Abstract:
BACKGROUND:High intake of folate may reduce risk for colon cancer, but the dosage and duration relations and the impact of dietary compared with supplementary sources are not well understood. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the relation between folate intake and incidence of colon cancer. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:88,756 women from the Nurses' Health Study who were free of cancer in 1980 and provided updated assessments of diet, including multivitamin supplement use, from 1980 to 1994. PATIENTS:442 women with new cases of colon cancer. MEASUREMENTS:Multivariate relative risk (RR) and 95% CIs for colon cancer in relation to energy-adjusted folate intake. RESULTS:Higher energy-adjusted folate intake in 1980 was related to a lower risk for colon cancer (RR, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.52 to 0.93] for intake > 400 microg/d compared with intake < or = 200 microg/d) after controlling for age; family history of colorectal cancer; aspirin use; smoking; body mass; physical activity; and intakes of red meat, alcohol, methionine, and fiber. When intake of vitamins A, C, D, and E and intake of calcium were also controlled for, results were similar. Women who used multivitamins containing folic acid had no benefit with respect to colon cancer after 4 years of use (RR, 1.02) and had only nonsignificant risk reductions after 5 to 9 (RR, 0.83) or 10 to 14 years of use (RR, 0.80). After 15 years of use, however, risk was markedly lower (RR, 0.25 [CI, 0.13 to 0.51]), representing 15 instead of 68 new cases of colon cancer per 10,000 women 55 to 69 years of age. Folate from dietary sources alone was related to a modest reduction in risk for colon cancer, and the benefit of long-term multivitamin use was present across all levels of dietary intakes. CONCLUSIONS:Long-term use of multivitamins may substantially reduce risk for colon cancer. This effect may be related to the folic acid contained in multivitamins.
journal_name
Ann Intern Medjournal_title
Annals of internal medicineauthors
Giovannucci E,Stampfer MJ,Colditz GA,Hunter DJ,Fuchs C,Rosner BA,Speizer FE,Willett WCdoi
10.7326/0003-4819-129-7-199810010-00002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-10-01 00:00:00pages
517-24issue
7eissn
0003-4819issn
1539-3704journal_volume
129pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Aspirin breaks the gastric mucosal barrier. We studied the effect of aspirin on this barrier, correlating changes in potential difference and ultrastructure. Mean control potential difference for seven subjects was -48 +/- 1.0 mV. Oral aspirin, 600 mg in 100 ml of saline, reduced potential difference to -39 +/- 1.4 mV...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-85-3-299
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Reviews have compared the efficacy and tolerability of newer second-generation antidepressants with those of placebo or older treatments, but comparative evidence for use of second-generation antidepressants to treat major depressive disorder has not been evaluated. PURPOSE:To systematically evaluate compar...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-143-6-200509200-00006
更新日期:2005-09-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dietary trans fat increases risk for coronary heart disease. In 2006, New York City (NYC) passed the first regulation in the United States restricting trans fat use in restaurants. OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of the NYC regulation on the trans and saturated fat content of fast-food purchases. DESIGN:Cro...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-157-2-201207170-00004
更新日期:2012-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Glomerular-fixed antibody was eluted from the kidney of a 17-year-old patient who died 2 weeks after the onset of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Elevated titers of antibodies to streptococcal enzymes were found in the serum but not in the glomerular eluate. Streptococcal M protein and anti-M protein react...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-92-4-478
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare generalists' and cardiologists' estimates of baseline cardiovascular risk and the outcomes of preventive therapy. DESIGN:Cross-sectional mail survey using written case simulations of typical patients from primary prevention trials for hypercholesterolemia and isolated systolic hypertension, and te...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-124-4-199602150-00005
更新日期:1996-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The magnitude, consistency, and manner of association between sedentary time and outcomes independent of physical activity remain unclear. PURPOSE:To quantify the association between sedentary time and hospitalizations, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer in adults independent ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.7326/M14-1651
更新日期:2015-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Two patients had recurrent facial edema and peripheral blood eosinophilia. One patient showed a marked increase in the serum level of the eosinophil granule major basic protein. In both patients, skin biopsy samples showed nonspecific mononuclear cell inflammation with few eosinophils. However, immunofluorescence stai...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-103-4-503
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:HIV-infected patients with sustained immunologic improvement from antiretroviral therapy may be able to discontinue chemoprophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). OBJECTIVE:To compare PCP incidence in HIV-infected patients who had sustained CD4+ lymphocyte counts greater than 200 cells/mm3 a...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-132-3-200002010-00005
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with serious psychiatric disorders are frequently treated by primary care physicians, who may have difficulty keeping up with recent advances in psychiatry. This paper presents an updated synopsis for three major psychiatric illnesses: major depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Current definitions...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-134-1-200101020-00013
更新日期:2001-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Some important health policy topics, such as those related to the delivery, organization, and financing of health care, present substantial challenges to established methods for evidence synthesis. For example, such reviews may ask: What is the effect of for-profit versus not-for-profit delivery of care on patient out...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-142-12_part_2-200506211-00005
更新日期:2005-06-21 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether low bone density and other risk factors for osteoporosis are associated with stress fractures in athletes. DESIGN:Case-control study. SETTING:Institutional sports injury clinic with primary and secondary care. PARTICIPANTS:Twenty-five athletes (nineteen women) with scintigraphically co...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-113-10-754
更新日期:1990-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Electrophysiologic studies were done in 32 patients with aortic stenosis. In 24 patients with intact A-V conduction, A-H intervals ranged from 55 to 145 msec and were prolonged in two. Two had split His bundle potentials. The H-V intervals ranged from 25 to 94 msec and were prolonged in 12. The mean H-V interval was 6...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-87-3-275
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the distribution of and risk factors for colonization and infection with vancomycin-resistant enterococci; to evaluate the molecular epidemiology of these strains; and to assess the effect of interventions, including 1) strict adherence to infection control procedures and 2) restricted use of va...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-123-4-199508150-00002
更新日期:1995-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Data suggest that the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) differ among U.S. racial/ethnic groups. PURPOSE:To evaluate racial/ethnic disparities in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rates and COVID-19 outcomes, factors contributing to disparities, and intervent...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M20-6306
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mounting evidence indicates that subclinical thyroid dysfunction has important clinical effects and prognostic implications, supporting the view that it is not a compensated biochemical change sensu strictu. PURPOSE:To review clinical information on the effects of subclinical thyroid dysfunction on the hear...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-137-11-200212030-00011
更新日期:2002-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::The content of In the Clinic is drawn from the clinical information and education resources of the American College of Physicians (ACP), including PIER (Physicians' Information and Education Resource) and MKSAP (Medical Knowledge and Self Assessment Program). Annals of Internal Medicine editors develop In the Clinic f...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-11-200912010-01006
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of disease associated with a newly described nonhalophilic Vibrio species, Vibrio mimicus, were identified by studying isolates from 21 patients referred to the Centers for Disease Control between 1977 and 1981. Two isolates were from the ears of patients with otitis who had ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little evidence exists to support the theory that small-bore nasogastric tubes prevent gastroesophageal reflux and microaspiration in intubated patients. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether gastroesophageal reflux and microaspiration in intubated patients can be reduced by the use of a small-bore nasogastric tub...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-130-12-199906150-00007
更新日期:1999-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To review prospective epidemiologic studies and randomized trials regarding the role of antioxidant vitamins (vitamins E and C and beta-carotene) in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, with emphasis on differences in results obtained by these two types of studies. DATA SOURCES:Computerized and manual sea...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-123-11-199512010-00009
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The paucity of public health messages that directly address communities of color might contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in knowledge and behavior related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). OBJECTIVE:To determine whether physician-delivered prevention messages affect knowledge and information...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M20-6141
更新日期:2020-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Bulimarexia, an eating disorder that is characterized by binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting or abuse of cathartic or diuretic drugs, has been defined as both a sequela of anorexia nervosa and a distinct eating disorder. In this review the presentation, prevalence, and complications of the various eating di...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-99-6-800
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of solid tumors was evaluated in 628 consecutive patients with multiple myeloma who had been treated with various melphalan-prednisone combinations. Among those patients who lived at least 2 months, the incidence and diversity of second tumors were similar to those in normal persons of the same age and d...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-90-5-780
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expert groups, including the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), recommend a range of clinical preventive services for persons at average risk for disease. Use of these services often is substantially lower among racial and ethnic minority groups, rural residents, and persons of lower socioeconomic status. O...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M19-3171
更新日期:2020-02-18 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To review the status of emergency, urgent, routine, and selective angiography after intravenous thrombolytic therapy. DATA SOURCES:Relevant English-language articles published from January 1985 to July 1990 were identified through MEDLINE. STUDY SELECTION:For emergency angiography, four major randomized studi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-114-10-877
更新日期:1991-05-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is increasing rapidly. Gastroesophageal reflux is a strong risk factor for this disease. The increase in incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma coincided with the introduction of medications that promote reflux by relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), such ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-133-3-200008010-00007
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The latest guidelines from the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association, released in fall 2013, provide a long-anticipated update to the recommendations of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/M16-1739
更新日期:2016-12-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the toxicity and efficacy of low-dose interferon-alpha therapy in inducing remissions and prolonging survival in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. DESIGN:Phase II evaluation and comparison with historical control patients and other series in which the investigators used higher interferon-a...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-121-10-199411150-00002
更新日期:1994-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Immediately after the liberation of Kuwait by a coalition of allied forces in March 1991, representatives of Physicians for Human Rights traveled to Kuwait and conducted an inquiry into human rights violations allegedly perpetrated by Iraqi forces. The inquiry focused on the abuses that were said to have occurred in h...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-117-1-78
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine of 81 members of two families were found to have renal problems. Three patients in one family had renal-retinal dysplasia with probable recessive inheritance. Of the 6 patients in the second family, one received a kidney transplant from his brother who initially had no detectable renal abnormality but later devel...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-84-2-157
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To provide a rational strategy for the evaluation and long-term management of epilepsy. DATA SOURCES:Articles written between 1964 and 1993, obtained from a MEDLINE search on epilepsy-related topics as well as from the author's personal files, major reference books on antiepileptic drugs, and references iden...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-120-5-199403010-00010
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00