Abstract:
:Neuropeptide Y (NPY) peptide concentrations in the arcuate nucleus have recently been shown to be modulated by gonadal steroids in the male rat. The present study was designed to determine whether NPY messenger RNA (mRNA)-synthesizing cells in the arcuate nucleus (Arc) of the male rat are regulated by testosterone (T) and whether there is a sexual dimorphism in the expression of the NPY gene in this region. In situ hybridization and quantitative autoradiography were used to assess the level of NPY gene expression in the Arc. In the first experiment, NPY mRNA levels were measured in the Arc of intact, castrated, and castrated male rats treated with T to maintain physiological (1.3 +/- 0.1 ng/ml) and supraphysiological (5.3 +/- 0.4 ng/ml) plasma levels of T. A 2-week castration produced a modest but significant decrease in NPY mRNA levels in the Arc (P < 0.05). Replacement with either physiological or supraphysiological levels of T prevented the effect of castration on NPY gene expression, and there was no further potentiation of NPY gene expression in those animals that received high levels of T. In the second experiment, NPY gene expression was compared throughout the Arc between intact male and female rats at 1800 h on the afternoon of proestrus. Comparison of NPY gene expression throughout the rostro-caudal extent of the Arc showed that male rats had significantly more NPY mRNA-containing cells than female rats (P < 0.01). This difference was most strikingly observed in the caudal portions of the nucleus (3.80 mm caudal to bregma). No difference was detected in the mean levels of NPY gene expression in the Arc between male and female rats. These data demonstrate that 1) NPY gene expression throughout the arcuate nucleus is modulated by T in male rats, and 2) a marked regional sex difference exists in the distribution of NPY mRNA-containing cells in the caudal extremity of the Arc. It is hypothesized that gonadal hormones may exert both organizational and activational effects upon NPY neurons in the Arc.
journal_name
Endocrinologyjournal_title
Endocrinologyauthors
Urban JH,Bauer-Dantoin AC,Levine JEdoi
10.1210/endo.132.1.8419120subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-01-01 00:00:00pages
139-45issue
1eissn
0013-7227issn
1945-7170journal_volume
132pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ENDOCRINOLOGY文献大全abstract::A sensitive radioimmunoassay is described for the measurement of plasma concentrations of canine growth hormone (cGH) as low as 0.25 ng/ml. The assay utilizes enzymatically iodinated cGH and the double antibody technique. The mean plasma concentration of growth hormone in the normal dog after overnight fast is 1.75 pl...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-96-3-822
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate GH's role in diabetic end organ damage, experimental diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ) in bovine GH (bGH) or bGH antagonist transgenic mice and in their nontransgenic (NTG) litter mates. Body growth, blood glucose, serum insulin-like growth factor-I levels, liver GH receptor (GHR) binding, ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.136.2.7835300
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the preovulatory and estradiol-progesterone-induced GnRH-LH surge, a subpopulation of GnRH neurons transiently expresses the transcription factor c-fos, which is a useful marker of cell activation. To further characterize this subpopulation of GnRH neurons, multiple immunohistochemical procedures were applied t...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.141.2.7299
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has previously only been possible to assess osteoclastic bone resorption in intact bone, where other cell types may modify or mediate osteoclastic responses to environmental agents. We have recently developed techniques which enable us to measure bone resorption by osteoclasts extracted from bone and have used thes...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-116-1-234
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sertoli cells regulate differentiation and development of the testis and are essential for maintaining adult testis function. To model the effects of dysregulating Sertoli cell number during development or aging, we have used acute diphtheria toxin-mediated cell ablation to reduce Sertoli cell population size. Results...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2017-00196
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoxia and biological responses to hypoxia are commonly encountered in both normal and pathologic cellular processes. Here we report that extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) plays a major role in regulating the magnitude of hypoxia-induced erythropoietin (Epo) gene expression, thus implicating superoxide as a...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2004-1007
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vivo, fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) inhibits longitudinal bone growth. Similarly, activating FGF receptor 3 mutations impair growth in achondroplasia and thanatophoric dysplasia. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, we chose a fetal rat metatarsal organ culture system that would maintain growth plate hist...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.139.6.6032
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we investigated the hypothalamic regulatory role of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in the control of LH and PRL secretion. Overiectomized ewes were surgically prepared with bilateral guide tubes directed at the preoptic area (POA) or medial basal hypothalamus (MBH). After rec...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.137.8.8754770
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of chronic stress paradigms have been shown to increase basal activity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, resulting in hypercorticoidism. Despite this, chronically stressed rats typically exhibit facilitated ACTH responses to acute novel stress, suggesting that the activity of some central ne...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.133.6.8243290
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Once reserved solely for the treatment of short stature, the now readily available recombinant GH has expanded the use of the hormone to include the treatment of cardiovascular, renal, muscular, skeletal, immunological, psychosocial, and metabolic abnormalities associated with GH deficiency. There are also proposals f...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2006-1333
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We hypothesized the existence of vagal arginine sensors in the liver which modulate arginine-induced pancreatic hormone secretion. The present study was carried out to examine the efferent pathways and receptor mechanisms from arginine sensors using selective vagotomies and autonomic drugs on the secretion of insulin ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-127-4-2017
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A substantial body of experimental evidence indicates that serotonin (5-HT) and several synthetic 5-HT receptor agonists activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. To explore the mechanism(s) by which 5-HT or 5-HT agonists enhance the activity of the HPA axis in vitro, we examined the stimulatory effects ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-126-4-1888
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on suckling-induced oxytocin release was investigated by recording intramammary pressure changes in suckled rats treated iv with THC (0.5 mg/kg BW) or vehicle. Latency to the first posttreatment milk ejection and posttreatment milk ejection intervals and pressure wave a...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-123-1-469
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In adult male rhesus monkeys, 1 day of fasting leads to a profound suppression of LH secretion that is rapidly reversed with refeeding. To test the hypothesis that changes in insulin secretion during fasting and refeeding mediate the changes in LH secretion, blood samples for LH measurement were obtained between 0900-...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.137.6.8641210
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several observations suggest that GH stimulates sebaceous gland growth and development. Therefore, we studied the effects of GH and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), alone and with androgen, on sebaceous epithelial cell (sebocyte) growth and differentiation in vitro. The rat preputial cell culture model system was u...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.140.9.6957
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The secretion of LH, PRL, and cortisol was investigated in 4 sexually mature female rhesus macaques with cardiac catheters protected by tethers. Based on endocrine parameters, all 4 of the animals ovulated within 2 months from the time they were tethered, and regular menstrual cycles of 24-34 days were observed. The c...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-115-1-261
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current in vivo and in vitro data indicate that progesterone (P) is required for epithelial proliferation in mammary glands of adult mice. P receptors (PgR) in adult mammary glands are under estrogenic regulation. By contrast in immature, pubertal 5-week-old mice, PgR are present only in low concentration and cannot b...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-122-2-464
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dispersed Leydig cells were prepared from pig testes and purified in a discontinuous Percoll gradient. About 95% of these cells stained for 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. The cells were cultured in a chemically defined medium. Testosterone production was low (2 +/- 0.4 ng/10(6) cells/day) under basal conditions,...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-112-6-1952
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have suggested that the ovary produces a factor that maintains the pituitary in a state of low LHRH responsiveness that must be overcome by the self-priming action of LHRH. To determine the role of inhibin in maintaining low LHRH responsiveness in pituitaries of diestrous female rats, endogenous inhib...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.130.3.1537310
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we have examined the effects of FSH, forskolin, and (Bu)2cAMP on messenger RNA (mRNA) levels for all known subunits of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in rat Sertoli cells, using newly developed complementary DNA (cDNA) probes. mRNAs for the three regulatory subunits [RI alpha, RII51, (RII beta), an...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-122-6-2658
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estrogens have pronounced effects on thermoregulation, as illustrated by the occurrence of hot flushes secondary to estrogen withdrawal in menopausal women. Because neurokinin B (NKB) gene expression is markedly increased in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus of postmenopausal women, and is modulated by estrogen withd...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1492
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular forms of GnRH in amphibia have not been characterized structurally. An antiserum to mammalian GnRH that shows appreciable cross-reactivity with chicken GnRH-I ([Gln8]GnRH), chicken GnRH-II ([His5,Trp7,Tyr8]GnRH), and salmon GnRH ([Trp7, Leu8]GnRH) was used in a RIA to detect GnRH-related peptides in an e...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.132.5.8477660
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytosols of whole testicular homogenates from the Syrian golden hamster contained specific binding sites for [3H]triamcinolone acetonide that exhibited limited capacity and high affinity binding characteristic of glucocorticoid receptors in other target tissues. The receptor complex sedimented as an 8.6S binder in low...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-109-5-1331
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The binding of oxytocin (OT) to receptors in rabbit amnion cells stimulates PGE2 release. We previously studied the binding characteristics, changes in receptor concentration during pregnancy, and agonist specificity of OT action on amnion cells. In this study the molecular size of OT receptors in rabbit amnion was es...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.130.6.1317790
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity (CRF) and plasma ACTH were measured in rats bearing bilateral lesions of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Four to 6 days after stereotaxic surgery, CRF-like immunoreactivity content of the stalk-median eminence was reduced by 87-90% and the ACTH response to a 3-mi...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-114-1-57
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The membrane fraction from the ovaries of pseudopregnant rats exhibits specific, high affinity binding of high density lipoproteins (HDL). Previous studies have indicated that HDL binding in this tissue is up-regulated by hCG and may be involved in supplying cholesterol as substrate for steroid hormone production. To ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-126-4-2137
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rat pituitary cells express messenger RNA for the activin-binding protein, follistatin (FS), and rat and bovine pituitary cell cultures secrete FS into the medium. In the present study, a previously validated, heterologous RIA for ovine FS was employed to investigate FS synthesis, secretion, and regulation in cultures...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.136.10.7664660
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::PTH increases calcium reabsorption exclusively in the distal nephron. Two mechanisms of Ca++ transport through the basolateral membrane (BLM) have been described: the ATP-dependent and the sodium gradient-dependent transport. In the present study, we investigated the effect of PTH and (Bu)2cAMP on these two mechanisms...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-128-1-251
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the possibility that a common phenomenon might exist by which glucocorticoids influence responses to thyroid hormones, the cytosol levels of four proteins were measured after 2 days of treatment with L-T3 (T3; 50 micrograms/100 g. day 2) and/or cortisone (2 mg/100 g./day) in adult male hypothyroid rats....
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-111-2-653
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of calcium in the angiotensin II- or potassium-mediated increase in aldosterone production was analyzed in isolated glomerulosa cells prepared from bovine adrenal glands. The response to potassium was highly dependent on the extracellular calcium concentration, and a maximal response was observed at 0.5 mM ca...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-109-6-2196
更新日期:1981-12-01 00:00:00