Interventions targeted at women to encourage the uptake of cervical screening.

abstract：BACKGROUND:The need for sedation for neonates undergoing uncomfortable procedures in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) has often been overlooked. Proper sedation may reduce stress and avoid complications during procedures such as mechanical ventilation. Midazolam is a short acting benzodiazepine that has been inc...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ng E,Taddio A,Ohlsson A

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is a wide geographical variation in asthma prevalence and one explanation may be in dietary salt consumption. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effect of dietary sodium reduction in patients with asthma. SEARCH STRATEGY:A search was conducted using the Cochrane Airways Group asthma register. Bibliographies of...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ardern KD,Ram FS

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal and physiological research as well as observational studies suggest that antioxidant supplements may improve survival. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effect of antioxidant supplements on mortality in primary or secondary prevention randomised clinical trials. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched The Cochrane Libra...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Bjelakovic G,Nikolova D,Gluud LL,Simonetti RG,Gluud C

更新日期：2008-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Researchers have suggested that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from oily fish (long-chain omega-3 (LCn3), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)), as well as from plants (alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)) benefit cardiovascular health. Guidelines recommend increasing omega-3-rich...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Abdelhamid AS,Brown TJ,Brainard JS,Biswas P,Thorpe GC,Moore HJ,Deane KH,AlAbdulghafoor FK,Summerbell CD,Worthington HV,Song F,Hooper L

更新日期：2018-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Laetrile is an unconventional therapy which has been used illegally for decades by cancer patients who together with some alternative therapists claim its effectiveness as an anti-cancer treatment. It has been often referred to as amygdalin, although the two are not the same. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this revi...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Milazzo S,Ernst E,Lejeune S,Schmidt K

更新日期：2006-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Trachoma is the world's leading cause of preventable blindness. In 1997 the World Health Organization launched an initiative on trachoma control based on the 'SAFE' strategy (surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness and environmental improvement). OBJECTIVES:The aim of this review is to assess the evidence ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Mabey D,Fraser-Hurt N

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. Currently there are two surgical options for potentially curable patients (i.e. people with non-metastatic gastric cancer), laparoscopic and open gastrectomy. However, it is not clear whether one of these options is super...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Best LM,Mughal M,Gurusamy KS

更新日期：2016-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Plague is a severe disease associated with high mortality. Late diagnosis leads to advance stage of the disease with worse outcomes and higher risk of spread of the disease. A rapid diagnostic test (RDT) could help in establishing a prompt diagnosis of plague. This would improve patient care and help appropr...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Jullien S,Dissanayake HA,Chaplin M

更新日期：2020-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cancer patients are 1.4 times more likely to be unemployed than healthy people. Therefore it is important to provide cancer patients with programmes to support the return-to-work (RTW) process. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2011. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effectiveness of interv...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： de Boer AG,Taskila TK,Tamminga SJ,Feuerstein M,Frings-Dresen MH,Verbeek JH

更新日期：2015-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In neovascular age-related macular degeneration, new vessels grow under the retina, distorting vision and leading to scarring. This is further exacerbated if the blood vessels leak. Photodynamic therapy, originally used in cancer treatment, has been investigated as a way to treat the neovascular membranes wi...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wormald R,Evans J,Smeeth L,Henshaw K

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chest radiography is widely used in children with acute lower respiratory infections, but the benefits are unknown. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of chest radiography for children with acute lower respiratory infections. SEARCH STRATEGY:The searches were updated in November 2004. We searched the Cochran...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Swingler GH,Zwarenstein M

更新日期：2005-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a critical condition that is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Aerosolized prostacyclin has been used to improve oxygenation despite the limited evidence available so far.This review was originally published in 2010 and updated in 2017. OBJECTIVES:To...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Afshari A,Bastholm Bille A,Allingstrup M

更新日期：2017-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) comprise a large and heterogeneous group of infections including bacterial, viral and other aetiologies. In recent years, procalcitonin - the prohormone of calcitonin - has emerged as a promising marker for the diagnosis of bacterial infections and for improving decisions ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Schuetz P,Müller B,Christ-Crain M,Stolz D,Tamm M,Bouadma L,Luyt CE,Wolff M,Chastre J,Tubach F,Kristoffersen KB,Burkhardt O,Welte T,Schroeder S,Nobre V,Wei L,Bhatnagar N,Bucher HC,Briel M

更新日期：2012-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Preterm infants experience a range of morbidity related to the immaturity of their organ systems and to concurrent disease states. An unfavourable environment in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) may compound this morbidity. Modification of the environment could minimize the iatrogenic effects. Develop...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Symington A,Pinelli J

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Mefloquine is one of four antimalarial agents commonly recommended for preventing malaria in travellers to malaria-endemic areas. Despite its high efficacy, there is controversy about its psychological side effects. OBJECTIVES:To summarize the efficacy and safety of mefloquine used as prophylaxis for malari...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Tickell-Painter M,Maayan N,Saunders R,Pace C,Sinclair D

更新日期：2017-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute paralysing disease caused by peripheral nerve inflammation. This is an update of a review first published in 2001 and last updated in 2012. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of plasma exchange for treating GBS. SEARCH METHODS:On 18 January 2016 we searched the Cochr...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Chevret S,Hughes RA,Annane D

更新日期：2017-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Ileocolic anastomoses are commonly performed for right-sided colon cancer and Crohn's disease. The anastomosis may be constructed using a linear cutter stapler or by suturing. Individual trials comparing stapled versus handsewn ileocolic anastomoses have found little difference in the complication rate but t...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Choy PY,Bissett IP,Docherty JG,Parry BR,Merrie A,Fitzgerald A

更新日期：2011-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is caused by various pathogens, traditionally divided into 'typical' and 'atypical'. Initial antibiotic treatment of CAP is usually empirical, customarily covering both typical and atypical pathogens. To date, no sufficient evidence exists to support this broad coverage, wh...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Eliakim-Raz N,Robenshtok E,Shefet D,Gafter-Gvili A,Vidal L,Paul M,Leibovici L

更新日期：2012-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Breathlessness is one of the most common symptoms experienced in the advanced stages of malignant and non-malignant disease. Benzodiazepines are widely used for the relief of breathlessness in advanced diseases and are regularly recommended in the literature. However, the evidence for their use for this symp...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Simon ST,Higginson IJ,Booth S,Harding R,Bausewein C

更新日期：2010-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Peripheral nerve block (infiltration of local anaesthetic around a nerve) is used for anaesthesia or analgesia. A limitation to its use for postoperative analgesia is that the analgesic effect lasts only a few hours, after which moderate to severe pain at the surgical site may result in the need for alternat...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Pehora C,Pearson AM,Kaushal A,Crawford MW,Johnston B

更新日期：2017-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Systemic androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), also referred to as hormone therapy,àhas long been the primary treatment for metastatic prostate cancer. Additional agents have been reserved for the castrate-resistant disease stage when ADT start becoming less effective. Abiraterone is an agent with an establi...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Sathianathen NJ,Oestreich MC,Brown SJ,Gupta S,Konety BR,Dahm P,Kunath F

更新日期：2020-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cancer increases the risk of thromboembolic events in patients including those receiving anticoagulation treatments. OBJECTIVES:To compare the efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and oral anticoagulants for the long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cance...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Akl EA,Kahale L,Barba M,Neumann I,Labedi N,Terrenato I,Sperati F,Muti P,Schünemann H

更新日期：2014-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Compared to patients without cancer, patients with cancer who receive anticoagulant treatment for venous thromboembolism are more likely to develop recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE). OBJECTIVES:To compare the efficacy and safety of three types of parenteral anticoagulants for the initial treatment of V...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Akl EA,Vasireddi SR,Gunukula S,Barba M,Sperati F,Terrenato I,Muti P,Schünemann H

更新日期：2011-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Urinary incontinence can affect 40-60% of people admitted to hospital after a stroke, with 25% still having problems on hospital discharge and 15% remaining incontinent at one year. OBJECTIVES:To determine the optimal methods for treatment of urinary incontinence after stroke in adults. SEARCH STRATEGY:We ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Thomas LH,Cross S,Barrett J,French B,Leathley M,Sutton CJ,Watkins C

更新日期：2008-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are very effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA), however there is a lack of head-to-head comparison studies. OBJECTIVES:To compare the efficacy and safety of abatacept, adalimumab, anakinra, etanercept, infliximab, and rituximab in patien...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Singh JA,Christensen R,Wells GA,Suarez-Almazor ME,Buchbinder R,Lopez-Olivo MA,Tanjong Ghogomu E,Tugwell P

更新日期：2009-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Riluzole has been approved for treatment of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in most countries. Questions persist about its clinical utility because of high cost and modest efficacy. OBJECTIVES:To examine the efficacy of riluzole in prolonging survival, and in delaying the use of surrogates (trac...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Miller RG,Mitchell JD,Lyon M,Moore DH

更新日期：2007-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Elevated levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein play an important role in the development of atheromas and, therefore, in cardiovascular diseases. Cholesterol biosynthesis follows a circadian rhythm and is principally produced at night (between 12:00 am and 6:00 am). The adjustment of hypoli...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Izquierdo-Palomares JM,Fernandez-Tabera JM,Plana MN,Añino Alba A,Gómez Álvarez P,Fernandez-Esteban I,Saiz LC,Martin-Carrillo P,Pinar López Ó

更新日期：2016-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Lobeline is a partial nicotine agonist, which has been used in a variety of commercially available preparations to help stop smoking. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the effects of lobeline on long term smoking cessation. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Grou...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Stead LF,Hughes JR

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nutritional support in the critically ill child has not been well investigated and is a controversial topic within paediatric intensive care. There are no clear guidelines as to the best form or timing of nutrition in critically ill infants and children. This is an update of a review that was originally publ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Joffe A,Anton N,Lequier L,Vandermeer B,Tjosvold L,Larsen B,Hartling L

更新日期：2016-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Peripheral arterial disease is a major health problem, and in about 1% to 2% of patients the disease progresses to critical limb ischaemia (CLI). In a substantial number of patients with CLI, no effective treatment option other than amputation is available and around a quarter of these patients will require ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Moazzami K,Moazzami B,Roohi A,Nedjat S,Dolmatova E

更新日期：2014-12-19 00:00:00