Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Small mammals are crucial for the life history of ixodid ticks, but their role and importance in the transmission cycle of tick-borne pathogens is mostly unknown. Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis (CNM) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum are both tick-borne pathogens, and rodents are discussed to serve as main reservoir hosts for CNM but not for the latter especially in Germany. Analysing the prevalence of both pathogens in small mammals and their ticks in endemic regions may help to elucidate possible transmission paths in small mammal populations and between small mammals and ticks. METHODS:In 2012 and 2013, small mammals were trapped at three different sites in Germany. DNA was extracted from different small mammal tissues, from rodent neonates, foetuses and from questing and attached ticks. DNA samples were tested for CNM and A. phagocytophilum by real-time PCR. Samples positive for A. phagocytophilum were further characterized at the 16S rRNA gene locus. RESULTS:CNM was detected in 28.6% of small mammals and in 2.2% of questing and 3.8% of attached ticks. Altogether 33 positive ticks were attached to 17 different hosts, while positive ticks per host ranged between one and seven. The prevalences for this pathogen differed significantly within small mammal populations comparing sites (χ(2): 13.3987; p: 0.0004) and between sexes. Male rodents had an approximately two times higher chance of infection than females (OR: 1.9652; 95% CI: 1.32-2.92). The prevalence for CNM was 31.8% (95% CI: 22-44) in rodent foetuses and neonates (23 of 67) from positive dams, and 60% (95% CI: 35.7-80.25) of positive gravid or recently parturient rodents (9 out of 15) had at least one positive foetus or neonate. Anaplasma phagocytophilum was detected at a low percentage in rodents (0-5.6%) and host-attached ticks (0.5-2.9%) with no significant differences between rodent species. However, attached nymphs were significantly more often infected than attached larvae (χ(2): 25.091; p: <0.0001). CONCLUSION:This study suggests that CNM is mainly a rodent-associated pathogen and provides evidence for a potential transplacental transmission in rodents. In contrast, most of the rodent species captured likely represent only accidental hosts for A. phagocytophilum at the investigated sites.
journal_name
Parasit Vectorsjournal_title
Parasites & vectorsauthors
Obiegala A,Pfeffer M,Pfister K,Tiedemann T,Thiel C,Balling A,Karnath C,Woll D,Silaghi Cdoi
10.1186/s13071-014-0563-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-12-04 00:00:00pages
563issn
1756-3305pii
s13071-014-0563-xjournal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:With the rapid spread of pyrethroid resistance in the main malaria vectors from Benin and the various resistance mechanisms involved (metabolic resistance and knock-down resistance (kdr), it is important to foresee effective resistance management strategies. Thus, the knowledge of the insensitive acetylcholi...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-274
更新日期:2013-09-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leishmania infantum and Toxoplasma gondii are protozoa with zoonotic and economic importance. Prevalences of antibodies to these agents were assessed in 173 horses from the north of Portugal. FINDINGS:Antibodies to L. infantum were detected by the direct agglutination test (DAT); seven (4.0%) horses were se...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-178
更新日期:2013-06-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The role of endemic murid rodents as hosts of arthropod vectors of diseases of medical and veterinary significance is well established in the northern hemisphere. In contrast, endemic murids are comparatively understudied as vector hosts in Africa, particularly in South Africa. Considering the great rodent d...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-366
更新日期:2014-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mutation of the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene, or knockdown resistance (kdr) gene, is an important resistance mechanism against DDT and pyrethroids for dengue vector Aedes albopictus. A phenylalanine to serine (F1534S), leucine (F1534L) and cysteine (F1534C) substitution were detected in many Ae. ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3829-5
更新日期:2019-12-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The cysteine proteinases in papaya latex have been shown to have potent anthelmintic properties in monogastric hosts such as rodents, pigs and humans, but this has not been demonstrated in ruminants. METHODS:In two experiments, sheep were infected concurrently with 5,000 infective larvae of Haemonchus conto...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-36
更新日期:2011-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The spread of vector-borne diseases to new regions has become a global threat due to climate change, increasing traffic, and movement of people and animals. Dirofilaria repens, the canine subcutaneous filarioid nematode, has expanded its distribution range northward during the last decades. The northernmost ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2499-4
更新日期:2017-11-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Coccidiosis due to Eimeria spp. infections in lambs causes increased mortality and substantial production losses, and anticoccidials are important for control of the infection. Anticoccidial resistance has been reported in poultry and swine, and we recently described reduced toltrazuril efficacy in ovine Eim...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2976-4
更新日期:2018-07-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anopheles barbirostris sensu lato belongs to the Barbirostris subgroup of the subgenus Anopheles that is distributed in Southeast Asia. Different molecular forms have been identified based on the rDNA-ITS2 and mtDNA-COI sequences. Anopheles barbirostris occurs in China. The species status was uncertain due t...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0592-5
更新日期:2014-12-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The present study was conducted to investigate the serological survey of Toxoplasma antibodies in local.horses from three major regions: a neighbourhood of a city in the North (Sidi Thabet), a neighbourhood of a city on the coast (Monastir) and a neighbourhood of a city in the middle (Battan) of Tunisia (Nor...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-218
更新日期:2011-11-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An active immune surveillance and a range of barriers to infection allow the host to effectively eliminate microbial pathogens. However, pathogens may use diverse strategies to subdue such host defences. For instance, one such mechanism is the use of leucine-rich repeat (LRR) proteins by pathogens (microbial...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1842-5
更新日期:2016-10-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Abiotic conditions provide cues that drive tick questing activity. Defining these cues is critical in predicting biting risk, and in forecasting climate change impacts on tick populations. This is particularly important for Ixodes ricinus nymphs, the vector of numerous pathogens affecting humans. METHODS:A ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1092-y
更新日期:2015-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Presently, 45% of the total human population of Europe, as well as their domestic and companion animals, are exposed to the risk of vector-borne helminths (VBH) causing diseases. A plethora of intrinsic biological and extrinsic factors affect the relationship among helminths, vectors and animal hosts, in a constantly ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-16
更新日期:2013-01-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonosis, being a cause of congenital disease and abortion in animals and humans. DNA vaccination as a promising vaccine remains a challenge for an improved delivery system. METHODS:In this study, attenuated Salmonella typhimurium BRD509 was used to deliver a DNA vaccine encodi...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-145
更新日期:2014-03-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Canine filarioids are important nematodes transmitted to dogs by arthropods. Diagnosis of canine filariosis is accomplished by the microscopic identification of microfilariae, serology or PCR for filarial-DNA. The aim of this study was to evaluate a molecular assay for the detection of canine filariae in dog...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0783-8
更新日期:2015-03-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Porcine cysticercosis is an emerging agricultural problem in sub-Saharan Africa. This has been documented primarily through cross-sectional studies, however detailed knowledge of the transmission dynamics of this disease in sub-Saharan Africa is lacking. This study aims to describe seasonal variations in ser...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0574-7
更新日期:2014-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The application of the sterile insect technique (SIT) requires mass-production of sterile males of good biological quality. The size of the project area will in most cases determine whether it is more cost effective to produce the sterile flies locally (and invest in a mass-rearing facility) or import the st...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0869-3
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Following the recent discovery of the role of Anopheles rufipes Gough, 1910 in human malaria transmission in the northern savannah of Cameroon, we report here additional information on its feeding and resting habits and its susceptibility to the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin. METHODS:From 2011 to 2015...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2809-5
更新日期:2018-04-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During a Plasmodium infection, exposure of human host immune cells to both the asexual and the sexual stages of the parasite elicit immune responses. These responses may be protective and prevent the development of high parasitaemia and its associated clinical symptoms, or block the transmission of malaria t...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2607-5
更新日期:2018-01-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rhipicephalus microplus is an efficient biological vector of Babesia bovis, a causative agent of bovine babesiosis. Babesia bovis is passed transovarially to the next generation of ticks, which then transmit the parasite to naïve animals. Due to the importance of the R. microplus ovary for tick reproduction ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3270-1
更新日期:2019-01-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Culex pipiens pipiens plays an important role in the transmission of several vector-borne pathogens such as West Nile virus (WNV) in North America. Laboratory and field studies suggest that this species is ornithophilic but because of genetic hybridization with sibling species during the active mosquito seas...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1012-1
更新日期:2015-07-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The preventive effect of fluralaner spot-on solution against transmission of Babesia canis by Dermacentor reticulatus ticks was evaluated. FINDINGS:Sixteen dogs, tested negative for B. canis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunofluorescence assay test (IFAT), were allocated to two study groups. On d...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1481-x
更新日期:2016-05-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Soil-transmitted helminthiases are important neglected tropical diseases that result in a notably high number of disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Characterizing the interactions between the human intestinal microbiome and helminths is of interest in the development of alternative treatments that do ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-021-04580-1
更新日期:2021-01-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The diversity of malaria vector populations, expressing various resistance and/or behavioural patterns could explain the reduced effectiveness of vector control interventions reported in some African countries. A better understanding of the ecology and distribution of malaria vectors is essential to design m...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-71
更新日期:2013-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The myxosporean parasite Parvicapsula pseudobranchicola commonly infects farmed Atlantic salmon in northern Norway. Heavy infections are associated with pseudobranch lesions, runting and mortality in the salmon populations. The life-cycle of the parasite is unknown, preventing controlled challenge experiment...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2583-9
更新日期:2018-01-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The basic function of the immune system is to protect an organism against infection in order to minimize the fitness costs of being infected. According to life-history theory, energy resources are in a trade-off between the costly demands of immunity and other physiological demands. Concerning fish, both phy...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-120
更新日期:2011-06-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Psoroptes cuniculi can parasitise the ear canal of the rabbit, and cause the afflicted animals to cease feeding and become severely debilitated, sometimes resulting in death. In this study, we examined the oxidative status and inflammatory level of the peripheral blood of rabbits infested with Psoroptes cuni...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-124
更新日期:2014-03-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the past, immune responses to several Brugia malayi immunodominant antigens have been characterized in filaria-infected populations; however, little is known regarding Wolbachia proteins. We earlier cloned and characterized few B. malayi (trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase, Bm-TPP and heavy chain myosin, B...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1963-x
更新日期:2017-01-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:As part of efforts to more fully understand the potential risks posed by West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) in the UK, and following on from previous reports of a potential bridge vector Culex modestus for these viruses, at wetland sites in North Kent, mosquito surveillance was undertaken more wide...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0705-9
更新日期:2015-02-10 00:00:00
abstract:: The disinfectants TriGene, bleach, ethanol and liquid hand soap, and water and temperature were tested for their ability to kill bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei, epimastigotes of Trypanosoma rangeli and promastigotes of Leishmania major. A 5-min exposure to 0.2% TriGene, 0.1% liquid hand soap and 0.05% bleach...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-1-35
更新日期:2008-09-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Over 60 % of human emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, and there is growing evidence of the zooanthroponotic transmission of diseases from humans to livestock and wildlife species, with major implications for public health, economics, and conservation. Zooanthroponoses are of relevance to critically e...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2283-5
更新日期:2017-07-18 00:00:00