Abstract：
:Twenty-six male runners aged 14-16 years not yet specifically trained for sprint or middle-distance running performed a field test with distances of 25 m, 75 m, and 1000 m. Before the field test they were designated as sprinters (n = 19) and middle-distance runners (n = 7) according to their self-assessment and the estimation of the coaches. Blood ammonia and lactate concentrations were measured before and after the runs, and heart rates as well as the perceived exertion were evaluated. The most remarkable finding was a significantly higher ammonia increase in the supposed sprinters after 75 m compared with the supposed middle-distance runners. The ammonia concentrations after 1000 m were considerably less pronounced in both groups and did not differ significantly. The ratio of the ammonia concentration after the 75-m and the 1000-m distance was defined as an index. A high index was typical for designated sprinters, whereas a low index was found in supposed middle-distance runners. The combination of this index and the assessment of the coaches makes it possible to recommend special training regimens.
journal_name
Int J Sports Medjournal_title
International journal of sports medicineauthors
Hageloch W,Schneider S,Weicker Hdoi
10.1055/s-2007-1024855subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-05-01 00:00:00pages
S56-61eissn
0172-4622issn
1439-3964journal_volume
11 Suppl 2pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The acute effect of weightlifting on beta-endorphin and estradiol was studied in experienced female recreational weightlifters. Five eumenorrheic females completed two months of testing, each with a different sequence of testing conditions (SEQ1 and SEQ2). In SEQ1, a week of weight maintenance diet and prescribed exer...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1021313
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plantar fascial disorder is comprised of plantar fasciitis and plantar fibromatosis. Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain, especially for athletes involved in running and jumping sports. Plantar fibromatosis is a rare fibrous hyperproliferation of the deep connective tissue of the foot. To identify ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1055/s-0044-100280
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine the effect of defensive pressure on movement behaviour during an under-18 basketball game. 20 international male players (age: M=16.05, SD=2.09 years old; weekly practice: M=10.9, SD=1.94 h; playing experience: M=7.1, SD=1.1 years) played two 10-min basketball quarters, using man-t...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0033-1363237
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aerobic performance is negatively impacted by tropical climate due to impairment of thermoregulatory mechanisms. We tested the hypothesis that a torso application of a 4% menthol solution would have the same effect on a best performance 10-km run as an external use of cold water. Thirteen trained male athletes complet...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-1062-6520
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to compare acute mechanical and metabolic effects of 2 sessions of resistance training equated by volume and total resting time but with different set configuration: sets to failure (FS) vs. distribution of rest between each repetition (NFS). 10 male judoists completed a session consistin...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0031-1299699
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (H-P-T) axis was evaluated in groups of endurance-trained (TRG) and untrained (UNT) males. Each group was subjected to: 1) a 4-h resting hormonal profile [testosterone (T), free-testosterone (FT), estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), and cortisol (C)], 2) a d...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1024811
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine measures of total and regional body composition using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in NCAA Division I collegiate equestrian athletes, 31 female collegiate equestrian athletes were matched to a population of normal controls by age and body mass index. Total and regional fat tissue mass (FM), lean tissue m...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-0863-4607
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examines the effects of a 7 weeks sub-maximal training period of electrostimulation on the maximal isometric, concentric, eccentric voluntary torque and muscle contractile properties of the elbow flexor muscles of nine subjects. The daily program consisted of five series of six 6-s isometric actions (60 to ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2000-8882
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the influence of autonomic blockade (AB) on the left ventricular (LV) diastolic function at rest (R) and during bicycle exercise (EX) in eight endurance-trained (TR) and ten untrained subjects (UT). Two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography at the parasternal long axis were performed at rest and duri...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-972921
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated whether 4 weeks of daily supplementation with 500 or 1000 mg of Vitamin C and 500 or 1000 IU of Vitamin E could modify biochemical and ultrastructural indices of muscle damage following a 21 km run. Fifteen experienced male distance runners were divided into two groups (vitamin or placebo) and ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-2002-19273
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies have shown that the 577R allele of α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) is more prevalent in sprint athletes than in the general population or in endurance athletes. We examined the distribution of ACTN3 R577X (rs 1815739) genotypes and alleles in the Taiwanese general population (603) and in elite sprint swimmers who had part...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0030-1263115
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to evaluate a mechanism which may be responsible for the often observed acute increase in residual lung volume (RV) following exercise, 12 non-smoking males (20-30 yrs) performed two bouts of exercise on separate days; one to maximal heart rate (HRmax) and one to 85% of HRmax for 20 min. Prior to exercise and...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1021039
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated sex-specific effects of surface instability on kinetics and lower extremity kinematics during drop jumping and landing. Ground reaction forces as well as knee valgus and flexion angles were tested in 14 males (age: 23±2 years) and 14 females (age: 24±3 years) when jumping and landing on stable ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0034-1384549
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aims of the study were to investigate the presence of a relative age effect and the influence of birth quarter on anthropometric characteristics, an estimation of biological maturity and performance in the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 in 606 elite, Flemish youth soccer players. The sample was divided i...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0032-1311654
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclists often use heart rate limits or power output zones, obtained from lactate parameters during incremental exercise testing, to control training intensity. However, the relationship between heart rate or power output, and blood lactate can be changed by several factors including dehydration. Therefore, in the cur...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2005-837460
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Training effects on peak oxygen consumption (VO2), specific to the mode of movement, are well-known in exercise training of young, healthy adults. However, these specific training effects were never studied in patients with coronary artery disease, but may be important in the evaluation of training effects of cardiac ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-2007-971930
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We tested the hypothesis that the initial heart rate (HR) response at the onset of maximal handgrip contraction is altered after training. 17 volunteers (nine trained and eight controls) performed ten intermittent static handgrip contractions with maximal effort, alternating between 15-s contractions and 15-s pauses. ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-989373
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum testosterone concentration was determined before and after physical activities of different duration. The subjects under study were: (1) 7 competitive walkers before and after a 20-km race (average race time 1 h 30 min); (2) 9 middle-distance runners before and after 1-h training; (3) 16 marathon runners before ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1025914
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One hundred and three women who were habitual distance runners and 74 age-matched physically inactive women provided three-day diet records. Intergroup differences in intakes of energy nutrients, micronutrients, cholesterol and fiber were evaluated via analysis of variance and, to assess qualitative differences, via a...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1024838
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to compare anaerobic running capacity (ARC, i.e., the distance that can be run using only stored energy sources in the muscle) determined from a 3-parameter systems model with other anaerobic indices and with running performance in the 800 m. Seventeen trained male subjects (.VO(2max) = 6...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2006-924516
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) administration on energy metabolism during exercise. Specifically, the contribution of anaerobic (glycogen) metabolism during exercise was evaluated. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to an experimental [rHuE...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-971919
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The reproducibility of performance in a laboratory test impacts on the statistical power of that test to detect changes of performance in experiments. The purpose of this study was to determine the reproducibility of performance of distance runners completing a 60 min time trial (TT) on a motor-driven treadmill. Eight...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-971879
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined the influence of 6% carbohydrate ingestion on hormonal and lymphocyte proliferative responses (5 total samples over 9 hours) to 2.5 h of high-intensity running by 30 experienced marathon runners. The T-cell response differed between groups, with the plac...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-2007-971962
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the etiology of factors influencing bone mineral density (BMD) in Hispanic women for the prevention of osteoporosis was the aim of this investigation. Whole body BMD (WBBMD) of 39 Hispanic, premenopausal women aged 22 - 51 years was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Maximal aerobic c...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2004-815839
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study compared rectal temperature (Tre), heat sensation and sweating between obese and non-obese boys during cycling in the heat. Participants (aged 12-15 years) were 17 obese and 16 non-obese (BMI=29.4±4.3 and 16.8±1.7 kg · m⁻², respectively) boys. They cycled for 30-min (50-55% VO(2peak)) in a climatic chamber ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0031-1301314
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During an overhead throw, the gluteal muscle group stabilizes the lumbopelvic-hip complex (LPHC), leading to efficient energy transfer from the lower to upper extremity. It has been shown that LPHC instability can lead to throwing pathomechanics. The single leg squat has become a common assessment for LPHC stability, ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-0577-3722
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The indirect identification of doping in sports can be performed by assessing athletes' hematological perturbations from the analysis of blood collected on different occasions. Because prosecution for doping based on this information requires expensive and time-consuming interpretation of blood analysis results by var...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/a-1019-7774
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this research was to study the effect of hand paddles on the pitch, the sweepback angles and other stroke kinematic characteristics of the hand during front crawl swimming. Ten female competitive swimmers swam without and with small (116 cm (2)) and large (268 cm (2)) paddles. Four cameras (60 Hz) were used...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-965570
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hind limbs of mice were immobilized with plaster cast for different periods of time, and the atrophy of the anterior tibial muscle was examined by measuring fiber cross sections. In a second series of experiments, mice were trained on a treadmill before and after immobilization. The most pronounced decrease in fib...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1025726
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been asserted that the consumption of oxygenated water can support physical working capacity. As this has not been accurately investigated yet we analyzed effects of a two-week period of daily O2-water ingestion on spiroergometric parameters and lactate metabolism in healthy adults. Twenty men (24 +/- 2.5 years...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2005-865633
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
