Each occupational perspectiv...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2013-101410
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The primary aim of the study was to evaluate two different methods of communicating information on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to patients admitted to general medical and elderly care wards. The information was either in the form of a detailed information leaflet (appendix I) or a summary document (appendix...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2002.002915
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper is not about the medical condition of AIDS. Nor is it about the history of the condition since it was first reported in Atlanta, Georgia in 1981. It looks rather, at the catalogue of legislative and other legal responses to the spread of AIDS. The paper analyses the AIDS condition in its historical context....
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.12.4.187
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic services have generated enormous controversy from their first emergence. A dramatic recent manifestation of this is the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) cease and desist order against 23andMe, the leading provider in the market. Critics have argued for the restrictive regulation of...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2014-102026
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Principles of autonomy and self-determination have been upheld as vital to modern-day medical and ethical practice. However, the complexities of current health care and changes in the expectation of some patients and their families justify a review of such concepts. Their limitations and relativities may suggest that ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.15.1.12
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, any dentist in the UK who is HIV-seropositive must stop treating patients. This is despite the fact that hepatitis B-infected dentists with a low viral load can continue to practise, and the fact that HIV is 100 times less infectious than hepatitis B. Dentists are obliged to treat HIV-positive patients, but...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2007.021972
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A considerable amount of publicity has recently centred on a few Lesbian couples who have successfully obtained artificial insemination by donor (AID) in order to have a child. Advice was orginally sought on a private basis from the Journal on the following case: now the issue is public knowledge, the doctor presentin...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.4.2.91
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The research assessment exercise (RAE) forms the basis for determining the funding of higher education institutions in the UK. Monies are distributed according to a range of performance criteria, the most important of which is "research outputs". Problems to do with publication misconduct, and in particular, issues of...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.26.6.422
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
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journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.6.3.120
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.22.5.302
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.11.3.146
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2005.011932
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 'Abortion and deprivation: a reply to Marquis', Anna Christensen contends that Don Marquis' influential 'future like ours' argument for the immorality of abortion faces a significant challenge from the Epicurean claim that human beings cannot be harmed by their death. If deprivation requires a subject, then abortio...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2018-105267
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Disclosures of funding sources and conflicts of interests (COI) in published peer-reviewed journal articles have recently begun to receive some attention, but many critical questions remain, for example, how often such reporting occurs concerning research conducted in the developing world and what factors ma...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2010.035394
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The editorial in the September 1982 issue of this journal and many articles before and since have addressed the problem of informed consent. Is it possible? Is it a useful concept? Is there anything new to be said about it? In this article the basic rationale of the rule (patient autonomy) is explained and the extent ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.9.2.69
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2016-103670
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A quiet revolution is occurring in the field of transplantation. Traditionally, transplants have involved solid organs such as the kidney, heart and liver which are transplanted to prevent recipients from dying. Now transplants are being done of the face, hand, uterus, penis and larynx that aim at improving a recipien...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2015-103348
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00