Distinguishing the type I and type II isozymes of hexokinase: the need for a reexamination of past practice.

abstract：:Impaired skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation has been suggested to contribute to insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. However, increasing muscle fatty acid oxidation may cause a reciprocal decrease in glucose oxidation, which might impair insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. We therefore investigated wha...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Keung W,Ussher JR,Jaswal JS,Raubenheimer M,Lam VH,Wagg CS,Lopaschuk GD

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In diabetic patients, elevated plasma levels of t-PA and PAI-1 accompany impaired fibrinolysis. To identify mechanisms for these abnormalities, we examined whether vascular endothelial cells exposed to high glucose upregulate t-PA and PAI-1 production and whether ambient PA activity is decreased concomitantly. In 17 c...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Maiello M,Boeri D,Podesta F,Cagliero E,Vichi M,Odetti P,Adezati L,Lorenzi M

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A unit was constructed that consisted of a core of hollow fibers through which low-molecular-weight substances, such as glucose and insulin, could pass freely but were impermeable to high-molecular-weight proteins, such as antibodies. Islets of Langerhans from normal rats were planted in the space surrounding the fibe...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Sun AM,Parisius W,Healy GM,Vacek I,Macmorine HG

更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A single administration of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), type 1 carrageenan (Car), or silica 7, 2, and 2 days, respectively, before infection with a low dose (1 x 10(2) plaque-forming units/mouse) of encephalomyocarditis D (EMC-D) virus resulted in a significant increase in the incidence of diabetes in SJL/J mice ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Baek HS,Yoon JW

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proinsulin folding within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) remains incompletely understood, but it is clear that in mutant INS gene-induced diabetes of youth (MIDY), progression of the (three) native disulfide bonds of proinsulin becomes derailed, causing insulin deficiency, β-cell ER stress, and onset of diabetes. Here...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Haataja L,Manickam N,Soliman A,Tsai B,Liu M,Arvan P

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To ascertain whether the dawn phenomenon occurs in nondiabetic individuals and, if so, whether it is due to an increase in glucose production or a decrease in glucose utilization, we determined plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and counterregulatory hormones, as well as rates of glucose production,...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Bolli GB,De Feo P,De Cosmo S,Perriello G,Ventura MM,Calcinaro F,Lolli C,Campbell P,Brunetti P,Gerich JE

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes is characterized by effector T-cell responses to pancreatic β-cell-derived peptides presented by HLA class I and class II molecules, leading ultimately to β-cell demise and insulin insufficiency. Although a given HLA molecule presents a vast array of peptides, only those recogniz...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： James EA,Mallone R,Kent SC,DiLorenzo TP

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelinlike immunoreactivity was detected by radioimmunoassay in medium conditioned by cultured endothelial cells obtained from bovine retinal microvessels (9.2 +/- 6.5 pM, n = 4). Sephadex G-25 column chromatography and fast-protein liquid chromatography revealed that most of the endothelinlike immunoreactivity wa...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Takahashi K,Brooks RA,Kanse SM,Ghatei MA,Kohner EM,Bloom SR

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circulating metabolites associated with insulin sensitivity may represent useful biomarkers, but their causal role in insulin sensitivity and diabetes is less certain. We previously identified novel metabolites correlated with insulin sensitivity measured by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. The top-ranking metab...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Xie W,Wood AR,Lyssenko V,Weedon MN,Knowles JW,Alkayyali S,Assimes TL,Quertermous T,Abbasi F,Paananen J,Häring H,Hansen T,Pedersen O,Smith U,Laakso M,MAGIC Investigators.,DIAGRAM Consortium.,GENESIS Consortium.,RISC Co

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has long been recognized that islet cell function is rapidly altered in vitro, but can be maintained, at least in part, when cells are layered on defined extracellular matrices. The present work addresses the influence of short-term cell-matrix interactions on islet beta-cell function and provides first insight int...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Bosco D,Meda P,Halban PA,Rouiller DG

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown is a hallmark of diabetic retinopathy, but the molecular changes that cause this pathology are unclear. Occludin is a transmembrane component of interendothelial tight junctions that may regulate permeability at the BRB. In this study, we examined the effects of vascular endotheli...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Antonetti DA,Barber AJ,Khin S,Lieth E,Tarbell JM,Gardner TW

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Preferential upper-body fat gain, a typical male pattern, is associated with a greater cardiometabolic risk. Regional differences in lipolysis and meal fat storage cannot explain sex differences in body fat distribution. We examined the potential role of the novel free fatty acid (FFA) storage pathway in dete...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Koutsari C,Ali AH,Mundi MS,Jensen MD

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the relationship between insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function, we quantified the insulin sensitivity index using the minimal model in 93 relatively young, apparently healthy human subjects of varying degrees of obesity (55 male, 38 female; 18-44 yr of age; body mass index 19.5-52.2 kg/m2) and with f...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Kahn SE,Prigeon RL,McCulloch DK,Boyko EJ,Bergman RN,Schwartz MW,Neifing JL,Ward WK,Beard JC,Palmer JP

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonketotic, genetically diabetic Cinese hamsters show subnormal pancreatic insulin release and impaired suppression of glucagon in response to glucose. To study the pancreatic effects of other agents, dynamic insulin and glucagon release was measured from the in vitro perfused pancreases of normal and diabetic Chinese...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Frankel BJ,Gerich JE,Fanska RE,Gerritsen GC,Grodsky GM

更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large genome-wide association studies of glycemic traits have identified genetics variants that are associated with insulin resistance (IR) in the general population. It is unknown whether people with genetic enrichment for these IR variants respond differently to interventions that aim to improve insulin sensitivity....

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Hivert MF,Christophi CA,Franks PW,Jablonski KA,Ehrmann DA,Kahn SE,Horton ES,Pollin TI,Mather KJ,Perreault L,Barrett-Connor E,Knowler WC,Florez JC,Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group.

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the effect of inhibition of gluconeogenesis on liver glycogen stores in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) after a 3-day fast, 10% ethanol (EtOH) was administered intravenously to nine obese patients with NIDDM and six obese nondiabetic subjects. Rates of glucose appearance (3-[...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Clore JN,Blackard WG

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have provided evidence for the transcripts of Cx43 and Cx45 within pancreatic islets. As of yet, however, it has proven difficult to unambiguously demonstrate the expression of these proteins by islet cells. We have investigated whether Cx36, a new connexin species recently identified in mammalian bra...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Serre-Beinier V,Le Gurun S,Belluardo N,Trovato-Salinaro A,Charollais A,Haefliger JA,Condorelli DF,Meda P

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Decreased uncoupling protein (UCP)3 is associated with insulin resistance in muscle of pre-diabetic and diabetic individuals, but the function of UCP3 remains unclear. Our goal was to elucidate mechanisms underlying the negative correlation between UCP3 and insulin resistance in muscle. We determined effects of physio...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： MacLellan JD,Gerrits MF,Gowing A,Smith PJ,Wheeler MB,Harper ME

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Melanocortin 3 receptor (MC3R) plays a critical role in weight regulation of rodents, but its role in humans remains unclear. The objective of this study was to identify genetic variants of the MC3R gene and determine its association with childhood obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We screened 201 obese c...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Lee YS,Poh LK,Kek BL,Loke KY

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To develop somatic gene therapy for diabetes, we studied an animal model with proinsulin-producing fibroblasts with an immunological safety system. Cultured mouse fibroblasts of the Ltk- cell line were transfected first with the efficient human proinsulin expression vector pBMG-Neo-Ins. Initially, 2 x 10(6) cells with...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Kawakami Y,Yamaoka T,Hirochika R,Yamashita K,Itakura M,Nakauchi H

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Dio2 gene encodes the type 2 deiodinase (D2) that activates thyroxine (T4) to 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3), the disruption of which (Dio2(-/-)) results in brown adipose tissue (BAT)-specific hypothyroidism in an otherwise euthyroid animal. In the present studies, cold exposure increased Dio2(-/-) BAT sympathetic s...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Christoffolete MA,Linardi CC,de Jesus L,Ebina KN,Carvalho SD,Ribeiro MO,Rabelo R,Curcio C,Martins L,Kimura ET,Bianco AC

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes has increased interest in pathways that affect energy balance in mammalian systems. Brown fat, in all of its dimensions, can increase energy expenditure through the dissipation of chemical energy in the form of heat, using mitochondrial uncoupling and perhaps other pathways....

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Cohen P,Spiegelman BM

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin-dependent diabetes (type 1 diabetes) in the NOD mouse is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease. However, B-cells may also play a critical role in disease pathogenesis, as genetically B-cell-deficient NOD mice (NOD.microMT) have been shown to be protected from type 1 diabetes and to display reduced responses to ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Chiu PP,Serreze DV,Danska JS

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The "M" variant of the encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus causes a diabetes-like disease in some, but not all, strains of mice. The genetic basis for either resistance or susceptibility to the diabetogenic effect of the virus is not known. After infection with EMC, C57BL/6 mice seldom develop hyperglycemia and the insul...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： D'Andrea BJ,Wilson GL,Craighead JE

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endocrine and exocrine pancreas have been studied separately by endocrinologists and gastroenterologists as two organ systems. The pancreatic islet, consisting of 1-2% mass of the whole pancreas, has long been believed to be regulated independently from the surrounding exocrine tissues. Particularly, islet blood f...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Dybala MP,Gebien LR,Reyna ME,Yu Y,Hara M

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:We have developed a novel platform for display and delivery of bioactive peptides that links the biological properties of the peptide to the pharmacokinetic properties of an antibody. Peptides engineered in the MIMETIBODY platform have improved biochemical and biophysical properties that are quite distinct fr...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Picha KM,Cunningham MR,Drucker DJ,Mathur A,Ort T,Scully M,Soderman A,Spinka-Doms T,Stojanovic-Susulic V,Thomas BA,O'Neil KT

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain lactate may be involved in the development of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH), a condition that affects approximately 25% of patients with type 1 diabetes and increases the risk of severe hypoglycemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acute hypoglycemia on brain lactate concentrati...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Wiegers EC,Rooijackers HM,Tack CJ,Heerschap A,de Galan BE,van der Graaf M

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High glucose concentrations such as are seen in diabetes mellitus are known to have deleterious effects on cells, but the pathways by which glucose induces these effects are unknown. One hypothesis is that metabolism of glucose to glucosamine might be involved. For example, it has been shown that glucosamine is more p...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Crook ED,Daniels MC,Smith TM,McClain DA

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the suitability of commercial U.S.P. insulin as a bacterial growth medium. Purified port insulin (Iletin II, Eli Lilly & Co., Indianapolis, Indiana) was inoculated with approximately 500,000 bacteria per ml of: (1) Staphylococcus epidermidis, (2) Staphylococcus aureus, or (3) Escherichia coli. All ...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Schade DS,Eaton RP

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies have shown associations between exposure to hypoglycemia and increased mortality, raising the possibility that hypoglycemia has adverse cardiovascular effects. In this study, we determined the acute effects of hypoglycemia on cardiovascular autonomic control. Seventeen healthy volunteers were exposed to experi...

journal_title：Diabetes

authors： Rao AD,Bonyhay I,Dankwa J,Baimas-George M,Kneen L,Ballatori S,Freeman R,Adler GK

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00