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Noncanonical farnesoid X receptor signaling inhibits apoptosis and impedes liver fibrosis.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Hepatocyte is particularly vulnerable to apoptosis, a hallmark of many liver diseases. Although pro-apoptotic mechanisms have been extensively explored, less is known about the hepatocyte-specific anti-apoptotic molecular events and it lacks effective approach to combat hepatocyte apoptosis. We investigated the anti-apoptotic effect and mechanism of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and strategies of how to target FXR for inhibiting apoptosis implicated in liver fibrosis. METHODS:Sensitivity to apoptosis was compared between wild type and Fxr-/- mice and in cultured cells. Cell-based and cell-free assays were employed to identify the binding protein of FXR and to uncover the mechanism of its anti-apoptotic effect. Overexpression of FXR by adenovirus-FXR was employed to determine its anti-fibrotic effect in CCl4-treated mice. Specimens from fibrotic patients were collected to validate the relevance of FXR on apoptosis/fibrosis. FINDINGS:FXR deficiency sensitizes hepatocytes to death receptors (DRs)-engaged apoptosis. FXR overexpression, but not FXR ligands, inhibits apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Apoptotic stimuli lead to drastic reduction of FXR protein levels, a prerequisite for DRs-engaged apoptosis. Mechanistically, FXR interacts with caspase 8 (CASP8) in the cytoplasm, thus preventing the formation of death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and activation of CASP8. Adenovirus-FXR transfection impedes liver fibrosis in CCl4-treated mice. Specimens from fibrotic patients are characterized with reduced FXR expression and compromised FXR/CASP8 colocalization. INTERPRETATION:FXR represents an intrinsic apoptosis inhibitor in hepatocytes and can be targeted via restoring its expression or strengthening FXR/CASP8 interaction for inhibiting hepatocytes apoptosis in liver fibrosis. FUND: National Natural Science Foundation of China.

journal_name

EBioMedicine

journal_title

EBioMedicine

authors

Wang H,Ge C,Zhou J,Guo Y,Cui S,Huang N,Yan T,Cao L,Che Y,Zheng Q,Zheng X,Gonzalez FJ,Wang G,Hao H

doi

10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.10.028

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-11-01 00:00:00

pages

322-333

issn

2352-3964

pii

S2352-3964(18)30446-8

journal_volume

37

pub_type

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