Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Ketamine is a potent bronchodilator that, in clinically used concentrations, relaxes airway smooth muscle in part by a direct effect. This study explored the role of calcium concentration (Ca2+) in this relaxation. METHODS:Canine trachea smooth muscle strips were loaded with the fluorescent probe fura-2 and mounted in a spectro-photometric system to measure force and intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) simultaneously. Calcium influx was estimated using a manganese quenching technique. Cyclic nucleotides in the airway smooth muscle strips were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:In smooth muscle strips stimulated with submaximal (0.1 microM) and maximal (10 microM) concentrations of acetylcholine, ketamine caused a concentration-dependent decrease in force and [Ca2+]i. The sensitivity of the force response to ketamine significantly decreased as the intensity of muscarinic receptor stimulation increased; the median effective concentration for relaxation induced by ketamine was 59 microM and 850 microM for tissue contracted by 0.1 microM or 10 microM acetylcholine, respectively (P < 0.05). In contrast, the sensitivity of the [Ca2+]i response did not depend on the intensity of muscarinic receptor stimulation. Ketamine at 1 mM significantly inhibited calcium influx. Ketamine did not significantly increase cyclic nucleotide concentrations. CONCLUSIONS:Ketamine-induced relaxation of canine airway smooth muscle is associated with a decrease in [Ca2+]i and calcium influx, effects that are not mediated by an increase in cyclic nucleotides; and the sensitivity of the force response to ketamine decreases as the level of preexisting muscle tone increases, an effect that is not explained by differential effects on [Ca2+]i.
journal_name
Anesthesiologyjournal_title
Anesthesiologyauthors
Pabelick CM,Jones KA,Street K,Lorenz RR,Warner DOdoi
10.1097/00000542-199705000-00014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-05-01 00:00:00pages
1104-11issue
5eissn
0003-3022issn
1528-1175journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ANESTHESIOLOGY文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND:Establishment of early oral nutrition after surgery is associated with a decrease in morbidity and mortality. The following studies were undertaken to determine how surgery influences food-reinforced behavior in rats and to determine the relevance of afferent input from the incision site on this behavior. M...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200509000-00028
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Inhaled nitric oxide (NO) may be useful in the treatment of adult respiratory distress syndrome and other diseases characterized by pulmonary hypertension and hypoxemia. NO is rapidly converted to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in oxygen (O2) environments. We hypothesized that in patients whose lungs are mechanicall...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199505000-00020
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Remifentanil anesthesia enhances postoperative pain in animals and humans. The authors evaluated the impact of the dose (microg x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and duration of remifentanil infusion, and the effects of a second surgery on postoperative pain sensitization. METHODS:Mice received different doses of remifen...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181bfab61
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although it generally is agreed that halothane is a pulmonary vasodilator, its effect on venous admixture and hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction are more controversial. The effects of 2.4% halothane on pulmonary vascular resistance and venous admixture were investigated in an isolated canine lobe made atelectatic. Hal...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199208000-00013
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The most sensitive diagnostic criterion of myasthenia gravis is a decrement in the muscular response to repetitive stimulation. The authors hypothesized that myasthenia gravis patients who show a train-of-four ratio (T4/T1) < 0.9 in the preanesthetic period will have increased sensitivity to nondepolarizing ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200008000-00011
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although inhalation anesthetic agents are thought to impair cerebral autoregulation more than intravenous agents, there are few controlled studies in humans. METHODS:In the first group (n = 24), dynamic autoregulation was assessed from the response of middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (Vmca) to a t...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199507000-00008
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous attempts at improving operating room utilization have generally emphasized more accurate scheduling, starting the first case on time, and reducing turnover time. Surgical case cancellations have largely been ignored except for recommendations for preoperative screening and good physician-patient com...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200604000-00029
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs are commonly used to treat postoperative and chronic pain. Animal studies suggest that these drugs act, in part, by blocking prostaglandin production in the spinal cord. The authors tested intrathecal ketorolac in patients with chronic or postoperative pain. METHODS:After...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181d94dc0
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects on fertility and reproductive wastage of 110 female Swiss/Webster mice and postnatal survival of their offspring were examined after exposure to either air, 0.4% isoflurane, or 0.1% isoflurane. Treatments were for 4 h daily for 2 weeks before and during pregnancy. In a second experiment, the effects on fer...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-198512000-00017
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Perioperative beta-blockade has been shown to improve long-term cardiac outcome in noncardiac surgical patients. A possible mechanism for the reduced risk of perioperative myocardial infarction is the attenuation of the excitotoxic effects of catecholamine surges by beta-blockade. It was hypothesized that be...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199912000-00020
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The volatile anesthetic isoflurane reduces acute and delayed neuron death in vitro models of brain ischemia, an action that the authors hypothesize is related to moderate increases in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i). Specifically, the authors propose that during hypoxia, moderate increases in [...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200503000-00020
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-four patients survived life-threatening clinical anaphylaxis due to anesthesia. In each case the diagnosis of anaphylaxis was confirmed and the responsible drug was found by intradermal testing. To determine whether the reactions were anaphylactic or anaphylactoid, serum from each patient was tested for reagini...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-198004000-00006
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnesium plays a fundamental role in many cellular functions, and thus there is increasing interest in its role in clinical medicine. Although numerous experimental studies indicate positive effects of magnesium in a variety of disease states, large clinical trials often give conflicting results. However, there is cl...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e318210483d
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The authors hypothesized that myoclonus after etomidate is dose-related, could be suppressed when small doses of etomidate were administered before induction, and is unassociated with seizure-like activity on electroencephalogram (EEG). METHODS:Three studies were performed. In the first study, 36 men were r...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199901000-00017
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acid instillation leads to direct lung and to secondary systemic organ injury, probably via activated macrophages and neutrophils. This study investigated the effects of neutrophil elastase on organ injury after unilateral lung acid instillation by administrating a specific neutrophil elastase inhibitor, ONO...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199709000-00025
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies reported that thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) protected against a decrease in gastric intramucosal pH, suggesting that TEA increased gut mucosal perfusion. The current study examines the effects of TEA on ileal mucosa using intravital microscopy in anesthetized rats. METHODS:Nineteen rat...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200009000-00036
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Controversy exists regarding the effectiveness of propofol to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting. This prospective, randomized, single-blinded study was designed to evaluate the antiemetic effectiveness of 0.5 mg/kg propofol when administered intravenously after sevoflurane- compared with desflurane-b...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199810000-00007
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Breastfeeding is an important public health concern. High cumulative doses of epidural fentanyl administered for labor analgesia have been reported to be associated with early termination of breastfeeding. We tested the hypothesis that breastfeeding success is adversely influenced by the cumulative epidural ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000001793
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The spinal cord appears to be the site at which isoflurane suppresses movement that occurs in response to a noxious stimulus. In an attempt to localize its site of suppressant action, the authors determined the effect of isoflurane on dorsal horn neuronal responses to supramaximal noxious stimulation at end-...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199901000-00027
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neurokinins (e.g., substance P) contribute to pain transmission in the central nervous system, peripheral neurogenic inflammation, and leukocyte recruitment in inflammation. Leukocyte recruitment involves (1) up-regulation of adhesion molecule expression through neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptors on endothelial ce...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.anes.0000291454.90754.de
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiac complications are common during the postoperative period and may be associated with hypoxemia and tachycardia. Preliminary studies in high-risk patients after operation have shown a possible beneficial effect of oxygen therapy on arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate. METHODS:The authors studied...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199902000-00008
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Whether anesthetic agents administered during gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) affect reproductive outcome is controversial. This multicenter pilot trial and survey had two purposes: to evaluate the effect of propofol, nitrous oxide, midazolam, and isoflurane on pregnancy outcome after GIFT, and to dete...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1097/00000542-199901000-00007
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tracheal intubation frequently results in reversible bronchoconstriction. Propofol has been reported to minimize this response in healthy patients and in asthma patients, but may be unsuitable for hemodynamically unstable patients for whom etomidate may be preferable. The current study examined respiratory r...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199606000-00005
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In airway smooth muscle (ASM), volatile anesthetics deplete sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) stores by increasing Ca(2+) "leak." Accordingly, SR replenishment becomes dependent on Ca(2+) influx. Depletion of SR Ca(2+) stores triggers Ca(2+) influx via specific plasma membrane channels, store-operated Ca(2+...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200408000-00018
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:CW002 is a neuromuscular blocking drug that is inactivated by endogenous L-cysteine. This study determined the exogenous L-cysteine dose-response relationship for CW002 reversal along with acute cardiovascular effects and organ toxicity in dogs. METHODS:Six dogs were each studied four times during isofluran...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181d31f8c
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Isoflurane has been said to be more ventilatory depressant than halothane. However, data for comparing the respiratory effects of halothane and isoflurane in humans are insufficient at this time. The aim of this study was to extend our understanding of the nature of the central, as opposed to peripheral, ven...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-199409000-00007
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anesthetic preconditioning (APC) is a clinically important phenomenon in which volatile anesthetics (VAs) protect tissues such as heart against ischemic injury. The mechanism of APC is thought to involve K channels encoded by the Slo gene family, and the authors showed previously that slo-2 is required for A...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000001046
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cerebral metabolic effects of a massive dose of thiopental (177 mg/kg) were investigated in seven dogs. The systemic circulation was supported with an extracorporeal circuit. At an infusion rate of 2 mg/kg/min, cerebral oxygen consumption (CMR(O(2))) decreased progressively until cerebral electrical silence was pr...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200210000-00036
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Since the effects of antiemetic doses of droperidol on the QT interval have not been previously studied, the authors designed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the intraoperative and postoperative effects of small-dose droperidol (0.625 and 1.25 mg intravenous) on the QT interv...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-200506000-00007
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complications after major surgery are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The etiology of postoperative complications is complex, but poor cardiorespiratory reserve appears to be a key factor. There is increasing interest in the use of central and mixed venous oxygen saturation to guide therapeutic interventio...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181af59aa
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00