Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Coccidiosis due to Eimeria spp. infections in lambs causes increased mortality and substantial production losses, and anticoccidials are important for control of the infection. Anticoccidial resistance has been reported in poultry and swine, and we recently described reduced toltrazuril efficacy in ovine Eimeria spp. in some Norwegian sheep farms using a newly developed faecal oocyst count reduction test (FOCRT). The aim of the present study was to use a controlled efficacy trial to assess the efficacy of toltrazuril against a field isolate suspected of being resistant. METHODS:Twenty lambs, 17-22 days old and raised protected against exposure to coccidia, were infected with a field isolate of 100,000 Eimeria spp. oocysts. This isolate was obtained from a farm with a previously calculated drug efficacy of 56% (95% confidence interval: -433.9 to 96.6%). At day 7 post-infection, 10 of the lambs were orally treated with 20 mg/kg toltrazuril (Baycox Sheep vet., Bayer Animal Health), while the other 10 lambs (controls) were given physiological saline. Clinical examinations were conducted, and weight gains recorded. Daily faecal samples were scored for diarrhoea on a scale from 1 to 5, and oocyst excretion was determined using a modified McMaster technique. Oocysts were morphologically identified to species level. At 17-24 days post-infection, the lambs were euthanized and necropsied. RESULTS:The tested Eimeria isolate was resistant against toltrazuril, and resistance was seen in both pathogenic and non-pathogenic species. In addition, no significant differences in faecal score, growth, gross pathology or histological changes were identified between the two groups. The pathogenic E. ovinoidalis was the dominant species, and no significant difference in the individual prevalence of E. ovinoidalis post-treatment was found between treated (66.9%) and control lambs (61.9%). Other species identified included E. crandallis/weybridgensis, E. parva, E. marsica, E. faurei, E. pallida, E. ahsata and E. bakuensis. CONCLUSIONS:This study confirms toltrazuril resistance in ovine Eimeria spp.; in addition, the data support the use of FOCRT as an appropriate tool for field evaluation of anticoccidial efficacy. Due to limited anticoccidial treatment alternatives, these findings may have important implications for the sheep industry, particularly in northern Europe.
journal_name
Parasit Vectorsjournal_title
Parasites & vectorsauthors
Odden A,Enemark HL,Ruiz A,Robertson LJ,Ersdal C,Nes SK,Tømmerberg V,Stuen Sdoi
10.1186/s13071-018-2976-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-07-05 00:00:00pages
394issue
1issn
1756-3305pii
10.1186/s13071-018-2976-4journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Eimeria tenella infection leads to acute intestinal disorders responsible for important economic losses in poultry farming worldwide. The life-cycle of E. tenella is monoxenous with the chicken as the exclusive host; infection occurs in caecal epithelial cells. However, in vitro, the complete life-cycle of t...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-018-2622-1
更新日期：2018-01-18 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The intestinal epithelium plays a multifactorial role in mucosal defense. In this sense, augmented epithelial cell turnover appears as a potential effector mechanism for the rejection of intestinal-dwelling helminths. METHODS:A BrdU pulse-chase experiment was conducted to investigate the infection-induced a...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-015-0948-5
更新日期：2015-06-18 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) has become a widely used technique for the rapid and accurate identification of bacteria, mycobacteria and certain fungal pathogens in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Thus far, only few attempts have been made...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-019-3493-9
更新日期：2019-05-17 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Co-infection with multiple parasite species is commonly observed in nature and interspecific interactions are likely to occur in parasite infracommunities. Such interactions may affect the distribution of parasites among hosts but also the response of infracommunities to perturbations. However, the response ...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-016-1342-7
更新日期：2016-02-02 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The protozoan Giardia duodenalis is a common but highly diverse human parasite that comprises a complex of seven morphologically identical genetic assemblages, further divided into sub-assemblages. There is very little information available on the diversity of Giardia sub-assemblages and multi-locus genotype...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-015-1059-z
更新日期：2015-09-04 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) is a widespread parasite of ruminants which can have significant economic impact on cattle production. Fluke infection status at the animal-level is captured during meat inspection of all animals processed for human consumption within Northern Ireland. These national datasets ...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2016-04-14 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Ixodes ricinus, a competent vector of several pathogens, is the tick species most frequently reported to bite humans in Europe. The majority of human cases of Lyme borreliosis (LB) and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) occur in the north-eastern region of Italy. The aims of this study were to detect the occurren...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2012-03-27 00:00:00
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journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-018-2642-x
更新日期：2018-02-27 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Canine vector-borne diseases (CVBD) have become a major concern for canine and human public health. The aim of the study described here is to add epidemiological data regarding four pathogens responsible for CVBD, namely anaplasmosis, borreliosis, dirofilariosis and ehrlichiosis in a national survey conducte...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2016-07-29 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal trypanosomosis is endemic in Nigeria, while the human disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense is rarely reported nowadays after efforts to bring it under control in the 20th century. The University of Nigeria Veterinary Teaching Hospital (UNVTH) is a reference centre located within the Nsukka a...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2019-08-27 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Schistosomiasis is a serious global health problem that afflicts more than 230 million people in 77 countries. Long-term mass treatments with the only available drug, praziquantel, have caused growing concerns about drug resistance. PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1 (PDZ) domain-containing proteins are recognized as potential...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1756-3305-5-227
更新日期：2012-10-10 00:00:00
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journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1756-3305-7-420
更新日期：2014-09-04 00:00:00
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journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-019-3420-0
更新日期：2019-04-11 00:00:00
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journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2013-03-07 00:00:00
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journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-016-1962-y
更新日期：2017-02-17 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Triatomines are blood-sucking vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. During feeding, triatomines surpass the skin host response through biomolecules present in their saliva. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in the induction of the protection to aggressive agents, includ...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-016-1890-x
更新日期：2016-12-09 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Aedes mosquito-transmitted outbreaks of dengue and yellow fever have been reported from rural and urban parts of Côte d'Ivoire. The present study aimed at assessing Aedes spp. oviposition ecology in variously urbanized settings within arbovirus foci in southeastern Côte d'Ivoire. METHODS:Aedes spp. eggs wer...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-016-1778-9
更新日期：2016-09-29 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) are known as effective vectors of human and animal pathogens, worldwide. We have already indicated that some individuals in the Simulium turgaicum complex are annoying pests of humans and livestock in the Aras River Basin, Iran. However, there is no evidence of host preferenc...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
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abstract：BACKGROUND:To date there has been no evidence of mosquito-borne virus transmission of public health concern in the UK, despite the occurrence of more than 30 species of mosquito, including putative vectors of arboviruses. The saltmarsh mosquito Ochlerotatus detritus [syn. Aedes (Ochlerotatus) detritus] is locally commo...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
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更新日期：2016-08-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2017-09-18 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis is the most common non-viral, sexually transmitted pathogen. Although T. vaginalis is highly prevalent among women in Kenya, there is lack of data regarding genetic diversity of isolates currently in circulation in Kenya. METHODS:Typing was performed on 22 clinic...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Ticks are increasingly reported on cats worldwide, with Ixodes ricinus being a relevant species across Europe and in near by areas of North Africa and the Middle East. Yet there are few acaracidal products with proven efficacy approved for use in cats. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy ...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-017-2259-5
更新日期：2017-06-29 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) greatly affects livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ghana prevalence of AAT is estimated to range between 5 and 50%. Studies have reported serum biochemical aberrations and variability in cytokine profiles in animals during infection. However, information regar...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-017-2255-9
更新日期：2017-06-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the implementation of Roll Back Malaria, the widespread use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) is thought to have played a major part in the decrease in mortality and morbidity achieved in malaria-endemic regions. In the past decade, resistance to major classes of insecticides ...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1186/s13071-020-04170-7
更新日期：2020-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:National deworming programmes rely almost exclusively on mass drug administration (MDA) to children to control morbidity caused by these parasitic infections. The provision of other interventions, consisting of preventive chemotherapy at high population level coverage together with water, sanitation and hygi...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-019-3757-4
更新日期：2019-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The host represents a heterogeneous ecosystem where multiple parasite species co-occur and interact with each other for space and resources. Although these interactions may rule the features of an infracommunity and may shape the infracommunity response to external perturbations, the resilience of ectoparasi...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-016-1659-2
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Abiotic conditions provide cues that drive tick questing activity. Defining these cues is critical in predicting biting risk, and in forecasting climate change impacts on tick populations. This is particularly important for Ixodes ricinus nymphs, the vector of numerous pathogens affecting humans. METHODS:A ...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-015-1092-y
更新日期：2015-09-18 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Libyostrongylus douglassii, Libyostrongylus dentatus and Libyostrongylus magnus are nematodes that infect ostriches. The first species has been identified in ostriches from Africa, Europe, Americas and Oceania. Although the natural range of ostriches is Africa, L. dentatus was first described in birds from t...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s13071-018-2815-7
更新日期：2018-04-13 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Co-infections of multiple parasite species in hosts may lead to interspecific associations and subsequently shape the structure of a parasite community. However, few studies have focused on these associations in highly abundant parasite species or, in particular, investigated how the associations develop wit...
journal_title：Parasites & vectors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1756-3305-4-85
更新日期：2011-05-20 00:00:00
