Abstract：
:Macaques are menstruating nonhuman primates that provide important animal models for studies of hormonal regulation in the uterus. In women and macaques the decline of progesterone (P) at the end of the cycle triggers endometrial expression of a variety of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymes that participate in tissue breakdown and menstrual sloughing. To determine the minimal duration of P withdrawal required to induce menses, we assessed the effects of adding P back at various time points after P withdrawal on both frank bleeding patterns and endometrial MMP expression. Artificial menstrual cycles were induced by treating the animals sequentially with implants releasing estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P). To assess bleeding patterns, P implants were removed at the end of a cycle and then added back at 12, 24, 30, 36, 40, 48, 60, or 72 hours (h) after the initial P withdrawal. Observational analysis of frank bleeding patterns showed that P replacement at 12 and 24 h blocked menses, replacement at 36 h reduced menses but replacement after 36 h failed to block menses. These data indicate that in macaques, a critical period of P withdrawal exists and lasts approximately 36 h. In other similarly cycled animals, we withdrew P and then added P back either during (12-24 h) or after (48 h) the critical period, removed the uterus 24 h after P add back and evaluated endometrial MMP expression. Immunocytochemistry showed that replacement of P during the critical period suppressed MMP-1, -2 and -3 expression along with menses, but replacement of P at 48 h, which failed to suppress mense, suppressed MMP-1 and MMP-3 but did not block MMP-2. We concluded that upregulation of MMPs is essential to menses induction, but that after the critical period, menses will occur even if some MMPs are experimentally blocked.
journal_name
Reprod Biol Endocrinoljournal_title
Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&Eauthors
Slayden OD,Brenner RMdoi
10.1186/1477-7827-4-S1-S6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-01-01 00:00:00pages
S6issn
1477-7827pii
1477-7827-4-S1-S6journal_volume
4 Suppl 1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:Pregnant women have high serum concentrations of sex steroid hormones, which are major regulators of paracrine and autocrine responses for many maternal and placental functions. The main purpose of this study was to compare patients with preeclampsia and patients with uncomplicated pregnancies in terms of se...
journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12958-020-0569-5
更新日期：2020-02-18 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2015-03-09 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A decrease in HOXA11 expression in eutopic mid-secretory endometrium has been found in women with endometriosis-associated infertility. METHODS:Using Real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) and western blotting analysis we studied the HOXA11 transcript and protein levels in mid-luteal eutopic endometrium from e...
journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
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doi：10.1186/1477-7827-10-1
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期：2008-12-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of our research was to examine the ability of density gradient preparation BoviPure and swim up method on bull sperm separation and in vitro embryo production (IVP) systems. Frozen/thawed semen from six Simmental bulls was pooled and treated using both methods. The sperm motility, concentration, membrane activ...
journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1477-7827-11-41
更新日期：2013-05-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12958-018-0368-4
更新日期：2018-05-31 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-09-03 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1477-7827-1-30
更新日期：2003-03-24 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1477-7827-5-5
更新日期：2007-01-31 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
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doi：10.1186/1477-7827-10-30
更新日期：2012-04-20 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
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更新日期：2015-11-24 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-08-27 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
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更新日期：2020-08-12 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-08-16 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1477-7827-3-27
更新日期：2005-07-14 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1477-7827-4-53
更新日期：2006-10-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2013-03-20 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12958-019-0518-3
更新日期：2019-11-09 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期：2014-11-24 00:00:00
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journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1477-7827-7-76
更新日期：2009-07-20 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The full maturational capability of mammalian oocytes is accompanied by nuclear and cytoplasmic modifications, which are associated with proliferation and differentiation of surrounding cumulus cells. These events are regulated on molecular level by the expression of target genes involved in signal transduct...
journal_title：Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12958-017-0261-6
更新日期：2017-06-02 00:00:00
