Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Ki67 is currently the proliferation biomarker of choice, with both prognostic and predictive value in breast cancer. A lack of consensus regarding Ki67 use in pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical practice may hinder its formal acceptance in the clinical setting. METHODS:One hundred breast cancer samples were stained for Ki67. A standard estimation of Ki67 using fixed denominators of 200, 400 and 1 000 counted tumor cells was performed, and a cut-off at 20% was applied, Ki67static. A novel stepwise counting strategy for Ki67 estimation, Ki67scs, was developed based on rejection regions derived from exact two-sided binomial confidence intervals for proportions. Ki67scs was defined by the following parameters: the cut-off (20%), minimum (50) and maximum (400) number of tumor cells to count, increment (10) and overall significance level of the test procedure (0.05). Results from Ki67scs were compared to results from the Ki67static estimation with fixed denominators. RESULTS:For Ki67scs, the median number of tumor cells needed to determine Ki67 status was 100; the average, 175. Among 38 highly proliferative samples, the average Ki67scs fraction was 45%. For these samples, the fraction decreased from 39% to 37% to 35% with static counting of 200, 400 and 1 000 cells, respectively. The largest absolute difference between the estimation methods was 23% (42% (Ki67scs) vs. 19% (Ki67static)) and resulted in an altered sample classification. Among the 82 unequivocal samples, 74 samples received the same classification using both Ki67scs and Ki67static. Of the eight disparate samples, seven were classified highly proliferative by Ki67static when 200 cells were counted; whereas all eight cases were classified as low proliferative when 1 000 cells were counted. CONCLUSIONS:Ki67 estimation using fixed denominators may be inadequate, particularly for tumors demonstrating extensive heterogeneity. We propose a time saving stepwise counting strategy, which acknowledges small highly proliferative hot spots. VIRTUAL SLIDES:The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/3588156111195336.
journal_name
Diagn Patholjournal_title
Diagnostic pathologyauthors
Romero Q,Bendahl PO,Fernö M,Grabau D,Borgquist Sdoi
10.1186/1746-1596-9-118subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-06-16 00:00:00pages
118issn
1746-1596pii
1746-1596-9-118journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Epithelioid schwannoma as a rare variant poses a challenge to all pathologists, as this uncommon entity is extremely difficult to conclusively diagnose by morphological analyses on a resected sample alone owing to its unique histopathological features. However, few papers have described the detailed clinicop...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
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更新日期:2015-10-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13000-014-0227-3
更新日期:2014-12-03 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-8-62
更新日期:2013-04-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-01-23 00:00:00
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2017-03-04 00:00:00
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2019-08-31 00:00:00
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journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-09-17 00:00:00