Abstract:
:Cyclone Hudah struck the northeastern coast of Madagascar in the spring of 2000. Over a 5-month period, 11 700 relief kits consisting of bottles of water disinfectant and foldable jerry cans were distributed to the affected population. Five months after the cyclone, a survey was conducted in 12 villages to determine the impact of these relief kits on water quality. Seventy-six percent of the surveyed households reported using jerry cans, and 65% reported using the disinfectant. Stored water in households using both products had significantly less microbiological contamination than stored water in other households. To improve the prospects for a sustainable intervention, the response plan for future disasters should incorporate a transition to recovery and development, including formative research into local customs, beliefs, and water handling habits, and funding support to initiate social marketing.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Mong Y,Kaiser R,Ibrahim D,Rasoatiana,Razafimbololona L,Quick REdoi
10.2105/ajph.91.10.1577subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-10-01 00:00:00pages
1577-9issue
10eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048journal_volume
91pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined absence rates among US Department of Energy workers who had beryllium sensitization (BeS) or were diagnosed with chronic beryllium disease (CBD) compared with those of other workers. METHODS:We used the lymphocyte proliferation test to determine beryllium sensitivity. In addition, we app...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302132
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We describe common surgical and medical hospital admission rates for Maryland residents, exploring systematic effects of race and income. METHODS:The data comprise Maryland hospital discharges and population estimates for 1985 to 1987. Patient income is the race-specific median family income of residence zi...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.11.1435
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We determined whether a representative national probability sample of US community-dwelling older adults who reported less social support also reported poorer general health status, which is a robust predictor of prospective mortality among elders. METHODS:We analyzed 2 subsamples generated via random sampl...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.146894
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We determined racial/ethnic differences in social support and exposure to violence and transphobia, and explored correlates of depression among male-to-female transgender women with a history of sex work (THSW). METHODS:A total of 573 THSW who worked or resided in San Francisco or Oakland, California, were ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.197285
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess how US Public Health Emergency Preparedness (PHEP) awardees plan to respond to an influenza pandemic with vaccination. METHODS:The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed the Pandemic Influenza Readiness Assessment, an online survey sent to PHEP directors, to analyze, in part, the rea...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303952
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The median incidence rate of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among prisoners is 7 times higher than for the general population. Yet high-risk sexual activity and drug use in US correctional facilities remain unexamined. This study explores inmate perceptions of high-risk behavior in New York state ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.86.9.1211
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study analyzed associations between income eligibility criteria under the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) and state characteristics. METHODS:We used multivariate methods to explore relations between eligibility expansions under SCHIP and percentages of uninsured children from low-inco...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.9.1449
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wage theft, or nonpayment of wages to which workers are legally entitled, is a major contributor to low income, which in turn has adverse health effects. We describe a participatory research study of wage theft among immigrant Chinatown restaurant workers. We conducted surveys of 433 workers, and developed and used a ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301813
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The demands of equity and efficiency require a program of universal health insurance in the United States through which all workers will be provided by their employers with health insurance for themselves and their dependents, unemployment will no longer result in the loss of health insurance protection, and federal s...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.78.5.583
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To study the effects of several survey features on response rates in a general population health survey. METHODS:In 2012 and 2013, 8000 households in British Columbia, Canada, were randomly allocated to 1 of 7 survey variants, each containing a different combination of survey features. Features compared inc...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303198
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Because opinion leaders hold positions from which they may influence tobacco control efforts, this study examined their support for tobacco control policies and their involvement in tobacco control activities. METHODS:A telephone survey was administered to 712 California opinion leaders who were randomly se...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.90.8.1283
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the risk of hip fracture in Mexican Americans, the ethnicity of 80 women aged 50 years and over admitted with hip fractures to a Texas hospital was compared with that of age-matched women hospitalized for other reasons. The risk of fracture for Mexican Americans was only 35 per cent that of Whites (95% CI = ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.76.8.1020
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Our study tested the effectiveness of network methods for identifying opinion leaders and for constructing groups. METHODS:Three conditions-random, teacher, and network--ere randomly assigned to 84 6th-grade classrooms within 16 schools. Pre- and postcurriculum data on mediators of tobacco use were collecte...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.11.1837
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study identified behavioral and psychosocial/interpersonal factors in young adolescence that are associated with handgun carrying in later adolescence. METHODS:A sample of 2200 high school students was surveyed at 9th grade and again at 12th grade. RESULTS:Multivariate logistic regression analyses ind...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.88.6.960
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The scientific literature from January 1970 to June 1979 was reviewed for articles reporting outcomes from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest treated by paramedic programs. Only articles appearing in refereed professional journals and reporting 25 or more attempted resuscitations were included. A total of 21 articles from...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2105/ajph.70.3.236
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to estimate the effects of recreational physical activity and back exercises on low back pain, related disability, and psychological distress among patients randomized to chiropractic or medical care in a managed care setting. METHODS:Low back pain patients (n=681) were randomized and followed for...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.052993
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined self-reported health status, health behaviors, access to care, and use of preventive services of the US Hispanic adult population to identify language-associated disparities. METHODS:We analyzed 2003 to 2005 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 45 076 Hispanic adults in 23 states...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.119008
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the survival benefit bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for out-of-hospital emergencies in a paramedic served area of metropolitan Los Angeles. Clinical information for all events occurring between January 1 and December 31, 1978 was obtained from paramedic report forms and hospital medical ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.73.7.766
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer registries are a valuable resource for recruiting participants for public health-oriented research, although such recruitment raises potentially competing concerns about patient privacy and participant accrual. We surveyed US central cancer registries about their policies for research contact with patients, and...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.061556
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present results from life history interviews with 60 young adults from southern Uganda. Using a novel qualitative case-control design, we compared newly HIV-positive cases with HIV-negative controls matched on age, gender, marital status, and place of residence. Relationship context was the most salient theme diffe...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301670
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the public health literature, it is generally assumed that the perception of "targeting" as positive or negative by the targeted audience depends on the product or message being promoted. Smoking prevalence rates are high among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals, but little is known about ho...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.118174
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the potential relation of mental ability test scores at age 10 years with alcohol problems and alcohol intake at age 30 years. METHODS:We used data from a prospective observational study involving 8170 members of a birth cohort from Great Britain born in 1970. Data included mental ability scores...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2007.109488
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than 100 years ago, public health began as an organized discipline, its purpose being to improve the health of populations rather than of individuals. Given its population-based focus, however, public health perennially faces dilemmas concerning the appropriate extent of its reach and whether its activities infri...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.91.11.1776
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An analysis was performed of direct maternal mortality over 22 years (1950 through 1971) in the state of Michigan. The overall direct maternal mortality rate fell from 5.0/10,000 live births in 1950 to 1.5 in 1971. The rate among nonwhites was more than four times greater than among whites and the difference in relati...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.67.9.821
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper compares cases of paralytic poliomyelitis reported to the systems operated by the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for reporting of adverse events associated with vaccination. Of the 118 cases of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.86.5.734
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes the all-cause mortality experience, following a fracture of the hip, of 712,027 persons covered by the Medicare program from 1984 through 1987. White women experienced the lowest mortality rate (17.2 per 1000 person-months), followed by Black women (22.9 per 1000 person-months), Black men (33.5 pe...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.8.1147
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We quantified the relationship between gonorrheal infection rates in California and a measure of poverty status and investigated how this relationship and the spatial dispersion of cases varied among the 4 dominant racial/ethnic groups in the state. METHODS:We geocoded gonorrhea cases reported in California...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.172965
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing evidence indicates that women in prison are particularly vulnerable to many negative health outcomes, including cervical cancer. The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is an effective tool to screen for this disease. To determine what is and is not working with the Pap test and follow-up treatment, we performed qualitati...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.063677
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationships of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol with body composition, leisure-time physical activity, cigarette smoking, and education were examined in a community-based sample of 480 Black and 1337 White women. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated inverse associations of HDL with body mass ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.1.98
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined migration-related changes in smoking behavior in the transnational Mexican-origin population. METHODS:We combined epidemiological surveys from Mexico (Mexican National Comorbidity Survey) and the United States (Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys). We compared 4 groups with increasing...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300739
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00