Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To assess effects on condom use and other sexual behaviour of an HIV prevention programme at school that promotes the use of condoms with and without emergency contraception. DESIGN:Cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING:40 public high schools in the state of Morelos, Mexico. PARTICIPANTS:10 954 first year high school students. INTERVENTION:Schools were randomised to one of three arms: an HIV prevention course that promoted condom use, the same course with emergency contraception as back-up, or the existing sex education course. Self administered anonymous questionnaires were completed at baseline, four months, and 16 months. Students at intervention schools received a 30 hour course (over 15 weeks) on HIV prevention and life skills, designed in accordance with guidelines of the joint United Nations programme on HIV/AIDS. Two extra hours of education on emergency contraception were given to students in the condom promotion with contraception arm. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Primary outcome measure was reported condom use. Other outcomes were reported sexual activity; knowledge and attitudes about HIV and emergency contraception; and attitudes and confidence about condom use. RESULTS:Intervention did not affect reported condom use. Knowledge of HIV improved in both intervention arms and knowledge of emergency contraception improved in the condom promotion with contraception arm. Reported sexual behaviour was similar in the intervention arms and the control group. CONCLUSION:A rigorously designed, implemented, and evaluated HIV education course based in public high schools did not reduce risk behaviour, so such courses need to be redesigned and evaluated. Addition of emergency contraception did not decrease reported condom use or increase risky sexual behaviour but did increase reported use of emergency contraception.
journal_name
BMJjournal_title
BMJ (Clinical research ed.)authors
Walker D,Gutierrez JP,Torres P,Bertozzi SMdoi
10.1136/bmj.38796.457407.80subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-05-20 00:00:00pages
1189-94issue
7551eissn
0959-8138issn
1756-1833pii
bmj.38796.457407.80journal_volume
332pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relation between total fat intake and body weight in adults and children. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and cohort studies. DATA SOURCES:Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to June 2010. INCLUSION CR...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.e7666
更新日期:2012-12-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical benefit of lipid lowering drug treatment in patients with and without diabetes mellitus, for primary and secondary prevention. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:Cochrane, Medline, Embase, and reference lists up to April 2004. STUDY SELECTION:Randomised, place...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.38793.468449.AE
更新日期:2006-05-13 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the concerns of singlehanded general practitioners working in an inner London area and to compare the views of general practitioners in partnerships. DESIGN:Qualitative analysis of semistructured interviews with a random sample of singlehanded general practitioners and a sample of general practit...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
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doi:10.1136/bmj.307.6904.607
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journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.38512.618681.E0
更新日期:2005-09-03 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess whether blood pressure control in primary care could be improved with the use of patient held targets and self monitoring in a practice setting, and to assess the impact of these on health behaviours, anxiety, prescribed antihypertensive drugs, patients' preferences, and costs. DESIGN:Randomised c...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.38558.393669.E0
更新日期:2005-09-03 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the effects of physical work environment on long term sickness absence and to investigate interaction between physical and psychosocial risk factors. DESIGN AND SETTING:Prospective cohort study of long term sickness absence among employees in Denmark. PARTICIPANTS:5357 employees interviewed in 2...
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更新日期:2006-02-25 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate whether the use of graduated compression stockings (GCS) offers any adjuvant benefit when pharmaco-thromboprophylaxis is used for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients undergoing elective surgery. DESIGN:Open, multicentre, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial. SETTING:Seven...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.m1309
更新日期:2020-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::In order to determine whether the loss in bone density seen in users of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate is reversible, a comparative study was undertaken in three groups of women. Group 1 consisted of 14 women who had used the contraceptive for at least 3 years and then discontinued use. Group 2 was 22 longterm us...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the association of lichen planus with liver complaints and with known aetiological factors of liver diseases. DESIGN:Multicentre case-control study. Interviews were conducted by trained medical investigators on the basis of a structured questionnaire. At the interview patients and controls were ask...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.300.6719.227
更新日期:1990-01-27 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.298.6686.1483
更新日期:1989-06-03 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.e1805
更新日期:2012-04-17 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.i2123
更新日期:2016-07-06 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.300.6724.566
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journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.311.7018.1479
更新日期:1995-12-02 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7155.371
更新日期:1998-08-08 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To compare the clinical and cost effectiveness of total hip arthroplasty with resurfacing arthroplasty in patients with severe arthritis of the hip. DESIGN:Single centre, two arm, parallel group, assessor blinded, randomised controlled trial with 1:1 treatment allocation. SETTING:One large teaching hospita...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.e2147
更新日期:2012-04-19 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether residence before and after birth near 50 Hz high voltage installations increases a child's risk of cancer and whether risk correlates with the strength of the magnetic field. DESIGN:A population based case-control study. SETTING:Denmark. SUBJECTS:1707 children under the age of 15 wit...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.307.6909.891
更新日期:1993-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Objective To improve the selection of patients with acute ischaemic stroke for intra-arterial treatment using a clinical decision tool to predict individual treatment benefit.Design Multivariable regression modelling with data from two randomised controlled clinical trials.Setting 16 hospitals in the Netherlands (deri...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.j1710
更新日期:2017-05-03 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.301.6755.800
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.303.6795.161
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pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.b4254
更新日期:2009-11-12 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To compare perinatal morbidity and mortality for babies delivered in water with rates for babies delivered conventionally (not in water). DESIGN:Surveillance study (of all consultant paediatricians) and postal survey (of all NHS maternity units). SETTING:British Isles (surveillance study); England and Wales (post...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7208.483
更新日期:1999-08-21 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7067.1251a
更新日期:1996-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer, the most prevalent cancer in the Western world, is mainly caused by smoking. Nevertheless, only 20% of smokers develop lung cancer and while prevention is important, environmental factors are expected to contribute to the predicted rise in the incidence of lung cancer in the next 25 years. Survival of lun...
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.314.7081.652
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The studyEveritt H, Landau G, Little P. Therapist telephone-delivered CBT and web-based CBT compared with treatment as usual in refractory irritable bowel syndrome: the ACTIB three-arm RCT. Health Technol Assess 2019;23:1-154.This project was funded by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment Programme (project number 11...
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pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
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更新日期:2019-11-04 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:OBJECTIVE--To measure needs for care of patients aged 18-65 years with major mental illness. DESIGN:Identification of everyone in one area seen by a health professional within the previous five years because of a psychotic disorder. Interview of a one in three sample of patients and their main carers with t...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7046.1582
更新日期:1996-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::Two patients with acute major, disabling cerebral infarction with presumed middle cerebral artery occlusion were treated with the clot specific thrombolytic agent tissue plasminogen activator roughly three and a half hours after the onset of symptoms. Both patients had a normal computed tomography (CT) scan before tre...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.297.6663.1571
更新日期:1988-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::There is currently much debate about how to improve undergraduate medical education, and in particular on how best to prepare students for clinical responsibility. For 20 years a period of trainee internship has formed part of New Zealand medical students' undergraduate training, and the model could have much to offer...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.308.6925.398
更新日期:1994-02-05 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of treatments for non-metastatic invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin using evidence from observational studies, given the paucity of evidence from randomised controlled trials. DESIGN:Systematic review of observational studies. DATA SOURCES:Medline, Embase, to December ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.f6153
更新日期:2013-11-04 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of neuromuscular training in reducing the rate of acute knee injury in adolescent female football players. DESIGN:Stratified cluster randomised controlled trial with clubs as the unit of randomisation. SETTING:230 Swedish football clubs (121 in the intervention group, 109 in th...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.e3042
更新日期:2012-05-03 00:00:00