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Callous-unemotional traits and brain structure: Sex-specific effects in anterior insula of typically-developing youths.

Abstract：

:Callous-unemotional traits are characterized by a lack of empathy, a disregard for others' feelings and shallow or deficient affect, such as a lack of remorse or guilt. Neuroanatomical correlates of callous-unemotional traits have been demonstrated in clinical samples (i.e., adolescents with disruptive behavior disorders). However, it is unknown whether callous-unemotional traits are associated with neuroanatomical correlates within normative populations without clinical levels of aggression or antisocial behavior. Here we investigated the relationship between callous-unemotional traits and gray matter volume using voxel-based morphometry in a large sample of typically-developing boys and girls (N = 189). Whole-brain multiple regression analyses controlling for site, total intracranial volume, and age were conducted in the whole sample and in boys and girls individually. Results revealed that sex and callous-unemotional traits interacted to predict gray matter volume when considering the whole sample. This interaction was driven by a significant positive correlation between callous-unemotional traits and bilateral anterior insula volume in boys, but not girls. Insula gray matter volume explained 19% of the variance in callous-unemotional traits for boys. Our results demonstrate that callous-unemotional traits are related to variations in brain structure beyond psychiatric samples. This association was observed for boys only, underlining the importance of considering sex as a factor in future research designs. Future longitudinal studies should determine whether these findings hold over childhood and adolescence, and whether the neuroanatomical correlates of callous-unemotional traits are predictive of future psychiatric vulnerability. General scientific summary:This study suggests that callous-unemotional traits have a neuroanatomical correlate within typically developing boys, but not girls. Bilateral anterior insula volume explains up to 19% of the variance in callous-unemotional traits in boys.

journal_name

Neuroimage Clin

journal_title

NeuroImage. Clinical

authors

Raschle NM,Menks WM,Fehlbaum LV,Steppan M,Smaragdi A,Gonzalez-Madruga K,Rogers J,Clanton R,Kohls G,Martinelli A,Bernhard A,Konrad K,Herpertz-Dahlmann B,Freitag CM,Fairchild G,De Brito SA,Stadler C

doi

10.1016/j.nicl.2017.12.015

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-12-09 00:00:00

pages

856-864

issn

2213-1582

pii

S2213-1582(17)30320-0

journal_volume

17

pub_type

杂志文章,多中心研究

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