Abstract:
:Pain is highly prevalent, but frequently untreated or under-treated, and health care professionals are faced with a range of treatment challenges. Multimodal therapy is recommended and can be achieved using open combinations (ie, concomitant administration) of individual agents, fixed-dose combinations (FDCs), or multimodal agents (ie, single agents with multiple mechanisms of action). Co-crystallization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) offers another approach, with the potential to provide drugs with unique properties and advantages for therapeutic applications compared to combinations. API-API co-crystals are single-entity forms that offer a unique possibility of improving the physicochemical properties of both constituent APIs, as well as permitting their synchronous release. Consequently, this may positively impact on their pharmacokinetic (PK) properties and profiles, providing a potential advantage over FDCs and translating into improved clinical efficacy and safety profiles. We report here a revision of the literature concerning API-API co-crystals for the treatment of pain. It becomes apparent that identifying APIs with complementary mechanisms of action that can be adequately co-crystallized in an appropriate molecular ratio applicable for therapeutic use is challenging. In addition, API-API co-crystals normally result in a mere increased exposure of an API without defined clinical benefits (since, to maintain the benefit-risk, the dose needs to be proportionally reduced to adjust for the increased exposure). An exception to this is the co-crystal of tramadol-celecoxib (CTC), that represents a unique concept in co-crystal technology. In CTC neither of its three active components that have complementary mechanisms of action (ie, the two enantiomers of tramadol and celecoxib) show increased exposure levels versus commercially available single-entity reference products, but rather show a change in their PK profile with potential clinical advantages. CTC is in Phase III clinical development for the treatment of pain.
journal_name
J Pain Resjournal_title
Journal of pain researchauthors
Almansa C,Frampton CS,Vela JM,Whitelock S,Plata-Salamán CRdoi
10.2147/JPR.S208082subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-09-04 00:00:00pages
2679-2689issn
1178-7090pii
208082journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to assess the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of NGX-4010, a capsaicin 8% patch, following pretreatment with three different topical anesthetics in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain. METHODS:This open-label, multicenter study enrolled 117 patients with ...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S25272
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Large interindividual differences in clinical responses to opioids and the variable susceptibility to abuse of this class of drugs make their use problematic. We lack a full understanding of the factors responsible for these differences. Dietary factors including methyl donor content have been noted to alter...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S42561
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:To describe the rate and demographics of pain among Vietnamese people in 48 provinces and describe the impact of pain on individuals, levels of satisfaction with treatment results, and behavior of pain sufferers. Methods:The cross-sectional study was conducted in adults presenting to outpatient clinics throu...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S184713
更新日期:2019-02-25 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) complain of long-lasting fatigue and pain which are not relieved by rest and worsened by physical exertion. Previous research has implicated metaboreceptors of muscles to play an important role for chronic fatigue and pain. Therefore, we hypothesized that blocking ...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S139466
更新日期:2017-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/JPR.S203721.]. ...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.2147/JPR.S278204
更新日期:2020-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::Pulsed radiofrequency is an effective, safe, and nondestructive pain treatment technique that has been insufficiently reported in the treatment of supraorbital neuralgia. We report the successful use of pulsed radiofrequency to alleviate acute severe supraorbital neuralgia in a post-craniotomy patient. A 52-year-old f...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type:
doi:10.2147/JPR.S166446
更新日期:2018-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Temporal sensory summation of pain (TSSP) is a proxy measure of windup in humans and results in increased ratings of pain caused by a repetitive, low-frequency noxious stimulus. Aftersensations (ASs) are pain sensations that remain after TSSP has been induced. We examined the within-session and across-session variabil...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S18105
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Japan, there are limited options for switching opioid analgesics. Hydromorphone is an opioid analgesic that is routinely used instead of morphine for cancer pain; however, it is not yet available in Japan. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of hydromorphone (DS-7113b) extended-rel...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S136937
更新日期:2017-08-18 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Pancreatic cancer is a malignant disease with a high mortality rate and severe pain that is challenging to manage. To reduce the excruciating abdominal pain, opioids and adjuvant agents are conventionally used. Objectives:PRNCPB is a treatment of neural therapy. The number of studies assessing the effect on...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S186659
更新日期:2019-01-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Waiting list management at chronic pain clinics has become a serious problem throughout Canada. We analyzed the waiting list at the Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Pain Centre. METHODS:The present study is an observational, prospective study. We used a specifically designed survey ques...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S46118
更新日期:2013-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose: Thirty percent of patients with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) receiving conservative treatment report unsatisfactory pain relief. Epidural steroid injections (ESIs) are commonly used as a therapeutic intervention in these patients. In this study, we aimed to determine if there are variables that predict the ef...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S190646
更新日期:2019-04-23 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Effective postoperative pain management is crucial in the care of surgical patients. Opioids, which are commonly used in managing postoperative pain, have a potential for tolerance and addiction, along with sedating side effects. Gabapentin's use as a multimodal analgesic regimen to treat neuropathic pain ha...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S112626
更新日期:2016-09-12 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Thoracoscopic surgery (TS) has been performed as a minimally invasive procedure since the beginning of the 1990s. This has led to a dramatic change in the postoperative condition of these patients, facilitating early ambulation and easier management of postoperative pain. However, empirical evidence on posto...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S147691
更新日期:2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to examine the health and economic burden associated with fibromyalgia among adults in Japan. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Data from the 2011-2014 Japan National Health and Wellness Survey (n=115,271), a nationally representative survey of adults, were analyzed. The greedy matching algorithm...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S110707
更新日期:2016-11-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several studies have illustrated that multisite pain is more frequent than single pain site, and it is associated with an array of negative consequences. However, there is limited knowledge available about the potential factors associated with multisite pain in the elderly general population. OBJECTIVE:This...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S143060
更新日期:2017-08-23 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) in patients with headache. BACKGROUND:Migraine is one of the most common and disabling medical conditions. It affects more than 15% of the general population, causing high ...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2147/JPR.S130501
更新日期:2017-03-14 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Frequent chronic local pain can develop into chronic widespread pain (CWP). The spread of pain is correlated with pain intensity, anxiety, and depression, conditions that ultimately lead to a poor quality of life. Knowledge is incomplete about CWP's etiology, although it has been suggested that both centra...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S125667
更新日期:2017-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) represents significant burdens to many patients and the public health-care system. Patients with diabetes in rural areas have higher risk of developing complications and having less access to proper treatment. We studied a rural population of patients with diabetes who attended a p...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S129139
更新日期:2017-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Chronic neuropathic pain (NP) is a complex disease that results from damage or presumed damage to the somatosensory nervous system. Current treatment regimens are often ineffective. The major impediment in developing effective treatments is our limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Preclinica...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S209657
更新日期:2019-08-02 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Since receiving a warning from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) about injection of corticosteroids into the epidural space having serious adverse events, we have sought alternative medications for injection at this site. Hyaluronic acid (HA) has anti-adhesive, anti-inflammatory, and lubricating propert...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S122861
更新日期:2017-01-25 00:00:00
abstract:Aim:In chronic pain, habituation is believed to be impaired, and pain hypervigilance can enhance the pain experience. The goal of this study was to determine whether pain hypervigilance further worsens habituation of event-related potentials, measured in a pain-rating protocol of 25 painful somatosensory electrical sti...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S146916
更新日期:2018-02-19 00:00:00
abstract:Background:It has been reported that N-cadherin and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in the spinal cord are critical for synaptogenesis and regulation of excitatory synapse function, which could underlie chronic pain development. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of spinal N-cadherin/...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S267778
更新日期:2020-08-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It has been demonstrated that N-ethyl-lidocaine (QX-314) can target the transient receptor protein vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) nociceptors when coadministered with capsaicin, resulting in a selective block of the nociceptors. Capsaicin is problematic in therapeutic use because it induces firing of nociceptors. The p...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S41614
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with chronic non-malignant pain report impairments of physical, social, and psychological well-being. The goal of pain management should include reducing pain and improving quality of life. Patients with chronic pain require medications that are able to provide adequate pain relief, have minimum dosing interv...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2147/JPR.S49502
更新日期:2014-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::Paced breathing has shown efficacy in fibromyalgia (FM), but the mechanisms associated with symptom change are largely unknown. We investigated whether changes in respiratory rate (RR) alone resulted in autonomic changes during normal, paced, and mechanically assisted breathing in untrained FM patients and controls. P...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S139642
更新日期:2017-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The ability to accurately diagnose and objectively localize pain generators in chronic pain sufferers remains a major clinical challenge since assessment relies on subjective patient complaints and relatively non-specific diagnostic tools. Developments in clinical molecular imaging, including advances in ima...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type:
doi:10.2147/JPR.S167839
更新日期:2018-10-12 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Chronic neuropathic pain and chronic complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), in particular, are debilitating and difficult-to-treat conditions that have a strong impact on patient's quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 5% lidocaine-medicated plaster as add-on therapy in ...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S113517
更新日期:2016-10-06 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) is the short-term reduction of pain sensitivity after a single bout of exercise. Descending pain inhibition has been proposed to at least partly underlie EIH. Cognitive inhibition is the ability to inhibit a pre-potent response and has in turn been associated with descending p...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S238718
更新日期:2020-04-29 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Epidural analgesia provides safe and effective labor pain relief. However, labor episodic pain can occur during epidural analgesia, requiring epidural top-ups, and may result in decreased patient satisfaction. The primary aim of our study was to investigate the factors associated with labor episodic pain during...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S185073
更新日期:2019-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To characterize the steady-state pharmacokinetic profile of hydromorphone extended-release (ER) in patients with chronic pain taking concomitant medications. METHODS:This open-label repeat-dose study enrolled 22 patients (mean age, 51.4 years; 81.8% female). All patients were receiving at least one concomita...
journal_title:Journal of pain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2147/JPR.S33807
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00