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Genetic diversity within Schistosoma haematobium: DNA barcoding reveals two distinct groups.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Schistosomiasis in one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases, affecting millions of people and animals in developing countries. Amongst the human-infective species S. haematobium is one of the most widespread causing urogenital schistosomiasis, a major human health problem across Africa, however in terms of research this human pathogen has been severely neglected. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:To elucidate the genetic diversity of Schistosoma haematobium, a DNA 'barcoding' study was performed on parasite material collected from 41 localities representing 18 countries across Africa and the Indian Ocean Islands. Surprisingly low sequence variation was found within the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (cox1) and the NADH-dehydrogenase subunit 1 snad1). The 61 haplotypes found within 1978 individual samples split into two distinct groups; one (Group 1) that is predominately made up of parasites from the African mainland and the other (Group 2) that is made up of samples exclusively from the Indian Ocean Islands and the neighbouring African coastal regions. Within Group 1 there was a dominance of one particular haplotype (H1) representing 1574 (80%) of the samples analyzed. Population genetic diversity increased in samples collected from the East African coastal regions and the data suggest that there has been movement of parasites between these areas and the Indian Ocean Islands. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:The high occurrence of the haplotype (H1) suggests that at some point in the recent evolutionary history of S. haematobium in Africa the population may have passed through a genetic 'bottleneck' followed by a population expansion. This study provides novel and extremely interesting insights into the population genetics of S. haematobium on a large geographic scale, which may have consequence for control and monitoring of urogenital schistosomiasis.

journal_name

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

journal_title

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors

Webster BL,Emery AM,Webster JP,Gouvras A,Garba A,Diaw O,Seye MM,Tchuente LA,Simoonga C,Mwanga J,Lange C,Kariuki C,Mohammed KA,Stothard JR,Rollinson D

doi

10.1371/journal.pntd.0001882

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-01-01 00:00:00

pages

e1882

issue

eissn

1935-2727

issn

1935-2735

pii

PNTD-D-12-00604

journal_volume

pub_type

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Genetic diversity within Schistosoma haematobium: DNA barcoding reveals two distinct groups.