Microscopic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural properties of peri-implant mucosa in humans.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Microscopic and immunocytochemical studies have demonstrated both similarities and differences between the gingival mucosa and the peri-implant mucosa restored around dental implants. METHODS:This study was performed on 10 samples of peri-implant mucosa from 10 patients who had undergone implant treatment 16 to 18 months before. Microscopic, ultrastructural, and immunocytochemical investigations were performed to characterize the epithelial and connective layers of the peri-implant mucosa. RESULTS:All specimens showed the morphologic characteristics of well restored tissues. The immunocytochemical reactions used to detect cytokeratins demonstrated that the restored peri-implant mucosa had a non-keratinized epithelium. The apical part of the inner epithelium was a few cell layers thick, like the corresponding junctional epithelium, but it stained positively with the markers for the cytokeratins expressed by the stratified epithelia. Ultrastructurally the keratinocytes adjacent to the implant displayed nuclei containing a rich cytoplasm with filaments and specialized intercellular junctions right up to the more superficial strata. Immunocytochemical reactions and ultrastructural observations demonstrated the presence of non-keratinocyte cells; i.e., Langerhans cells, melanocytes, and Merkel cells. Several cells were found to be proliferating by immunoreaction with mAb anti-PCNA, while immunoreactions with mAbs to detect von Willebrand factor, CD34, and vascular endothelial growth factor marked the well-developed networks of blood and lymphatic vessels in the connective tissue. S-100 and protein gene product 9.5 positive nerve fibers were marked. Immunocytochemical reactions with mAbs anti-vimentin, anti-laminin were also performed. CONCLUSIONS:Our results demonstrated that all the epithelial and connective components of the mucosa are involved in the substantial regrowth of the peri-implant tissue and subsequently in the success of the implant.

journal_name

J Periodontol

authors

Marchetti C,Farina A,Cornaglia AI

doi

10.1902/jop.2002.73.5.555

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2002-05-01 00:00:00

pages

555-63

issue

5

eissn

0022-3492

issn

1943-3670

journal_volume

73

pub_type

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