Abstract:
:The CNS controls reproduction through pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Episodic increases in the firing rate of unidentified hypothalamic neurons have been associated with downstream markers of GnRH secretion. Whether this episodic electrical activity is intrinsic to GnRH neurons, intrinsic to other "pulse generator" neurons that drive GnRH neurons, or a combination of these is unknown. To determine if GnRH neurons display episodic firing patterns in isolation from other cell types, immortalized GnRH neurons (GT1-7 cells) were cultured on multiple microelectrode arrays. Long-term, multi-site recordings of GT1-7 cells revealed repeated episodes of increased firing rate with an interval of 24.8 +/- 1.3 (SE) min that were completely eliminated by tetrodotoxin, a sodium channel blocker. This pattern was comprised of active units that fired independently as well as coincidentally, suggesting the overall pattern of electrical activity in GT1-7 cells emerges as a network property. The A-type potassium-channel antagonist 4-aminopyridine (1 mM) increased both firing rate and GnRH secretion, demonstrating the presence of A-type currents in these cells and supporting the hypothesis that electrical activity is associated with GnRH release. Physiologically relevant episodic firing patterns are thus an intrinsic property of immortalized GnRH neurons and appear to be associated with secretion. The finding that overall activity is derived from the sum of multiple independent active units within a network may have important implications for the genesis of the GnRH secretory pattern that is delivered to the target organ. Specifically, these data suggest not every GnRH neuron participates in each secretory pulse and provide a possible mechanism for the variations in GnRH-pulse amplitude observed in vivo.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Nunemaker CS,DeFazio RA,Geusz ME,Herzog ED,Pitts GR,Moenter SMdoi
10.1152/jn.2001.86.1.86subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-07-01 00:00:00pages
86-93issue
1eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Neurons in the visual cortex respond selectively to stimulus orientation and spatial frequency. Changes in response amplitudes of these neurons could be the neurophysiological basis of orientation and spatial frequency discrimination. We have estimated the minimum differences in stimulus orientation and spatial freque...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1987.57.3.755
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of synaptic interconnections between the cerebellum and inferior olive, the sole source of climbing fibers, could contribute to the ontogeny of certain forms of motor learning (e.g., eyeblink conditioning). Purkinje cell complex spikes are produced exclusively by climbing fibers and exhibit short- and ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00481.2003
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The homeostatic model of delta sleep has provided a useful framework for basic sleep research. This model is based on the relation of delta EEG to the duration of prior waking in man, a relation highlighted by the marked increase (rebound) in the delta EEG of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep that follows total sl...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.6.2695
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can potentiate synaptic release at newly developed frog neuromuscular junctions. Although this potentiation depends on extracellular Ca(2+) and reflects changes in acetylcholine release, little is known about the intracellular transduction or calcium signaling pathways. We have...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.1.472
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adaptation to novel dynamics requires learning a motor memory, or a new pattern of predictive feedforward motor commands. Recently, we demonstrated the upregulation of rapid visuomotor feedback gains early in curl force field learning, which decrease once a predictive motor memory is learned. However, even after learn...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00748.2016
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied two human subjects with total deafferentation of one upper limb secondary to traumatic multiple cervical root avulsions. Both subjects developed a phantom limb and underwent elective amputation of the paralyzed, deafferentated limb. Psychophysical study revealed in each subject an area of skin in the pector...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.5.2753
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Presynaptic inhibition of synaptic transmission in the hippocampus was investigated by comparing the effects of several agonists on miniature excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs and mIPSCs). 2. The Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin increased the frequency of mEPSCs and mIPSCs but did not affect their amp...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.75.5.2017
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the ventral tegmental area (VTA), interactions between dopamine (DA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons are critical for regulating DA neuron activity and thus DA efflux. To provide a mechanistic explanation of how GABA neurons influence DA neuron firing, we developed a circuit model of the VTA. The model is ba...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00232.2016
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rewards in the natural environment are rarely predicted with complete certainty. Uncertainty relating to future rewards has typically been defined as the variance of the potential outcomes. However, the asymmetry of predicted reward distributions, known as skewness, constitutes a distinct but neuroscientifically under...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00471.2011
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human visual system is remarkably sensitive to environmental regularities, which can facilitate behavioral performance when sensory events conform to past experience. The point at which prior knowledge is integrated during visual perception is unclear, particularly for incidentally learned associations. One possib...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00733.2017
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms that could mitigate the effects of hypoxia on neuronal signaling are incompletely understood. We show that axonal performance of a locust visual interneuron varied depending on oxygen availability. To induce hypoxia, tracheae supplying the thoracic nervous system were surgically lesioned and action potentia...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00354.2016
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on balance in people with Parkinson's disease (PD) are not well established. This study examined whether DBS randomized to the subthalamic nucleus (STN; n = 11) or globus pallidus interna (GPi; n = 10) improved compensatory stepping to recover balance after a perturbation. T...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1152/jn.01052.2014
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spontaneous synchronized bursts of activity play an essential role in the maturation and plasticity of neuronal networks. To investigate the cellular properties that enable spontaneous network activity, we used dissociated cultures of hippocampal neurons that express prolonged network activity bursts. Acute exposure t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.91085.2008
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of a spatial population of cutaneous, Adelta, and C mechano-nociceptors to encode the location and intensity of a noxious, cutaneous indentation was examined using an isolated preparation in a rat model. Skin and its intact innervation were harvested from the medial thigh of the rat hindlimb and placed in ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.5.3049
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compression apparel is popular in both medical and sport performance settings. Perceived benefits are suggested to include changes in sensory feedback transmission caused by activation of mechanoreceptors. However, little is known about effects of compression apparel on sensorimotor control. Our purpose was to mechani...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00581.2017
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic transmission at the inner hair cell (IHC) afferent synapse, the first synapse in the auditory pathway, is specialized for rapid and reliable signaling. Here we investigated the properties of a hyperpolarization-activated current (I(h)), expressed in the afferent dendrite of auditory nerve fibers, and its role...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00506.2009
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) causes an overall deficit in binaural hearing, including the abilities to localize sound sources, discriminate interaural time and level differences (ITDs and ILDs, respectively), and utilize binaural cues to aid signal detection and comprehension in noisy environments. Few studies ha...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00349.2020
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary hyperalgesia is believed to be a key feature of "central sensitization" and is characterized by enhanced pain to mechanical nociceptive stimuli. The aim of the present study was to characterize, using EEG, the effects of pinprick stimulation intensity on the magnitude of pinprick-elicited brain potentials [e...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00444.2015
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on the expression and cellular function of sigma receptors in autonomic neurons were conducted in neonatal rat intracardiac and superior cervical (SCG) ganglia. Individual neurons from SCG and intracardiac ganglia were shown to express transcripts encoding the sigma-1 receptor using single-cell RT-PCR techniqu...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2002.87.6.2867
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We explored how contour information in primary visual cortex might be embedded in the simultaneous activity of multiple cells recorded with a 100-electrode array. Synchronous activity in cat visual cortex was more selective and predictable in discriminating between drifting grating and concentric ring stimuli than cha...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01070.2005
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potassium-chloride cotransporter 2 (KCC2) plays a role in epileptiform synchronization, but it remains unclear how it influences such a process. Here, we used tetrode recordings in the in vitro rat entorhinal cortex (EC) to analyze the effects of the KCC2 antagonist VU0463271 on 4-aminopyridine (4AP)-induced ictal...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00266.2019
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smooth pursuit eye movements stabilize slow-moving objects on the retina by matching eye velocity with target velocity. Two critical components are required to generate smooth pursuit: first, because it is a voluntary eye movement, the subject must select a target to pursue to engage the tracking system; and second, g...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00197.2015
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motor-unit synchronization, which is a measure of the near simultaneous discharge of action potentials by motor units, has the potential to influence spike-triggered average force and the steadiness of a low-force isometric contraction. The purpose of the study was to estimate the contribution of motor-unit synchroniz...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.1.358
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mitral cell primary dendrite plays an important role in transmitting distal olfactory nerve input from olfactory glomerulus to the soma-axon initial segment. To understand how dendritic active properties are involved in this transmission, we have combined dual soma and dendritic patch recordings with computational...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00057.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In humans with temporal lobe epilepsy and kainate-treated rats, the mossy fibers of the dentate granule cells send collateral axons into the inner molecular layer. Prior investigations on kainate-treated rats demonstrated that abnormal hilar-evoked events can occasionally be observed in slices with mossy fiber sprouti...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.79.1.418
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We studied the frequency responses of neurons in the nucleus ovoidalis (OV), the principal thalamic auditory relay nucleus of the chicken, in the subthreshold range of membrane potentials. The frequency response is the impedance amplitude profile evident in the voltage response to a broadband stimulus. The stimulus...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.71.4.1361
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variations in cortical oscillations in the alpha (7-14 Hz) and beta (15-29 Hz) range have been correlated with attention, working memory, and stimulus detection. The mu rhythm recorded with magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a prominent oscillation generated by Rolandic cortex containing alpha and beta bands. Despite its...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00535.2009
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamate-receptor-mediated synaptic transmission was studied in morphologically identified hippocampal dentate granule cells (DGCs; n = 31) with the use of whole cell patch-clamp recording and intracellular injection of biocytin or Lucifer yellow in slices prepared from surgically removed medial temporal lobe specime...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.6.3355
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have recently demonstrated that application of the mustard oil (MO), a small-fiber excitant and inflammatory irritant, to the rat maxillary molar tooth pulp induces significant increases in jaw muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity and neuroplastic changes in trigeminal (V) subnucleus caudalis. Since subnucleus o...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2001.85.5.1836
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interaural time differences (ITDs) conveyed by the modulated envelopes of high-frequency sounds can serve as a cue for localizing a sound source. Klein-Hennig et al. (J Acoust Soc Am 129: 3856, 2011) demonstrated the envelope attack (the rate at which stimulus energy in the envelope increases) and the duration of the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01048.2015
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00