Identification of tamoxifen-DNA adducts formed by alpha-sulfate tamoxifen and alpha-acetoxytamoxifen.

abstract：:The development of a unique bioassay for cytotoxicity analysis of coal fly ash (CFA) particulate matter (PM) and its potential application for air quality monitoring is described. Using human cell lines, A549 and SK-MES-1, as live probes on microelectrode-embedded 96-well sensors, impedance changes over time are measu...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Moe B,Yuan C,Li J,Du H,Gabos S,Le XC,Li XF

更新日期：2016-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro techniques have been utilized to investigate the microsomal enzymes involved in the metabolism of lauric acid and to establish conditions in which it can be used as a model substrate for both cytochrome P450 4A and cytochrome P450 2E1 in human liver microsomes. Studies of enzyme kinetics of lauric acid omega-...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Clarke SE,Baldwin SJ,Bloomer JC,Ayrton AD,Sozio RS,Chenery RJ

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse cytochrome P450 2A5 (CYP2A5) is upregulated in various pathophysiological liver diseases and induced by structurally variable hepatotoxic chemicals. A putative common feature for all of these conditions is altered cellular redox status. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that is p...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lämsä V,Levonen AL,Leinonen H,Ylä-Herttuala S,Yamamoto M,Hakkola J

更新日期：2010-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:There is considerable evidence for the exposure of humans to an unknown ethylating agent, and some studies indicate that cigarette smoking may be one source of this exposure. Therefore, we have developed a liquid chromatography-nanoelectrospray-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry-selected reaction monitoring (LC-...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Balbo S,Villalta PW,Hecht SS

更新日期：2011-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Thioredoxin reductase (TR), an NADPH-dependent flavoenzyme that catalyzes the reduction of many disulfide-containing substrates, plays an important role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Trivalent arsenicals, especially methyl As that contains trivalent arsenic (MAs(III)), are potent noncompetitive inhibit...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lin S,Del Razo LM,Styblo M,Wang C,Cullen WR,Thomas DJ

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Idiosyncratic drug reactions (IDRs) represent a major clinical problem, and at present, the mechanisms involved are still poorly understood. One animal model that we have used for mechanistic studies of IDRs is penicillamine-induced autoimmunity in Brown Norway (BN) rats. Previous work in our lab found that macrophage...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Li J,Mannargudi B,Uetrecht JP

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolonged ingestion of Yellow Starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) and Russian Knapweed (Centaurea repens) by horses has been shown to result in a fatal neurodegenerative disorder called equine nigropallidal encephalomalacia (ENE). Bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts from Centaurea species using the PC12 cell li...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Tukov FF,Anand S,Gadepalli RS,Gunatilaka AA,Matthews JC,Rimoldi JM

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prodrugs of 1,2-bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)hydrazine (90CE) are promising anticancer agents. The 90CE moiety is a readily latentiated, short-lived (t1/2 ∼ 30 s) chloroethylating agent that can generate high yields of oxophilic electrophiles responsible for the chloroethylation of the O-6 position of guanine ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Penketh PG,Patridge E,Shyam K,Baumann RP,Zhu R,Ishiguro K,Sartorelli AC

更新日期：2014-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Kinetic simulation can help obtain deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms of complex processes, such as lipid peroxidation (LPO) in low-density lipoprotein (LDL). We have previously set up a single-compartment model of this process, initiating with radicals generated externally at a constant rate to show the int...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Abuja PM,Albertini R,Esterbauer H

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structure-function relationships for the inhibition of human cytochrome P450s (P450s) 1A1, 1A2, 1B1, 2C9, and 3A4 by 33 flavonoid derivatives were studied. Thirty-two of the 33 flavonoids tested produced reverse type I binding spectra with P450 1B1, and the potencies of binding were correlated with the abilities to in...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Shimada T,Tanaka K,Takenaka S,Murayama N,Martin MV,Foroozesh MK,Yamazaki H,Guengerich FP,Komori M

更新日期：2010-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Both cooked red meat intake and chronic inflammation/infection are thought to play a role in the etiology of colon cancer. The heterocyclic amine 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f ]quinoline (IQ) is formed during cooking of red meat and may be involved in initiation of colon cancer. Reactive nitrogen oxygen species (RNOS)...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lakshmi VM,Hsu FF,Zenser TV

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies on the metabolic bioactivation of the psychotomimetic amine phencyclidine have been pursued through the characterization of a new metabolite which is formed via initial cytochrome P-450 catalyzed oxidation of the parent drug to the corresponding iminium species. CI mass spectrometric and diode array UV and 1H ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Hoag MK,Schmidt-Peetz M,Lampen P,Trevor A,Castagnoli N Jr

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (CAS-RN 6959-96-3) (DMNQ) and 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (CAS-RN 58-27-5) (MNQ:menadione) are effective one electron redox cycling chemicals in vitro. In addition, in vitro MNQ forms a thioether conjugate with glutathione by nucleophilic attack at the third carbon. In contrast, here w...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Parry JD,Pointon AV,Lutz U,Teichert F,Charlwood JK,Chan PH,Athersuch TJ,Taylor EL,Singh R,Luo J,Phillips KM,Vetillard A,Lyon JJ,Keun HC,Lutz WK,Gant TW

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to both endogenous and exogenous formaldehyde has been established to be carcinogenic, likely by virtue of forming nucleic acid and proteins adducts such as N6-formyllysine. To better assess N6-formyllysine as a biomarker of formaldehyde exposure, we studied accumulation of N6-formyllysine adducts in tissues ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Edrissi B,Taghizadeh K,Moeller BC,Yu R,Kracko D,Doyle-Eisele M,Swenberg JA,Dedon PC

更新日期：2017-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the causes of Parkinson's disease (PD) are not fully understood, the consensus is that a combination of genetic and environmental factors plays a major role. The discovery that the synthetic chemical, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-derived N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), recapitulates...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Murphy D,Patel H,Wimalasena K

更新日期：2021-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex-, species-, and chain length-dependent renal elimination is the hallmark of mammalian elimination of perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs) and has been extensively studied for almost 30 years. In this review, toxicokinetic data of PFCAs (chain lengths ranging from 4 to 10) in different species are compared with an emphasi...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Han X,Nabb DL,Russell MH,Kennedy GL,Rickard RW

更新日期：2012-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effect of a series of Maillard reaction products formed from carbohydrates under household heating conditions on the growth of human tumor cells in vitro. 4-Hydroxy-5-methyl-3-(2H)-furanone (1) was found to potently enhance the proliferation of human tumor cells. In contrast, the Maillard-type chro...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Marko D,Habermeyer M,Kemény M,Weyand U,Niederberger E,Frank O,Hofmann T

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzo[a]pyrene, are widespread environmental carcinogens of human concern. Several enzymatic systems have been shown to activate benzo[a]pyrene 7, 8-dihydrodiol, the proximate carcinogenic metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene, to a reactive species which produces both a chemiluminesce...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Stansbury KH,Noll DM,Groopman JD,Trush MA

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The growth-promoting effects of estrogens in hormone-dependent tumor tissues involve receptor-mediated pathways that are well-recognized; however, the role of estrogens in tumor initiation remains controversial. Estrogen metabolites, primarily the catechol estrogens (CE's), have been implicated in tumor initiation via...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Mobley JA,Bhat AS,Brueggemeier RW

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-induced kidney injury (DIKI) is a common toxicity observed in pharmaceutical development. We demonstrated the use of label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and multiplex liquid chromatography-single reaction monitoring (LC-SRM) as practical extensions of standard immunoassay based safety bioma...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chen L,Smith J,Mikl J,Fryer R,Pack F,Williams BJ,Phillips JA,Papov VV Jr

更新日期：2017-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are produced during infection and inflammation, and the effects of these agents on proteins, DNA, and lipids are well recognized. In contrast, the effects of RNS damaged metabolites are less appreciated. 5-Amino-3-β-(d-ribofuranosyl)-3 H-imidazo-[4,5- d][1,3]oxazine-7-one (oxanosine) an...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Yu R,Kim Y,Maltseva N,Braunstein P,Joachimiak A,Hedstrom L

更新日期：2019-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:n-Hexane is metabolized to the gamma-diketone 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD), a derivative that covalently binds to lysine residues in neurofilament (NF) protein to yield 2,5-dimethylpyrrole adducts. Studies comparing the pyrrole-forming potential and neurotoxic potency of gamma-diketones have demonstrated that pyrrolylatio...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zhu M,Spink DC,Yan B,Bank S,DeCaprio AP

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The first method for generating (*)NO and O(2)(*)(-) at any known, constant ratio has been developed. Spermine NONOate and di(4-carboxybenzyl)hyponitrite decay with first-order kinetics and exactly equal rate constants (half-lives of 80 min) at 37 degrees C and pH 7.5 to give 200 and 40 mol % (*)NO and O(2)(*)(-), res...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Hodges GR,Marwaha J,Paul T,Ingold KU

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolically formed dihydrodiol epoxides in the bay-region of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are thought to be responsible for the genotoxic properties of these environmental pollutants. The hexacyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dibenzo[def,mno]chrysene (anthanthrene), although lacking this structural feature, was found ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Platt KL,Degenhardt C,Grupe S,Frank H,Seidel A

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Salmonella typhimurium (TA100) mutagenic compound, mucochloric acid [3,4-dichloro-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MCA)], was inactivated by in vitro N-acetylcysteine (NAC). The reaction of MCA with NAC at pH7 was second order and gave products 4, 5, and 6a that resulted from the displacement of chlorine from C-3 or C-4 ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： LaLonde RT,Xie S

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of paraquat (PQ2+) is attributed to intracellularly formed PQ*+, O(2)*-, H(2)O(2), and secondary.OH radicals generated through Fenton-like reactions. Yet, no antidote for PQ2+ toxicity in human has been found also due to poor cell permeability of many common antioxidants that remove toxic species predomin...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Goldstein S,Samuni A,Aronovitch Y,Godinger D,Russo A,Mitchell JB

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diastereomeric 8,5'-cyclopurine 2'-deoxynucleosides, containing a covalent bond between the deoxyribose and the purine base, are induced in DNA by ionizing radiation. They are suspected to play a role in the etiology of neurodegeneration in xeroderma pigmentosum patients. If not repaired, the S-8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyguan...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Huang H,Das RS,Basu AK,Stone MP

更新日期：2012-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of hepatotoxic doses of acetaminophen on tissue concentrations of CoA in the thiol form (CoASH) and as the corresponding mixed disulfide with GSH (CoASSG) were determined to test the hypotheses that early oxidant effects of acetaminophen are expressed principally in the mitochondrial compartment and that o...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rogers LK,Valentine CJ,Szczpyka M,Smith CV

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allyl alcohol (AA) is one of the environmental pollutants used as a herbicide and industrial chemical. AA undergoes enzymatic oxidation in vivo to form Acrolein (Acr), a highly reactive and ubiquitous environmental toxicant. The exposure to AA/Acr has detrimental effects on cells and is highly fatal. In corroboration ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Golla U,Bandi G,Tomar RS

更新日期：2015-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Basic research, exploring the hypothesis that 2-(ω-carboxyethyl)pyrrole (CEP) modifications of proteins are generated nonenzymatically in vivo is delivering a bonanza of molecular mechanistic insights into age-related macular degeneration, autism, cancer, and wound healing. CEPs are produced through covalent modificat...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Salomon RG,Hong L,Hollyfield JG

更新日期：2011-11-21 00:00:00