Membrane Fusion Involved in Neurotransmission: Glimpse from Electron Microscope and Molecular Simulation.

abstract：:Ischemic stroke is one of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide. Neuroinflammation is a major pathological event involved in the process of ischemic injury and repair. In particular, microglia play a dual role in neuroinflammation. During the acute phase of stroke onset, M2 microglia are the dominan...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Lian L,Zhang Y,Liu L,Yang L,Cai Y,Zhang J,Xu S

更新日期：2021-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-a relapsing functional bowel disorder-presents with disrupted brain connections. However, little is known about the alterations of interhemispheric functional connectivity and underlying structural connectivity in IBS. This study combined resti...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Qi R,Liu C,Weng Y,Xu Q,Chen L,Wang F,Zhang LJ,Lu GM

更新日期：2016-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Mercury is a toxic metal that can be found in the environment in three different forms - elemental, organic and inorganic. Inorganic mercury has a lower liposolubility, which results in a lower organism absorption and reduced passage through the blood-brain barrier. For this reason, exposure models that use inorganic ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Teixeira FB,de Oliveira ACA,Leão LKR,Fagundes NCF,Fernandes RM,Fernandes LMP,da Silva MCF,Amado LL,Sagica FES,de Oliveira EHC,Crespo-Lopez ME,Maia CSF,Lima RR

更新日期：2018-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroblastoma, the major cause of infant cancer deaths, results from fast proliferation of undifferentiated neuroblasts. Treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma includes differentiation with retinoic acid (RA); however, the resistance of many of these tumors to RA-induced differentiation poses a considerable challenge. H...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Kasim M,Heß V,Scholz H,Persson PB,Fähling M

更新日期：2016-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) are two motoneuron diseases (MNDs) characterized by aberrant protein behavior in affected cells. In familial ALS (fALS) and in SBMA specific gene mutations lead to the production of neurotoxic proteins or peptides prone to misfold, which...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Rusmini P,Cristofani R,Galbiati M,Cicardi ME,Meroni M,Ferrari V,Vezzoli G,Tedesco B,Messi E,Piccolella M,Carra S,Crippa V,Poletti A

更新日期：2017-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell signaling in response to an array of diverse stress stimuli converges on the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α). Evidence is accumulating that persistent eIF2α phosphorylation at Ser51 through prolonged overactivation of regulatory kinases occurs in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzhe...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Ohno M

更新日期：2014-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The astrocyte-specific enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS), which catalyzes the amidation of glutamate to glutamine, plays an essential role in supporting neurotransmission and in limiting NH4+ toxicity. Accordingly, deficits in GS activity contribute to epilepsy and neurodegeneration. Despite its central role in brain p...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Huyghe D,Denninger AR,Voss CM,Frank P,Gao N,Brandon N,Waagepetersen HS,Ferguson AD,Pangalos M,Doig P,Moss SJ

更新日期：2019-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Connexin channels play numerous essential roles in virtually every organ by mediating solute exchange between adjacent cells, or between cytoplasm and extracellular milieu. Our understanding of the structure-function relationship of connexin channels relies on X-ray crystallographic data for human connexin 26 (hCx26) ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Zonta F,Buratto D,Crispino G,Carrer A,Bruno F,Yang G,Mammano F,Pantano S

更新日期：2018-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Recoverin (Rcv) is a low molecular-weight, neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) primarily located in photoreceptor outer segments of the vertebrate retina. Calcium ions (Ca2+)-bound Rcv has been proposed to inhibit G-protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRKs) in darkness. During the light response, the Ca2+-free Rcv releases GRK...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Zang J,Neuhauss SCF

更新日期：2018-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroendocrine cells store and secrete bulk amounts of neuropeptides, and display morphological and molecular characteristics distinct from neurons signaling with classical neurotransmitters. In Drosophila the transcription factor Dimmed (Dimm), is a prime organizer of neuroendocrine capacity in a majority of the pept...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Luo J,Liu Y,Nässel DR

更新日期：2017-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In the brain, de novo gene expression driven by learning-associated neuronal activities is critical for the formation of long-term memories. However, the signaling machinery mediating neuronal activity-induced gene expression, especially the rapid transcription of immediate-early genes (IEGs) remains unclear. Cyclin-d...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： He G,Yang X,Wang G,Qi J,Mao R,Wu Z,Zhou Z

更新日期：2017-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroblastoma is a neural crest derived malignancy of the peripheral nervous system and is the most common and deadliest tumor of infancy. It is characterized by clinical heterogeneity with a disease spectrum ranging from spontaneous regression without any medical intervention to treatment resistant tumors with metast...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Johnsen JI,Dyberg C,Wickström M

更新日期：2019-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies on the association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and levels of catecholamines have yielded inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether concentrations of the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine are associ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Pan X,Kaminga AC,Wen SW,Liu A

更新日期：2018-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and malignant primary tumor. Angiogenesis plays a critical role in the progression of GBM. Previous studies have indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abnormally expressed in various cancers and participate in the regulation of the malignant behaviors of tumors. Th...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Yang C,Zheng J,Xue Y,Yu H,Liu X,Ma J,Liu L,Wang P,Li Z,Cai H,Liu Y

更新日期：2018-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is characterized by the buildup of β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary Tau tangles. This leads to decreased synaptic efficacy, cell death, and, consequently, brain atrophy in patients. Behaviorally, this manifests as memory loss and confusion. Using a...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Greene AN,Parks LG,Solomon MB,Privette Vinnedge LM

更新日期：2020-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycine receptors (GlyRs) containing the α2 subunit are highly expressed in the developing brain, where they regulate neuronal migration and maturation, promote spontaneous network activity and subsequent development of synaptic connections. Mutations in GLRA2 are associated with autism spectrum disorder, but the unde...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Comhair J,Devoght J,Morelli G,Harvey RJ,Briz V,Borrie SC,Bagni C,Rigo JM,Schiffmann SN,Gall D,Brône B,Molchanova SM

更新日期：2018-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Convulsive seizures promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) through a transient activation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG). However, in a significant population of epilepsy patients, non-convulsive seizures (ncSZ) are observed. The response of NSPCs ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Bielefeld P,Schouten M,Meijer GM,Breuk MJ,Geijtenbeek K,Karayel S,Tiaglik A,Vuuregge AH,Willems RAL,Witkamp D,Lucassen PJ,Encinas JM,Fitzsimons CP

更新日期：2019-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) are major excitatory receptors that mediate fast neurotransmission in the mammalian brain. The surface expression of functional AMPARs is crucial for synaptic transmission and plasticity. AMPAR auxiliary subunits control ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Wei M,Jia M,Zhang J,Yu L,Zhao Y,Chen Y,Ma Y,Zhang W,Shi YS,Zhang C

更新日期：2017-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) protein is abundantly expressed in the central nervous system and retinal neurons, where it regulates many vital processes such as synaptic transmission. It coordinates three calcium ions by EF-hands 2-4, thereby transducing Ca2+ signals to a wide range of protein targets, including G...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Tsvetkov PO,Roman AY,Baksheeva VE,Nazipova AA,Shevelyova MP,Vladimirov VI,Buyanova MF,Zinchenko DV,Zamyatnin AA Jr,Devred F,Golovin AV,Permyakov SE,Zernii EY

更新日期：2018-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Ca2+ signaling plays a significant role in the development of the vertebrate nervous system where it regulates neurite growth as well as synapse and neurotransmitter specification. Elucidating the role of Ca2+ signaling in mammalian neuronal development has been largely restricted to either small animal models or prim...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Gopurappilly R,Deb BK,Chakraborty P,Hasan G

更新日期：2018-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is characterized by the aggregation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau in the form of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. It has been found that a synergistic relationship between these two proteins may contribute to their roles in disease progression. However, how Aβ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Shin WS,Di J,Murray KA,Sun C,Li B,Bitan G,Jiang L

更新日期：2019-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Some therapeutic side-effects result from simultaneous activation of homolog receptors by the same ligand. Tropomyosin receptor kinases (TrkA, TrkB and TrkC) play a major role in the development and biology of neurons through neurotrophin signaling. The wide range of cross-interactions between Trk receptors and neurot...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Haddad Y,Adam V,Heger Z

更新日期：2017-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous reports have shown that running wheel activity or voluntary exercise prevents hyperphagia and obesity in various animal models of obesity, but such effects seem only minimal in obese animals lacking leptin or leptin receptors. The mechanisms underlying this ineffectiveness remain unclear. Here, we identified ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Zhang N,Yang L,Guo L,Bi S

更新日期：2018-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:An abnormally expanded GGGGCC repeat in C9ORF72 is the most frequent causal mutation associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Both gain-of-function (gf) and loss-of-function (lf) mechanisms have been involved in C9ORF72 related ALS/FTLD. The gf mechanism of C9ORF72 ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Wang X,Hao L,Saur T,Joyal K,Zhao Y,Zhai D,Li J,Pribadi M,Coppola G,Cohen BM,Buttner EA

更新日期：2016-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is the chemical synapse connecting motor neurons and skeletal muscle fibers. NMJs allow all voluntary movements, and ensure vital functions like breathing. Changes in the structure and function of NMJs are hallmarks of numerous pathological conditions that affect muscle function includ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Castets P,Ham DJ,Rüegg MA

更新日期：2020-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Collateral sprouting of surviving axons contributes to the synaptic reorganization after brain injury. To study this clinically relevant phenomenon, we used complex organotypic tissue cultures of mouse entorhinal cortex (EC) and hippocampus (H). Single EC-H cultures were generated to analyze associational sprouting, a...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Del Turco D,Paul MH,Beeg Moreno VJ,Hildebrandt-Einfeldt L,Deller T

更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play an important role in many aspects of nervous system function such as synaptic plasticity and neuronal development. NMDARs are heteromers consisting of an obligate NR1 and most commonly one or two kinds of NR2 subunits. While the receptors have been well characterized in som...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Ewald RC,Cline HT

更新日期：2009-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Following the discovery that the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is the source of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) that accumulate in Alzheimer's disease (AD), structural analyses suggested that the holoprotein resembles a transmembrane receptor. Initial studies using reconstituted membranes demonstrated that APP can directly ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Copenhaver PF,Kögel D

更新日期：2017-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Mecp2 is a DNA methylation reader that plays a critical role in experience-dependent plasticity. Increasing evidence supports a role for epigenetic modifications in activity-induced gene expression. Hence, candidate genes related to such phenomena are of great interest. Ryanodine receptors are intracellular calcium ch...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Torres RF,Hidalgo C,Kerr B

更新日期：2017-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The tetrameric capsaicin receptor transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in mammals has evolved the capability to integrate pain signal arising from harmful temperature and chemical irritants. The four repetitions of TRPV1 subunits result in an ion channel with excellent pain sensitivity, allowing this ionot...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Liu TY,Chu Y,Mei HR,Chang D,Chuang HH

更新日期：2020-01-09 00:00:00