Abstract：
:Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is the most useful invasive technique for diagnosing lung cancer. This article details the use and efficacy of bronchoscopy with such established techniques as forceps biopsy, brush biopsy, and bronchial washing in the diagnosis and staging of bronchoscopically visible central lung cancer and peripheral lung cancer. The efficacy of such newer techniques as transbronchial needle aspiration, transbronchial curettage, ultrathin fiberoptic bronchoscopy, and quantitation of tumor markers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is also discussed, along with the complications of bronchoscopy and new techniques for detecting early lung cancer.
journal_name
Clin Chest Medjournal_title
Clinics in chest medicineauthors
Arroliga AC,Matthay RAsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-03-01 00:00:00pages
87-98issue
1eissn
0272-5231issn
1557-8216journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:As parenchymal lung disease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease becomes increasingly severe there is a diminishing prospect of drug therapies conferring clinically useful benefit. Lung volume reduction surgery is effective in patients with heterogenous upper zone emphysema and reduced exercise tolerance, and is p...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2013.10.011
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although they are complex, the pulmonary-renal syndromes can be readily understood and managed using a clinical approach firmly grounded in the fundamental pathophysiology of these disorders. Several important principles must be borne in mind. First, therapeutic intervention must be preceded by making as firm a diagno...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tuberculosis (TB) epidemic is well controlled in most developed countries and the focus in these areas has shifted to TB eradication. Transmission within nonendemic areas is limited and most cases of TB result from reactivation of distant (latent) infection. With adequate resources, wide-scale use of preventive th...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2009.08.012
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since last reviewed in this forum, there have been remarkable advances in our understanding of the acute inflammatory process and how it contributes to the development of ALI. As stated in the beginning of this article, it is not possible to even begin to review all the specific advances that have been made. Instead, ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70159-3
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tobacco dependency syndrome is an organic disease caused by chronic use of inhaled tobacco smoke. It is occasionally controlled by willpower alone, but often requires pharmacotherapy in conjunction with various techniques to manage the psychological manifestations. The two effective drugs are bupropion, which is an or...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70018-6
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, long-term complications of artificial airways are rare but important sequelae of artificial airways. Many of the potential long-term complications of translaryngeal intubation and tracheotomy are similar and overlapping. Although most patients who undergo these procedures tend to tolerate them without diff...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(03)00048-0
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The process of smoking cessation involves progression through five stages of change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. Most patients are not prepared to take action on their smoking, yet most smoking cessation programs are designed for smokers who are so prepared. Small percentages...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sjögren's syndrome is one of the most common systemic rheumatic diseases. Pulmonary disease is prevalent in Sjögren's syndrome; respiratory manifestations include chronic cough, obstructive airways disease, pulmonary lymphoma, and interstitial lung disease that may progress to severe pulmonary fibrosis. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70110-6
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare syndrome characterized by the accumulation of surfactant in alveoli and terminal airways resulting in respiratory failure. PAP comprises part of a spectrum of disorders of surfactant homeostasis (clearance and production). The surfactant production disorders are caused by...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2016.04.006
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with diagnosed or suspected lung cancer first require appropriate staging and proven anatomic resectability. Excellent pre-operative spirometric data (FEV1 > 2.0 L, > 60% predicted) should recommend the patient for surgery immediately without further testing. Those whose preoperative FEV1 is less than 60% pre...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The heart and lungs are intimately linked. Hence, impaired function of one organ may lead to changes in the other. Accordingly, heart failure is associated with airway obstruction, loss of lung volume, impaired gas exchange, and abnormal ventilatory control. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is an excellent tool for ev...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2019.02.010
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the rare exceptions of PAH associated with antiphospholipid antibodies, genetic platelet dysfunction, or inherited deficiencies of antithrombotic pathways, the thrombotic lesions are secondary, but frequently occurring, in most cases of primary or secondary PAH. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is associated with ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70283-5
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies suggest clinically manifest cardiac involvement occurs in 5% of patients with pulmonary/systemic sarcoidosis. The principal manifestations of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) are conduction abnormalities, ventricular arrhythmias, and heart failure. Data indicate that an 20% to 25% of patients with pulmonary/systemic s...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2015.08.008
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanical ventilation has become a very common and well-accepted practice in modern intensive care units. The use of the mechanical ventilator has progressed from being a support system during surgery and for acutely ill patients to being used in both moderate and long-term life support in patients with inadequate ve...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The host response to microbial invasion in the lung must be sufficiently vigorous to allow for microbial eradication but appropriately controlled to prevent spillover of the response into the systemic circulation. Although inflammatory responses in pneumonia are generally compartmentalized, microbial and host factors ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2004.10.009
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical applications of bronchoalveolar lavage are assessed in regard to its current place as an aid for the practicing physician in the management of individual patients. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cause and presentation of empyema thoraces has changed little since it was first described. The natural history of the disease can be divided into different stages. Different therapeutic measures, medical and surgical, are available for the treatment at various stages. The management of empyema is discussed, empha...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70086-1
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity is a major risk factor for asthma. This association appears related to altered dietary composition and metabolic factors that can directly affect airway reactivity and airway inflammation. This article discusses how specific changes in the western diet and metabolic changes associated with the obese state affe...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2018.10.007
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary thromboembolism is a major cause of maternal mortality. DVT causes significant morbidity in pregnancy and in later life owing to the post-thrombotic syndrome. Obstetricians must have an understanding of the risk factors for VTE, the appropriate use of prophylaxis, the need for objective diagnosis in women wi...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(02)00055-2
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews aspects of mechanical ventilation in patients without lung injury, patients in the perioperative period, and those with neurologic injury or disease including spinal cord injury. Specific emphasis is placed on ventilator strategies, including timing and indications for tracheostomy. Lung protectiv...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2016.07.010
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhaled particles are cleared from the airways by ciliary transport of a discontinuous mucous layer. The effectiveness of this process depends on the viscoelastic properties of the secretion, which in turn depend on the composition and interaction of the glycoprotein constituents. In human airways, two major cell type...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacologic treatment of the reversible elements of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is discussed in this article. Discussion focuses on three classes of bronchodilator drugs--the sympathomimetic agents, the methylxanthines, and the anticholinergic agents. A section on corticosteroid use in patients with ch...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endobronchial ablative therapies, such as mechanical debulking, laser therapy, electrocautery, argon plasma coagulation, cryotherapy, brachytherapy, photodynamic therapy, microdebrider bronchoscopy, resector balloon deobstruction, and intratumoral chemotherapy, are performed through a rigid or flexible bronchoscope in...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2017.11.008
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most gravidas with asthma can be managed with an inhaled beta-adrenergic agonist (terbutaline or epinephrine) and beclomethasone dipropionate. The administration of prednisone to control exacerbation of asthma is appropriate and should not be withheld if current medications are inadequate. The outcome of pregnancy in ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because there is insufficient cellular energy for organisms to perform their functions at the same constant rate and at the same time, all biologic processes show rhythmicity, each with its own unique frequency, amplitude, and phase. Optimal sleep and wakefulness requires proper timing and alignment of desired sleep-w...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2010.02.009
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Management of acute lung injury (ALI) and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is largely supportive, with the use of mechanical ventilation being a central feature. Recent advances in the understanding of ALI/ARDS and mechanical ventilation have revealed that lung-protective ventilation strategies may atten...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2006.06.008
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A multitude of overlapping defenses has evolved to help combat the inventiveness of pathogens seeking to invade us, and because the lung is the most common primary route of infection, it is in the lung that the most varied responses are seen. This article focuses on recent research, particularly in innate immunity, an...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2012.03.003
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pregnancy induces significant physiologic stresses on the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems that may precipitate respiratory compromise. In addition, certain disease states that are unique to the pregnant woman, such as amniotic fluid emboli syndrome, may be associated with respiratory failure. The physiologic chan...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2004.01.010
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Airway inflammation due to exposure to a wide variety of agents encountered in the workplace is a major cause of occupational asthma. This article reviews major examples of occupational asthma linked to airway inflammation, including their epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical course. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with MAC-PD and pre-existing lung disease are a distinct group from the more common and recently recognized group of predominantly middle- to older-aged women without pre-existing lung disease. Those with pre-existing disease are expected to have more sputum positivity and slower conversion of sputum with tre...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(02)00022-9
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
