Abstract:
:C. Gilligan's (1982) critique of L. Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning and her assertion that two modes of moral reasoning (justice and care) exist have been the subject of debate within the field of psychology for more than 15 years. This meta-analysis was conducted to review quantitatively the work on gender differences in moral orientation. The meta-analysis revealed small differences in the care orientation favoring females (d = -.28) and small differences in the justice orientation favoring males (d = .19). Together, the moderator variables accounted for 16% of the variance in the effect sizes for care reasoning and 17% of the variance in the effect sizes for justice reasoning. These findings do not offer strong support for the claim that the care orientation is used predominantly by women and that the justice orientation is used predominantly by men.
journal_name
Psychol Bulljournal_title
Psychological bulletinauthors
Jaffee S,Hyde JSdoi
10.1037/0033-2909.126.5.703subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-09-01 00:00:00pages
703-26issue
5eissn
0033-2909issn
1939-1455journal_volume
126pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析abstract::A theory is presented that establishes a dominance hierarchy of potential distinctions (order relations) between two distributions. It is proposed that it is worthwhile for researchers to ascertain the strongest possible distinction, because all weaker distinctions are logically implied. Implications of the theory for...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.108.3.551
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Life history theory argues that exposure to early life adversity (ELA) accelerates development, although existing evidence for this varies. We present a meta-analysis and systematic review testing the hypothesis that ELA involving threat (e.g., violence exposure) will be associated with accelerated biological aging ac...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/bul0000270
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive neuroscience continues to build meaningful connections between affective behavior and human brain function. Within the biological sciences, a similar renaissance has taken place, focusing on the role of sleep in various neurocognitive processes and, most recently, on the interaction between sleep and emotion...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/a0016570
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of deductive reasoning has been a major paradigm in psychology for approximately the past 40 years. Research has shown that people make many logical errors on such tasks and are strongly influenced by problem content and context. It is argued that this paradigm was developed in a context of logicist thinking...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.128.6.978
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work examines the moderating effects of status stability, legitimacy, and group permeability on in-group bias among high- and low-status groups. These effects were examined separately for evaluative measures that were relevant as well as irrelevant to the salient status distinctions. The results support social id...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.127.4.520
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the influence of peers on adolescent smoking should vary depending on social dynamics, there is a lack of understanding of which elements are most crucial and how this dynamic unfolds for smoking initiation and continuation across areas of the world. The present meta-analysis included 75 studies yielding 237 ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/bul0000113
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research on bystander intervention has produced a great number of studies showing that the presence of other people in a critical situation reduces the likelihood that an individual will help. As the last systematic review of bystander research was published in 1981 and was not a quantitative meta-analysis in the mode...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/a0023304
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory focus theory (Higgins, 1997) has received growing attention in organizational psychology, necessitating a quantitative review that synthesizes its effects on important criteria. In addition, there is need for theoretical integration of regulatory focus theory with personality research. Theoretical integrati...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/a0027723
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unprecedented numbers of children experience parental incarceration worldwide. Families and children of prisoners can experience multiple difficulties after parental incarceration, including traumatic separation, loneliness, stigma, confused explanations to children, unstable childcare arrangements, strained parenting...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/a0026407
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article considers the evidence for an imitative deficit in autism and for the possible role of deficiencies in the representation of actions. An argument is developed for the claim that the imitation problem is diagnostic of a basic information-processing rather than a social dysfunction. Reviews are offered of t...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.116.2.259
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although agreeing with R. Lickliter and H. Honeycutt (2003) that evolutionary psychology lacks and should adopt a coherent developmental model to explain how evolved mechanisms become expressed in phenotypes, it is argued that adhering to the principles of developmental systems theory, despite enhancing evolutionary p...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.6.836
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interpersonal conflict is considered within various frameworks of adolescent development. Conflict, defined as behavioral opposition, is distinguished from related constructs. Differences between adolescent relationships and across age groups are reviewed in the incidence and intensity, resolution, and outcome of conf...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.115.2.197
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors suggest that the most promising route to effective strategies for the prevention of adolescent alcohol and other drug problems is through a risk-focused approach. This approach requires the identification of risk factors for drug abuse, identification of methods by which risk factors have been effectively ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.64
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oberauer et al. (2018) report the results of an ambitious project to identify key or "benchmark" empirical findings that have been associated with the concept of working memory. This commentary questions the utility of setting different levels of priority for previous findings for the purposes of advancing theoretical...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1037/bul0000162
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since their formulation by the Gestalt movement more than a century ago, the principles of perceptual grouping have primarily been investigated in the visual modality and, to a lesser extent, in the auditory modality. The present review addresses the question of whether the same grouping principles also affect the per...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/a0022335
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lillard et al. (2013) have done a thorough review of published pretend play research from the past 50 plus years. However, they did not thoroughly address the reasons why this body of research has such flaws as well as the contradictory or minimal findings that call into question strongly held views and published asse...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0030246
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors review research on judgments of random and nonrandom sequences involving binary events with a focus on studies documenting gambler's fallacy and hot hand beliefs. The domains of judgment include random devices, births, lotteries, sports performances, stock prices, and others. After discussing existing theo...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/a0014821
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We respond to Soenens and Vansteenkiste's (2019) commentary on our meta-analysis (Curran & Hill, 2019) that evidenced increases in college students' perfectionism from 1989 to 2016. In speculating on possible reasons for the increase, we argued that increases in anxious and controlling parenting could partly account f...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1037/bul0000189
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Grafts of fetal and nonfetal brain tissues have been successfully implanted into the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). The functional effects of neural grafting in the CNS of rodents and nonhuman primates in a variety of situations are reviewed. Research areas discussed included the effects of dopamine-rich graf...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.108.3.462
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This meta-analysis examined over 40 years of research on interracial interactions by exploring 4 types of outcomes: explicit attitudes toward interaction partners, participants' self-reports of their own emotional state, nonverbal or observed behavior, and objective measures of performance. Data were collected from 10...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/a0025767
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article I review research and theory on the "interference paradigms" in Pavlovian learning. In these situations (e.g., extinction, counterconditioning, and latent inhibition), a conditioned stimulus (CS) is associated with different unconditioned stimuli (USs) or outcomes in different phases of the experiment;...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.80
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rich body of work in adult bilinguals documents an interconnected lexical network across languages, such that early word retrieval is language independent. This literature has yielded a number of influential models of bilingual semantic memory. However, extant models provide limited predictions about the emergence o...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/bul0000042
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::People perceive and conceive of activity in terms of discrete events. Here the authors propose a theory according to which the perception of boundaries between events arises from ongoing perceptual processing and regulates attention and memory. Perceptual systems continuously make predictions about what will happen ne...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.273
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychological distance and abstraction both represent key variables of considerable interest to researchers across cognitive, social, and developmental psychology. Moreover, largely inspired by construal level theory, numerous experiments across multiple fields have now connected these 2 constructs, examining how psyc...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/bul0000005
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reports an error in "Narrowing the transmission gap: A synthesis of three decades of research on intergenerational transmission of attachment" by Marije L. Verhage, Carlo Schuengel, Sheri Madigan, R. M. Pasco Fearon, Mirjam Oosterman, Rosalinda Cassibba, Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg and Marinus H. van IJzendoorn (Ps...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1037/bul0000149
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::People who enact multiple identities behave as if they possess 2 or more selves, each with its own characteristic moods, memories, and behavioral repertoire. Under different names, this phenomenon occurs in many cultures; in North American culture, it is frequently labeled multiple personality disorder (MPD). This art...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.116.1.143
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonhuman animals are ubiquitous to human life, and permeate a diversity of social contexts by providing humans with food and clothing, serving as participants in research, improving healing, and offering entertainment, leisure, and companionship. Despite the impact that animals have on human lives and vice versa, the ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/a0038147
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noise is a pervasive and influential source of stress. Whether through the acute effects of impulse noise or the chronic influence of prolonged exposure, the challenge of noise confronts many who must accomplish vital performance duties in its presence. Although noise has diffuse effects, which are shared in common wi...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/a0023987
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Screening and diagnostic tests are common in the fields of psychology, medicine, and education. Often there are several competing tests, and decisions must be made about the relative accuracy of those tests. This article describes a general measure that can be used for both continuous and dichotomous outcome measures....
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.1.167
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the magnitude, consistency, and stability across time of cognitive sex differences have been questioned. The present study examined these issues in the context of spatial abilities. A meta-analysis of 286 effect sizes from a variety of spatial ability measures was conducted. Effect sizes were partitio...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.2.250
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00