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Association of Bystander and First-Responder Efforts and Outcomes According to Sex: Results From the North Carolina HeartRescue Statewide Quality Improvement Initiative.

Abstract：

:Background The Institute of Medicine has called for actions to understand and target sex-related differences in care and outcomes for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. We assessed changes in bystander and first-responder interventions and outcomes for males versus females after statewide efforts to improve cardiac arrest care. Methods and Results We identified out-of-hospital cardiac arrests from North Carolina (2010-2014) through the CARES (Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival) registry. Outcomes for men versus women were examined through multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusted for (1) nonmodifiable factors (age, witnessed status, and initial heart rhythm) and (2) nonmodifiable plus modifiable factors (bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation before emergency medical services), including interactions between sex and time (ie, year and year2). Of 8100 patients, 38.1% were women. From 2010 to 2014, there was an increase in bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (men, 40.5%-50.6%; women, 35.3%-51.8%; P for each <0.0001) and in the combination of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and first-responder defibrillation (men, 15.8%-23.0%, P=0.007; women, 8.5%-23.7%, P=0.004). From 2010 to 2014, the unadjusted predicted probability of favorable neurologic outcome was higher and increased more for men (men, from 6.5% [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.1-8.0] to 9.7% [95% CI, 8.1-11.3]; women, from 6.3% [95% CI, 4.4-8.3] to 7.4% [95% CI, 5.5-9.3%]); while adjusted for nonmodifiable factors, it was slightly higher but with a nonsignificant increase for women (from 9.2% [95% CI, 6.8-11.8] to 10.2% [95% CI, 8.0-12.5]; men, from 5.8% [95% CI, 4.6-7.0] to 8.4% [95% CI, 7.1-9.7]). Adding bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation before EMS (modifiable factors) did not substantially change the results. Conclusions Bystander and first-responder interventions increased for men and women, but outcomes improved significantly only for men. Additional strategies may be necessary to improve survival among female cardiac arrest patients.

journal_name

J Am Heart Assoc

journal_title

Journal of the American Heart Association

authors

Malta Hansen C,Kragholm K,Dupre ME,Pearson DA,Tyson C,Monk L,Rea TD,Starks MA,Nelson D,Jollis JG,McNally B,Corbett CM,Granger CB

doi

10.1161/JAHA.118.009873

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-09-18 00:00:00

pages

e009873

issue

issn

2047-9980

journal_volume

pub_type

杂志文章,多中心研究

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Association of Bystander and First-Responder Efforts and Outcomes According to Sex: Results From the North Carolina HeartRescue Statewide Quality Improvement Initiative.