Abstract:
:The term "autoimmune thyroid disease" encompasses all of the autoimmune thyroid conditions, including Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, most cases of silent thyroiditis, and postpartum thyroiditis. Extrathyroidal manifestations (e.g., ophthalmopathy, dermopathy) can occur in Graves' disease and, less commonly, Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Spontaneous hypothyroidism is common in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and when it develops, life-long therapy with levothyroxine is needed. In the United States, most adult patients with Graves' disease are initially or eventually treated with radioiodine thyroid ablation. For transient thyroiditis involving hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, short-term or symptomatic therapy is adequate.
journal_name
Postgrad Medjournal_title
Postgraduate medicineauthors
Fatourechi Vdoi
10.3810/pgm.2000.01.810subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-01-01 00:00:00pages
127-34issue
1eissn
0032-5481issn
1941-9260journal_volume
107pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:The American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Family Physicians believe that infants, children, and adolescents benefit from having a medical home, characterized by accessible, continuous, comprehensive, family-centered, coordinated, compassionate, and culturally effective care. Several st...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3810/pgm.2010.03.2126
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allergy is responsible for many problems in the pediatric age-group. At times the most difficult job for the physician is to determine if the patient is indeed allergic and, if so, to what. Allergy skin testing remains the first choice for diagnostic study. Treatment consists of avoiding the offending allergen if poss...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1984.11716317
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic hepatitis B is a complex disease for which there are an increasing number of approved treatment options. Clinicians who strive to keep up to date on the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B will be in the best position to meet the challenge of managing patients with this serious infection. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.2006.07.1745
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) refers to several subgroups of disease in which the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) is elevated to more than 25 mm Hg, pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) ≤ 15 mmHg, and an elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) > 3 Wood units as confirmed by right heart catheterizati...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.2016.1188664
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goals of therapy for congestive heart failure (CHF) are to improve quality of life and to prolong it. Improvement in patients with CHF can only be realized, however, if a multidisciplinary healthcare team can provide effective management in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. Inhibition of compensatory mec...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.1997.01.143
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Performing office surgery well is an art. You can accomplish this by being attentive to several factors. These include, but are not limited to, providing an office environment that is pleasant, restful, and happy; using proper lighting, instruments, and suture techniques; using gentle techniques for local infiltration...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1983.11698400
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::As efforts to improve screening for colon cancer have increased, so has the importance of routine flexible sigmoidoscopy. However, the procedure is still underused, and about half of primary care physicians who recommend it refer their patients to other physicians. Increased use of this valuable screening tool is an i...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.1999.06.622
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study aimed to determine if there is an association between lipid levels, serum albumin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients on dialysis. METHODS:Lipid profiles, albumin, and CRP levels were collected after a 12-hour fast from patients with end-stage renal disease (N = 105) who were on chro...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3810/pgm.2010.05.2158
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Our aim was to investigate the association of liver fibrosis and necroinflammation with HS in untreated young patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). MATERIALS AND METHODS:A retrospective study was conducted in a military hospital in Turkey. A total of 254 subjects with CHB were included in this study. The...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.2016.1221733
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our diagnostic approach to a patient with dysphagia begins with detailed history taking and physical examination. On the basis of findings, a radiographic and/or endoscopic study of the esophagus is done. We usually have barium-swallow radiography done initially, and if the radiographs are equivocal, upper gastrointes...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.1992.11701537
更新日期:1992-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with nonpsychotic mental health and emotional problems are commonly seen by primary care physicians. The objective of this study was to expand the Provisional Diagnostic Instrument-4 (PDI-4) to include a short self-report screen for 5 common anxiety-related diagnoses: panic attack (PA), social phobia (SP), ob...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3810/pgm.2011.09.2463
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinicians are often perplexed by patients with bacterial infection who are not responding to oral antibiotic therapy. Since most of the commonly used antibiotics are excreted in the urine, inhibitory activity of urine against susceptible organisms can be used as a measure of patient compliance. To assess the reliabil...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1979.11715090
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyloidosis occurs in association with many diseases and can also be idiopathic. It is usually a systemic disease with variable presentations. The diagnosis should be suspected in patients with unexplained proteinuria, cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, peripheral neuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome, macroglossi...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persistent hoarseness in a patient should always alert the physician to the possibility of laryngeal carcinoma. Prompt visualization of the larynx is essential, particularly in high-risk patients over 40 years of age without a history of upper respiratory infection. Mirror examination (indirect laryngoscopy) is the us...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1980.11715452
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theophylline has long been a cornerstone of bronchodilator therapy for asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease, but until recently its use carried the risk of serious, even fatal, toxicity. With recent advances in understanding of this drug's pharmacologic properties and pharmacokinetic characteristics, serious to...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1984.11698651
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Syncope is a common complaint that is frequently evaluated without identifying a precipitating cause. Gelastic (laughter-induced) syncope is an uncommon and poorly understood condition. We describe 3 patients who experienced loss of consciousness during vigorous laughter. Each patient had an extensive medical evaluati...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.2010.11.2231
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The patient with jaundice may be accurately diagnosed through clinical history, physical findings, and noninvasive laboratory and radiologic examinations available in most community hospitals. Ultrasonography is usually the procedure of choice in initial evaluation, but if acute cholecystitis is suspected, hepatobilia...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary aldosteronism is a potentially curable cause of hypertension; it occurs in about 1% of hypertensive patients. In the case reported here, persistent hypokalemia developed in a 72-year-old man who had been treated for 13 years for essential hypertension. Investigation revealed elevated aldosterone level and redu...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute intermittent porphyria is an unusual syndrome that may be very difficult to differentiate from acute intraabdominal processes. Diagnosis requires the documentation of increased urinary porphobilinogen. Failure to perform appropriate tests early in the attack may necessitate diagnostic laparotomy to rule out intr...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.1989.11704454
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the link between cigarette smoking and its cardiovascular effects is well established, the mechanisms through which smoking raises blood pressure remain to be clarified. Possible mechanisms include nicotine-induced peripheral and central sympathetic nervous system stimulation, persisting levels of nicotine in...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.1996.11.114
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aspirin-induced hypersensitivity affects a substantial number of people, including 20% or more of asthmatic patients. A dramatic flare of symptoms occurs after indigestion of aspirin or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and symptoms can persist even after the agent is discontinued. Fortunately, aspirin desensitiz...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1991.11701086
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoblasts are mesenchymal cells that play a key role in maintaining bone homeostasis; they are responsible for the production of extracellular matrix proteins, regulation of matrix mineralization, control of bone remodeling and regulate osteoclast differentiation. Osteoblasts have an essential role in the pathogenes...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.2017.1362312
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unresolved grief refers either to the absence or to the prolongation of normal grief. It is identified by (1) painful response to recall of the deceased, (2) realization of not having accepted the loss or of not being able to grieve, and (3) unaccountable depression, emergence of medical symptoms on the anniversary of...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1976.11714374
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::When many physicians think of managed care, they think first of Kaiser Permanente, the nation's largest HMO. That perception is misguided, according to David M. Lawrence, MD, the chief executive officer and chairman of the boards of the Kaiser Foundation health plan and hospitals. During a phone interview recently, La...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1994.11945854
更新日期:1994-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Because new drugs continue to be developed, physicians treating patients with type 2 diabetes have a wide range of agents from which to choose. The newest class, the thiazolidinediones (TZDs), should be a mainstay of treatment for most patients with type 2 diabetes, because these agents reduce insulin resistance as we...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Solitary pulmonary nodules are usually identified on routine chest radiographs in asymptomatic patients. Most nodules have a benign cause, but bronchogenic carcinoma, metastases, and other malignant processes are important causes as well and must be excluded in differential diagnosis. Plain chest radiography, computed...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the face of deficiencies in our present system of introducing new drugs, clinicians must be committed to monitoring patients carefully. They must not be caught up in the hyperbole and excitement of the latest new drug, but instead should allow the crucible of time to teach them and the rest of the medical community...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1983.11697799
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The urine of less than 3% of healthy persons shows more than three red cells per high-power field, which is about the limit of sensitivity of test strips for occult blood. Even minimal hematuria may herald serious problems and must be investigated. Common causes include infection, urethritis, and urethrotrigonitis (25...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1987.11699979
更新日期:1987-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a commercially available weight loss program on weight and glycemic control among obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Participants included 69 patients (49 females, 20 males) with type 2 diabetes who had a mean +/- SD age of 52.2 +/- 9.5 years, a body mass index ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3810/pgm.2009.09.2046
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than one half of middle-aged Americans have undesirably high serum lipid levels. Diets high in fiber and carbohydrate and low in fat reduce serum lipid levels two to four times more than the widely recognized American Heart Association diet. High intake of soluble fiber is especially effective for lowering serum ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1987.11699970
更新日期:1987-09-15 00:00:00