Abstract:
BACKGROUND:While data from several studies over the last decade has demonstrated that introduction of immunologic checkpoint blockage therapy with anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 drugs leads to improved survival in metastatic melanoma patients, relatively little is known about brain-specific therapeutic response and adverse events in the context of immunotherapeutic treatment of intracranial disease. Here we report two independent cases of new intracranial metastases presenting after initiation of combined checkpoint blockade Ipilimumab and Nivolumab for recurrent metastatic melanoma in the context of positive systemic disease response. CASE PRESENTATION:Case #1: A 43-year-old Caucasian male with Stage III melanoma of the left knee had subsequent nodal, hepatic and osseous metastases and was started on ipilimumab/nivolumab. He developed an intractable headache one week later. MRI revealed new enhancing and hemorrhagic brain metastases. After 6 weeks of immunotherapy, there was interval hemorrhage of a dominant intracranial lesion but substantial improvement in systemic metastatic disease. Durable, near complete intracranial and systemic response was achieved after completion of both induction and maintenance immunotherapy. Case #2: A 58-year old Caucasian woman with stage II melanoma of the right index finger developed cutaneous, pulmonary and hepatic metastases within 4 months of adjuvant radiation. Although combined checkpoint blockade resulted in improvement in both cutaneous and systemic disease, brain MR performed for eye discomfort demonstrated new enhancing and hemorrhagic brain metastases. Serial MR imaging five months later revealed only a solitary focus of brain enhancement with continued improved systemic disease. CONCLUSIONS:These cases raise the question of whether the initial immune activation and modulation of the blood brain barrier by Ipilimumab/Nivolumab somehow "unmasks" previously clinically silent metastatic disease, rather than representing new or progressive metastatic disease. An overview of currently available literature discussing the role of immune checkpoint blockade in the treatment of intracranial metastatic melanoma will be provided, as well as discussion highlighting the need for future work elucidating the response of brain metastases to anti-CTLA/PD-1 drugs and documentation of brain-specific adverse events.
journal_name
BMC Cancerjournal_title
BMC cancerauthors
McDonald MA,Sanghvi P,Bykowski J,Daniels GAdoi
10.1186/s12885-018-4470-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-05-09 00:00:00pages
549issue
1issn
1471-2407pii
10.1186/s12885-018-4470-yjournal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
BMC CANCER文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND:Aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C family member 3 (AKR1C3), one of four identified human AKR1C enzymes, catalyzes steroid, prostaglandin, and xenobiotic metabolism. In the prostate, AKR1C3 is up-regulated in localized and advanced prostate adenocarcinoma, and is associated with prostate cancer (PCa) aggressivenes...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-10-672
更新日期:2010-12-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hypoxia is often encountered in solid tumors and known to contribute to aggressive tumor behavior, radiation- and chemotherapy resistance resulting in a poor prognosis for the cancer patient. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in the regulation of the tumor cell response to hypoxia, however, not much is known ab...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-429
更新日期:2014-06-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Natural killer (NK) cell dysfunction following cancer surgery has been shown to promote metastases. Recent studies demonstrate an emerging role for lipids in the modulation of NK cell innate responses. However, the mechanisms involved in lipid modulation of NK cell postoperative anti-tumor function are unkno...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12885-019-6045-y
更新日期:2019-08-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Prenylated Rab acceptor 1 domain family, member 2 (PRAF2) is involved in the occurrence and progression of several malignant tumors. However, its potential role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is still unknown. METHODS:PRAF2 mRNA expression was determined in 77 frozen ESCC samples by quantitati...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12885-019-5818-7
更新日期:2019-06-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:RNA from exosomes and other microvesicles contain transcripts of tumour origin. In this study we sought to identify biomarkers of glioblastoma multiforme in microvesicle RNA from serum of affected patients. METHODS:Microvesicle RNA from serum from patients with de-novo primary glioblastoma multiforme (N = 9...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-12-22
更新日期:2012-01-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a simple marker of the systemic inflammatory response in critical care patients, has been suggested as an independent prognostic factor for several solid malignancies. We investigated the utility of pretreatment NLR as a prognosticator in patients who presented with ...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2134-3
更新日期:2016-02-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Primary treatment of carcinoma of the oro-/hypopharynx or larynx may consist of combined platinum-containing chemoradiotherapy. In order to improve clinical outcome (i.e. local control/overall survival), combined therapy is intensified by the addition of the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab (Erbitux®). Radiation the...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-10-651
更新日期:2010-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article. ...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1186/s12885-020-07245-x
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During the last two decades the use of laparoscopic resection and a multimodal approach known as an enhanced recovery programme, have been major changes in colorectal perioperative care. Clinical outcome improves using laparoscopic surgery to resect colorectal cancer but until recently no multicentre trial e...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-12-181
更新日期:2012-05-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A recent genome wide case-control association study identified NuMA region on 11q13 as a candidate locus for breast cancer susceptibility. Specifically, the variant Ala794Gly was suggested to be associated with increased risk of breast cancer. METHODS:In order to evaluate the NuMa gene for breast cancer sus...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-71
更新日期:2008-03-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Apatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR-2). This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of apatinib in patients with non-triple-negative metastatic breast cancer who had received prior chemotherapy for their metastatic disease. MET...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-820
更新日期:2014-11-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many studies have combined sorafenib with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) to treat patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the results are disputable. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of the combination treatment in patients with advan...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3707-5
更新日期:2017-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas are malignant tumors arising from the intrahepatic biliary tract. The pathogenesis of these tumors remains unknown. Although there is a marked global variation in prevalence, some recent studies have suggested an increase in mortality from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in s...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-2-10
更新日期:2002-05-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered as one of the most aggressive cancers lacking efficient early detection biomarkers. Circulating miRNAs are now being considered to have potency to be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in different diseases as well as cancers. In case of cancer,...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1186/s12885-019-6380-z
更新日期:2019-12-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To date, no single colorectal cancer (CRC) screening strategy has been determined to be applicable worldwide. In China, a CRC screening protocol that combines double fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) and a high-risk factor questionnaire (HRFQ) as the first stage of screening and colonoscopy as the second sta...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12885-018-5191-y
更新日期:2019-01-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cell migration and invasion are essential processes for metastatic dissemination of cancer cells. Significant progress has been made in developing new therapies against oncogenic signaling to eliminate cancer cells and shrink tumors. However, inherent heterogeneity and treatment-induced adaptation to drugs c...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12885-019-6479-2
更新日期:2020-01-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Understanding the complex, multistep process of metastasis remains a major challenge in cancer research. Metastasis models can reveal insights in tumor development and progression and provide tools to test new intervention strategies. METHODS:To develop a new cancer metastasis model, we used DU145 human pro...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-387
更新日期:2014-05-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Gastric cancer is a considerable burden for worldwide patients. And diffuse gastric cancer is the most insidious subgroup with poor survival. The phenotypic characterization of the diffuse gastric cancer cell line can be useful for gastric cancer researchers. In this article, we aimed to characterize the dif...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12885-020-06814-4
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:BCA2 is an E3 ligase linked with hormone responsive breast cancers. We have demonstrated previously that the RING E3 ligase BCA2 has autoubiquitination activity and is a very unstable protein. Previously, only Rab7, tetherin, ubiquitin and UBC9 were known to directly interact with BCA2. METHODS:Here, additi...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-12-63
更新日期:2012-02-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effectiveness of cervical cancer screening programs is challenged by suboptimal participation and coverage. Offering cervico-vaginal self-sampling for human papillomavirus testing (HPV self-sampling) to non-participants can increase screening participation. However, the effect varies substantially among ...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2859-z
更新日期:2016-11-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Free flap-mediated gene therapy in the tumor bed following surgical resection is a promising approach in cancer targeted treatment of residual disease. We investigated the selective killing efficacy of a lentivirus-mediated cytosine deaminase-thymidine kinase (CDglyTK) gene in transplanted breast cancer deli...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12885-019-6111-5
更新日期:2019-09-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and prognostic value of disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow of breast carcinoma patients with early disease, and to analyze this finding in relation to lymph node involvement, determined by sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy analysis, and to prognostic...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-11-252
更新日期:2011-06-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The nucleic acid mutation status in intracranial metastasis is markedly significant clinically. The goal of the current study was to explore whether the tumor-associated mutations can be detected by different next-generation sequencing (NGS) pipelines in paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma samples fr...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12885-019-5348-3
更新日期:2019-02-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The nucleoside analog, ARC (NSC 188491) is a recently characterized transcriptional inhibitor that selectively kills cancer cells and has the ability to perturb angiogenesis in vitro. In this study, the mechanism of action of ARC was further investigated by comparing in vitro and in vivo activity with other ...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-9-63
更新日期:2009-02-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Survival rates for upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancer are poor since many are diagnosed at advanced stages. Fast track endoscopy has been introduced to prompt diagnosis for patients with alarm symptoms that could be indicative of upper GI cancer. However, these symptoms may represent benign conditions and li...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12885-018-4376-8
更新日期:2018-04-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Plenty of studies have demonstrated the prognostic value of various inflammation-based indexes in cancer. This study was designed to investigate the prognostic value of the C-reactive protein/albumin (CRP/Alb) ratio in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS:A retrospective study of 423 cases with newly...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1379-6
更新日期:2015-05-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The transient receptor potential, subfamily V, member 6 (TRPV6) is a Ca(2+) selective cation channel. Several studies have shown that TRPV6 transcripts are expressed in locally advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma, metastatic and androgen-insensitive prostatic lesions but are undetectable in healthy prostate ti...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-9-380
更新日期:2009-10-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:No scientific consensus has been reached on whether active tobacco smoking causes breast cancer. We examine the association between active smoking and breast cancer risk in Denmark, which has some of the highest smoking and breast cancer rates in women worldwide. METHODS:We used the data from a nationwide D...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3546-4
更新日期:2017-08-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Malignant melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer, and despite recent advances in treatment, the survival rate of the metastatic form remains low. Nifuroxazide analogues are drugs based on the substitution of the nitrofuran group by benzofuroxan, in view of the pharmacophore similarity of the nitro gro...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1835-3
更新日期:2015-10-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Accurate assessment of HER-2/neu status is crucial for proper prognostic information and to offer direct appropriate treatment for breast cancer patients. Next to immunohistochemistry (IHC) to evaluate HER2 protein overexpression, a second line gene amplification test is generally deemed necessary for cases ...
journal_title:BMC cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2407-9-4
更新日期:2009-01-05 00:00:00