Abstract:
:Some important health policy topics, such as those related to the delivery, organization, and financing of health care, present substantial challenges to established methods for evidence synthesis. For example, such reviews may ask: What is the effect of for-profit versus not-for-profit delivery of care on patient outcomes? Or, which strategies are the most effective for promoting preventive care? This paper describes innovative methods for synthesizing evidence related to the delivery, organization, and financing of health care. We found 13 systematic reviews on these topics that described novel methodologic approaches. Several of these syntheses used 3 approaches: conceptual frameworks to inform problem formulation, systematic searches that included nontraditional literature sources, and hybrid synthesis methods that included simulations to address key gaps in the literature. As the primary literature on these topics expands, so will opportunities to develop additional novel methods for performing high-quality comprehensive syntheses.
journal_name
Ann Intern Medjournal_title
Annals of internal medicineauthors
Bravata DM,McDonald KM,Shojania KG,Sundaram V,Owens DKdoi
10.7326/0003-4819-142-12_part_2-200506211-00005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-06-21 00:00:00pages
1056-65issue
12 Pt 2eissn
0003-4819issn
1539-3704pii
142/12_Part_2/1056journal_volume
142pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Although thyroid nodules are common, few are malignant and require surgical treatment. A systematic approach to their evaluation is important to avoid unnecessary surgery. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy has resulted in substantial improvements in diagnostic accuracy, cost reductions, and higher malignancy yield at time...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-142-11-200506070-00011
更新日期:2005-06-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:No effective oral therapy exists for early coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether hydroxychloroquine could reduce COVID-19 severity in adult outpatients. DESIGN:Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted from 22 March through 20 May 2020. (ClinicalTrials.gov...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/M20-4207
更新日期:2020-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Prothrombin complex concentrates are used in the treatment of the congenital bleeding disorders associated with Factors II, VII, IX, and X deficiencies. They have also been extensively used to treat acquired coagulation abnormalities secondary to vitamin K deficiency, warfarin ingestion, and various types of liver dis...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-84-6-683
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endomyocardial biopsy was done 119 times in 98 patients receiving doxorubicin therapy once every 3 weeks and 41 times in 27 patients receiving doxorubicin therapy weekly. Factors contributing to the degree of anthracycline-induced endomyocardial injury were evaluated. Neither age, sex, type of malignancy, concomitant ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-99-6-745
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Radiation therapy is one of many treatment options for patients with prostate cancer. PURPOSE:To update findings on the clinical and biochemical outcomes of radiation therapies for localized prostate cancer. DATA SOURCES:MEDLINE (2007 through March 2011) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Tria...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-155-3-201108020-00347
更新日期:2011-08-02 00:00:00
abstract:DESCRIPTION:Although approximately 85 million units of red blood cells (RBCs) are transfused annually worldwide, transfusion practices vary widely. The AABB (formerly, the American Association of Blood Banks) developed this guideline to provide clinical recommendations about hemoglobin concentration thresholds and othe...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,实务指引,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-157-1-201206190-00429
更新日期:2012-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::Differences in blood levels of thyroid hormones have been reported when patients taking synthetic L-thyroxine were shifted from one manufactured form of the hormone to another. Because recent formulation changes have rendered these earlier data obsolete, we did a crossover study to determine differences in bioavailabi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-102-6-770
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the incidence, cause, and characteristics of pleural effusions in hospitalized patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN:Retrospective. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 222 patients with AIDS hospitalized between January 1986 and January 1992 at the Medical University of South ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-118-11-199306010-00005
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the relative importance of adiposity and fat distribution to cardiovascular risk profile. DESIGN:A cross-sectional study. SETTING:Clinical research center funded by the National Institutes of Health. PATIENTS:Convenience sample of 33 healthy premenopausal women with a wide range of body ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-110-11-867
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute bronchitis is an acute cough illness in otherwise healthy adults that usually lasts 1 to 3 weeks. This review describes the pathophysiology of the condition and provides a practical approach to the evaluation and treatment of adults with uncomplicated acute bronchitis. Practical points to be made are:1. Respirat...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-133-12-200012190-00014
更新日期:2000-12-19 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To critically evaluate the evidence for recommending the screening of asymptomatic men for prostate cancer with a blood test to detect a prostate-specific antigen (PSA). DATA SOURCES:Relevant articles on screening for prostate cancer were identified from MEDLINE searches, from the authors' files, and from th...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-119-9-199311010-00009
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms of flushing reactions are pharmacologically and physiologically heterogeneous. Flushing may result from agents acting directly on the vascular smooth muscle or may be mediated by vasomotor nerves. Vasomotor nerves may lead to flushing as a result of events at both peripheral and central sites. In suscep...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-95-4-468
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cause of stroke in young patients frequently cannot be established. Eleven consecutive patients, age 50 and younger, had clinical evidence of cerebral embolization. Results of physical, radiographic, electrocardiographic, and two-dimensional echocardiographic examinations were normal in all patients. During normal...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-105-5-695
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A platelet transfusion from a blood group O donor, immunized 1 month before with Pneumovax, caused a hemolytic reaction in a blood group A recipient. Forty-five of 59 group O donors (76%) and all of nine group B donors immunized with Pneumovax had a fourfold or higher anti-A response. Half of the anti-A antibody in hi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-96-5-580
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bulimarexia, an eating disorder that is characterized by binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting or abuse of cathartic or diuretic drugs, has been defined as both a sequela of anorexia nervosa and a distinct eating disorder. In this review the presentation, prevalence, and complications of the various eating di...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-99-6-800
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cohort of both active and retired older cotton textile workers was examined prospectively over a 6-year period to establish the nature and extent of chronic lung disease. Respiratory symptoms and lung function were studied in these workers and in a group of similarly aged controls. The cotton textile workers had hig...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-97-5-645
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-nine cases of Legionnaires' disease in a 16-month period were identified in visitors to and residents of Bloomington, Indiana. Thirty-five patients had spent at least one night at the Indiana Memorial Union in the 2 weeks before becoming ill. Five of 32 sporadic cases nationwide between 1 January and 31 March 1...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-90-4-587
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is a common method for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, yet its acceptability and performance over several rounds of annual testing are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE:To assess FIT performance characteristics over 4 rounds of annual screening. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort s...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M15-0983
更新日期:2016-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::Transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was studied in a group of patients with cancer who received transfusion of blood components harvested from a single, asymptomatic, seropositive donor. Of ten living recipients, nine had antibodies to the virus in fresh or cryopreserved sera at a median of 384 days...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-105-4-519
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An effective national biosurveillance system expedites outbreak recognition and facilitates response coordination at the federal, state, and local levels. The BioSense system, used at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, incorporates chief complaints but not data from the whole encounter note into...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-156-1-201201030-00003
更新日期:2012-01-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Extended-duration low-molecular-weight heparin has been shown to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in high-risk surgical patients. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of extended-duration enoxaparin thromboprophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients. DESIGN:Randomized, parallel, placebo-contro...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-153-1-201007060-00004
更新日期:2010-07-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent evidence shows that arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) offers no benefit over conservative treatment of patients with a degenerative meniscus tear. However, patients who report mechanical symptoms (sensations of knee catching or locking) may benefit from APM. OBJECTIVE:To assess whether APM impr...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/M15-0899
更新日期:2016-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::Medical devices have become an integral part of hospital-based care but also predispose patients to more than 850 000 device-related infections annually. Devices predispose to infection by damaging or invading epithelial and mucosal barriers to infection, by supporting growth of microorganisms and thus serving as rese...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-89-5-764
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper is part 1 of a 2-part series on interpretation of 12-lead resting electrocardiograms (ECGs). Part 1 is a position paper that presents recommendations for initial competency, competency assessment, and maintenance of competency on ECG interpretation, as well as recommendations for the role of computer-assist...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 指南,杂志文章,实务指引
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-138-9-200305060-00012
更新日期:2003-05-06 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the factors that distinguish terminally ill, incompetent patients who are given do-not-resuscitate status by physicians against the wishes of the patient's family, I reviewed the charts of 20 such patients (cases) seen in consultation by the ethics committee at the Massachusetts General Hospital over 10 ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-10-819
更新日期:1988-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary deficiency of vitamin B-12 has been reported, yet most people ingesting vitamin-B12-deficient diets even for many years appear to achieve a balance that does not lead to overt signs and symptoms of deficiency. I present the case of a vegan of 25 years' duration who developed severe neurologic abnormalities due...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-88-5-647
更新日期:1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pursuit of the ideal tumor marker has generated many tests for use in the diagnosis and management of cancer, several of which are now widely available. Tumor markers have five potential uses in patient care: They can be used for screening, for diagnosis, for establishing prognosis, for monitoring treatment, and f...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-115-8-623
更新日期:1991-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of a nurse-managed intervention for smoking cessation in patients who have had a myocardial infarction. DESIGN:Randomized, with a 6-month treatment period and a 6-month follow-up. SETTING:Kaiser Foundation hospitals in Redwood City, Santa Clara, Hayward, and San Jose, Californi...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-113-2-118
更新日期:1990-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Increasingly, interventions aimed at improving care are likely to use such technologies as machine learning and artificial intelligence. However, health care has been relatively late to adopt them. This article provides clinical examples in which machine learning and artificial intelligence are already in use in healt...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/M19-0872
更新日期:2020-06-02 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether prolonging the duration of tamoxifen administration beyond the cessation of a combined chemotherapy regimen benefits patients with primary breast cancer with positive findings in axillary nodes who benefit initially from the combined regimen. DESIGN:Nonrandomized, nonconcurrent cohort st...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-106-5-649
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00