Abstract：
:Creatine supplementation has become a common practice among competition athletes participating in different sports over the last few years. The mechanism by which supplementary creatine could have potential ergogenic effects would be an increased muscle creatine and phosphocreatine concentration, leading to a higher rate of ATP resynthesis, a delay in the onset of muscular fatigue and a facilitated recovery during repeated bouts of high-intensity exercise. A critical review of the literature reveals that these ergogenic effects, when found, have been generally shown in untrained subjects performing several exercise bouts under laboratory conditions. The limited body of scientific data available concerning highly trained athletes performing single competition-like exercise tasks indicates that this type of population does not benefit from creatine supplementation. Therefore, the widespread use of creatine ingestion to improve competition performance does not seem to be justified. The potential interest of creatine supplementation for elite athletes could be related to an increased ability to perform repeated high-intensity exercise bouts, either during training or during competition in sports in which repeated efforts are required (e.g. soccer, basketball), but this possibility needs scientific confirmation.
journal_name
Int J Sports Medjournal_title
International journal of sports medicineauthors
Mujika I,Padilla Sdoi
10.1055/s-2007-972670subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-10-01 00:00:00pages
491-6issue
7eissn
0172-4622issn
1439-3964journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析abstract：:This study aimed at investigating to what extent sauna-induced dehydration is effective to rapidly decrease body weight and whether this practice alters strength and/or explosive power (jump capacity) in healthy athletes. We also investigated whether the observed changes could be rapidly reversed through rehydration. ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2003-42017
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The main goal of the preventive intervention study in one community of the German CINDI (Countrywide Integrated Non-Communicable Diseases Intervention programme of the WHO) area was to improve cardiovascular health by reducing the risk factors smoking, hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolaemia, and by changing sede...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-972639
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten young male adults (mean age 46.9 +/- 1.2 yrs) with 9.2 +/- 1.4 years of weight training experience and the ability to parallel squat at least 1.5 times their body mass were selected as subjects. The exercise session consisted of sets of 10 repetitions at 65% 1-RM of the parallel leg squat, with a cadence of one re...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-973013
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During an overhead throw, the gluteal muscle group stabilizes the lumbopelvic-hip complex (LPHC), leading to efficient energy transfer from the lower to upper extremity. It has been shown that LPHC instability can lead to throwing pathomechanics. The single leg squat has become a common assessment for LPHC stability, ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-0577-3722
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty-six male runners aged 14-16 years not yet specifically trained for sprint or middle-distance running performed a field test with distances of 25 m, 75 m, and 1000 m. Before the field test they were designated as sprinters (n = 19) and middle-distance runners (n = 7) according to their self-assessment and the es...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1024855
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the etiology of factors influencing bone mineral density (BMD) in Hispanic women for the prevention of osteoporosis was the aim of this investigation. Whole body BMD (WBBMD) of 39 Hispanic, premenopausal women aged 22 - 51 years was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Maximal aerobic c...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2004-815839
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key compound for induction of angiogenesis in both physiological and pathological conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS) administration on VEGF mRNA expression in the rat soleus muscle after jumping training. ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0029-1234058
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Food restriction has a great impact on skeletal muscle mass by inducing muscle protein breakdown to provide substrates for energy production through gluconeogenesis. Genetic models of hyper-muscularity interfere with the normal balance between protein synthesis and breakdown which eventually results in extreme muscle ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0032-1312605
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1988 Segura and Ventura (14) reported that 1.2 g of L-Tryptophan (L-TRY) supplementation increased total exercise time by 49.4% when the subjects were running at 80% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). In human performance research, acute improvements of that category are rather uncommon. Both for this reason and be...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1021302
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aims of the study were to investigate the presence of a relative age effect and the influence of birth quarter on anthropometric characteristics, an estimation of biological maturity and performance in the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 in 606 elite, Flemish youth soccer players. The sample was divided i...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0032-1311654
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A review of trekking deaths from 1984 to mid-1987 showed a death rate of 15/100,000 trekkers. Altitude sickness deaths accounted for 3/23 (13%) of these deaths. Recently, we followed up on our original study by compiling the number and causes of trekking deaths in Nepal from mid-1987 through 1991. The overall number o...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1024601
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using the indentation method, we investigated the effects of physical exercise (treadmill running 4 km/day for 15 weeks) on stiffness of the articular cartilage in the canine knee. Considering cartilage to be an elastic material with homogeneity and isotropy, we calculated elastic moduli for femoral, tibial, and patel...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1025743
更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In international cycling and cross-country skiing competitions, blood tests are used to unmask the performance enhancing misuse of erythropoietin. Haematocrit (cycling) and haemoglobin (cross-country skiing) limits have been set by international sporting federations (haematocrit 50%, haemoglobin 18.5 g/dl). ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2000-3785
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current study aimed to determine the effects of sildenafil-associated aerobic exercise training (ET) on the physical performance, hemodynamic, autonomic and inflammatory parameters of rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to: sedentary rats placebo-treated (SP); sedentary rats sildenafil-treated (SS); trai...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-0633-9132
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High-speed running and sprinting training play an important role in the development of physical capabilities, sport-specific performance and injury prevention among soccer players. This commentary aims to summarize the current evidence regarding high-speed running and sprinting training in professional soccer and to i...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-1302-7968
更新日期：2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the current study was to determine the validity of an automated multiple-camera tracking system (Venatrack™), for the measurement of speed during soccer. 18 recreationally active males (mean age 27±8.6 years) performed a series of runs (total 391), representative of the movements made by soccer players, at ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0032-1306326
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared 3 months of eucaloric (12 kcal/kg/wk) steady state aerobic training (AER) to interval training (INT) in men at risk for insulin resistance. Primary outcomes included oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) and HOMA-IR 24 h and 72 h after each participants last exercise session. Secondary outcomes were VO2max...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-0032-1311594
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhinitis has been demonstrated to impose a significant disease burden upon the general population. We sought to determine the prevalence of rhinitis in athletes; to investigate its relationship with co-existing allergic symptoms; and to quantify the impact of rhinitis on quality of life in the athlete.3 subgroups were...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0042-108200
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The salivary immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) and cortisol responses to maximal exercise were examined in 24 adult males (X +/- SD; 22.1 +/- 3.0 yrs) before and after 10 weeks of run training. The subjects performed an incremental treadmill test to exhaustion and were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control (CON; n ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1024568
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design, 10 females taking monophasic oral contraceptives completed 90 min intermittent treadmill-running 45 min after ingestion of 6 mg∙kg(-1) body mass anhydrous caffeine or artificial sweetener (placebo). Water (3 mL∙kg(-1)) was provided every 15 min during...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-0034-1398580
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Altitude exposure leads to considerable weight loss. The different hypotheses that have been put forward to explain this phenomenon are discussed reviewing the literature: 1) a primary decrease of food intake due to loss of appetite caused, directly or indirectly, by hypoxia, changes of menus, comfort and habits, 2) a...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1024616
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diving response elicited by breath-holding (BH) and immersion mainly consists of bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, and peripheral vasoconstriction. These responses reduce oxygen consumption and thereby prolong the duration of the dive. They may also lead to cardiac arrhythmias or hypoxia, however, which in tu...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2004-821159
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decreased ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) associated with deterioration in physical capacity are key determinants of the poor quality of life and loss of independence of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a 12-week training program (in...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1038432
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Female runners are reported to be more prone to develop specific knee joint injuries than males. It has been suggested that increased frontal plane joint loading might be related to the incidence of these knee injuries in running. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if frontal plane knee and hip joint kinematics...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0033-1343406
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Secretory IgA (S-IgA) levels in stimulated salvia were measured before and after a maximal treadmill test in a population of 175 young adults (84 men, 91 women). Habitual physical activity levels of this population were measured by a standardized interview, and scores were obtained for the amount of time and intensity...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1025024
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The postural control of ten male soccer players with functional instability (FI) of the ankle joint, i.e., recurrent sprains and/or a feeling of giving way, was studied before and after ankle disk training. Postural control was studied by means of stabilometry and an optoelectronic movement recording system. In the pr...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1024996
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study compared physiological responses associated with exercise tolerance in girls (G) and women (W) of similar fitness and heat acclimatization level during exercise in a hot and humid outdoor environment (33.4 degrees C and 55.1 % RH; WBGT = 29.9 +/- 0.2 degrees C). Nine pre-menarcheal G (age = 11.3 yr) and nin...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2006-923863
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The present study investigated the specific atmospheric conditions expected in Athens during the summer of 2004 in relation to the performance of elite athletes. DESIGN:Atmospheric pollution and weather data for the period April 16th to September 30th covering the entire greater Athens area and collected fr...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2005-837660
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbon monoxide (CO) rebreathing procedures are used to assess hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) but recent evidence suggests that CO is a signaling molecule that may alter physiological functions. We examined the effects of 10 days of intermittent, low-dose CO inhalation on Hbmass, aerobic performance predictors, and peak-pow...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-0042-108197
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten untrained subjects and nine trained cyclists were examined during graduated ergometric exercise in the supine position. The levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the blood as well as the heart rate and oxygen intake were determined. At submaximum levels, epinephrine, norepinephrine, lactate, and the heart ra...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1034601
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
