Abstract：
:Cardiac intracellular Na+and Ca2+homeostasis is regulated by the concerted action of ion channels, pumps and exchangers. The Na+, K+-ATPase produces the electrochemical concentration gradient for Na+, which is the driving force for Ca2+removal from the cytosol via the Na+/Ca2+exchange. Reduction of this gradient by increased intracellular Na+concentration leads to cellular Ca2+overload resulting in arrhythmias and contractile dysfunction. Na+and Ca2+overload-associated arrhythmias can be produced experimentally by inhibition of Na+efflux (digitalis-induced intoxication) and by abnormal Na+influx via modulated Na+channels (veratridine, DPI 201-106; hypoxia) or via the Na+, H+exchanger. Theoretically, blockers of Na+and Ca2+channels, inhibitors of abnormal oscillatory release of Ca2+from internal stores or modulators of the Na+, Ca2+and Na+, H+exchanger activities could protect against cellular Na+and Ca2+overload. Three exemplary drugs that prevent Na+and Ca2+overload, i.e. the benzothiazolamine R56865, the methylenephenoxydioxy-derivative CP-060S, and the benzoyl-guanidine Hoe 642, a Na+, H+exchange blocker, are briefly reviewed with respect to their efficacy on digitalis-, veratridine- and ischaemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias.
journal_name
Pharmacol Resjournal_title
Pharmacological researchauthors
Ravens U,Himmel HMdoi
10.1006/phrs.1998.0416keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-03-01 00:00:00pages
167-74issue
3eissn
1043-6618issn
1096-1186pii
S1043-6618(98)90416-9journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The apelinergic system is an important player in the regulation of both vascular tone and cardiovascular function, making this physiological system an attractive target for drug development for hypertension, heart failure and ischemic heart disease. Indeed, apelin exerts a positive inotropic effect in humans whilst re...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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abstract：:Gamma-vinyl GABA (vigabatrin; VGB), an irreversible inhibitor of GABA-transaminase, was evaluated for its effect on the contractile responses to PGE(2) or its precursor arachidonic acid (AA) in guinea pig ileum (GPI) and non-pregnant rat uterus. Rationale behind this study was the rise in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA...
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pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
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更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2004.10.010
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2006.04.002
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Limited information is available on drug-induced neuropsychiatric disorders in general practice. The spontaneous reports of both neurological and psychiatric adverse drug reactions (ADRs) collected during a 2-year period in PharmaSearch database, an Italian database recording reports of ADRs from general practitioners...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2004.08.003
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is generally accepted that divalent cations are involved in the nociceptive pathway. The effect of systemic co-administration of magnesium sulfate and calcium channel blockers (nifedipine, verapamil) on the analgesic effect of opioid (mixed mu/kappa: butorphanol) and non-opioid drugs (paracetamol) was investigated....
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/phrs.2001.0811
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review summarizes the metabolism, secretion, regulation and sites of action of melatonin. An updated description of the melatonin receptors, including their signal transduction mechanisms, distribution and characterization of receptor genes, is given. Special emphasis is focused on the clinical aspects and potent...
journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.phrs.2012.01.003
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
