Pharmacokinetics of glycopyrronium in uraemic patients.

abstract：:Spinal anaesthesia is the preferred anaesthetic technique for elective Caesarean deliveries. Hypotension is the most common side-effect and has both maternal and neonatal consequences. Different strategies have been attempted to prevent spinal-induced hypotension, including the use of low-dose bupivacaine. We conducte...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Arzola C,Wieczorek PM

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Development targets in anaesthetic pharmacology have evolved from minimizing harm caused by unwanted effects through an era in which rapid onset and offset of drug effect were prioritised. Today's anaesthetists have access to a library of effective drugs whose characteristics offer controllable hypnosis, analgesia and...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Sneyd JR

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thirty patients for elective lower segment Caesarean section were randomly divided into two groups. One group received 50 mulitre/kg of Althesin for induction of anaesthesia and the other, 100 mulitre/kg. The two maternal groups were similar. There was no significant difference in the clinical or biochemical status of...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Holdcroft A,Morgan M,Gordon H,Whitwam JG,White Y

更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess the effect of sevoflurane anaesthesia on hepatocellular integrity, we measured plasma concentrations of glutathione S-transferase (GST) before anaesthesia and 1, 3, 6 and 24 h after the end of anaesthesia in 41 healthy, Japanese patients undergoing elective, body surface surgery. Sevoflurane (approximately 1...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Ray DC,Bomont R,Mizushima A,Kugimiya T,Forbes Howie A,Beckett GJ

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 24-yr-old male presented after a fishing accident in which he was pulled underwater by a rope attached to a crayfish pot. He was winched out of the water with the rope still around his neck, sustaining serious neck injuries that ultimately led to his death. After initial resuscitation, he remained fully conscious fo...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Kiani SH,Simes DC

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have evaluated the level of state and trait anxiety, neuroticism, extroversion and coping style as predictors of the effectiveness of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in 110 patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy. After operation patients were allocated to receive pain control with either PCA or i.m. in...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Thomas V,Heath M,Rose D,Flory P

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated 60 patients in a prospective double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the efficacy of EMLA (Eutectic Mixture of Local Anaesthetics) cream to provide analgesia during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) with a second generation lithotriptor. Before operation, EMLA or placebo cream ...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： McDonald PF,Berry AM

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of different premedication (i.m. and i.v.) on the usefulness of midazolam or thiopentone as induction agents for minor surgery was studied in 194 women undergoing either dilatation and curettage or explorative fractionate curettage. Midazolam appeared to produce light sedation which required powerful preme...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Kanto J,Sjövall S,Vuori A

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Single-lung ventilation in infants and small children is challenging because suitable sizes of double-lumen cuffed tracheal tubes are not available. A 6-yr-old child required pulmonary saline washout for primary alveolar proteinosis, and therefore needed sequential single-lung ventilation in order to achieve...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Wilson CA,Arthurs OJ,Black AE,Schievano S,Hunt C,van Hoog S,Wallis C,Sury MR

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The case histories are reported of one patient who developed evidence of extradural infection 16 days postpartum, and another who spontaneously developed an extradural haematoma. Several points of interest and concern raised by these case histories are discussed. ...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Crawford JS

更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Transtracheal jet ventilation (TTJV) is recommended in several airway guidelines as a potentially life-saving procedure during the 'Can't Intubate Can't Oxygenate' (CICO) emergency. Some studies have questioned its effectiveness. METHODS:Our goal was to determine the complication rates of TTJV in the CICO e...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Duggan LV,Ballantyne Scott B,Law JA,Morris IR,Murphy MF,Griesdale DE

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have examined the extradural space using a flexible extraduroscope in 74 patients undergoing extradural anaesthesia at the L2-3 interspace. Extraduroscopy showed that the extradural space becomes widely patent and the fatty tissue in the extradural space diminishes with increasing age. We postulate that these age-r...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Igarashi T,Hirabayashi Y,Shimizu R,Saitoh K,Fukuda H,Mitsuhata H

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The goal of the study was to determine activated thrombelastographic (TEG(R)) parameters with the rotational TEG(R) (ROTEG or ROTEM) device (Pentapharm GmbH, Munich, Germany) in neonates and infants <1 yr with complex congenital heart disease (CCHD) and to compare them with those of healthy children. METHOD...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Haizinger B,Gombotz H,Rehak P,Geiselseder G,Mair R

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Standard methods for accurate intraoperative measurement of neuromuscular block are either expensive or inconvenient and are not used widely. We have evaluated a new method of monitoring neuromuscular block using a low-frequency microphone. The method is based on the phenomenon of low-frequency sound emission by contr...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Dascalu A,Geller E,Moalem Y,Manoah M,Enav S,Rudick Z

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytokine synthesis and release is an essential component of the innate immune system, but inappropriate, excessive production results in a generalized systemic inflammatory response which damages distant organs. Recent research has identified an immunomodulatory function of the vagus nerve whereby activation of the ef...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Johnston GR,Webster NR

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Ketamine is widely used as an i.v. anaesthetic agent and as a drug of abuse. Hepatocytes contribute to the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous substances. This study evaluated the toxic effects of S-(+)-ketamine and possible mechanisms using human hepatoma HepG2 cells as the experimental model. METHODS:H...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Lee ST,Wu TT,Yu PY,Chen RM

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sedation of 50 children aged 6 months to 9 years who had undergone open heart surgery was studied. During artificial ventilation a midazolam infusion was used in conjunction with the administration of morphine (and tubocurarine). Sedation for patients breathing spontaneously with positive airway pressure was conti...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Booker PD,Beechey A,Lloyd-Thomas AR

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bilateral superior laryngeal nerve block was combined with topical application of local anaesthetic 140 times in 135 patients to anaesthetize the upper airway and facilitate tracheal intubation, laryngeal instrumentation, or to diminish the response to the endotracheal tube, in a patient already intubated. The techniq...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Gotta AW,Sullivan CA

更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of increasing doses of norepinephrine (NE) with or without arginine-vasopressin (AVP) on intestinal oxygen supply and jejunal mucosal tissue oxygen tension in an acute endotoxic pig model. METHODS:In this prospective, randomized, experimental...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Maier S,Hasibeder W,Pajk W,Hengl C,Ulmer H,Hausdorfer H,Wurzinger B,Knotzer H

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes the use of solenoid valves for the production of binary gas mixtures. The system is controlled by a microprocessor and is capable of delivering accurate flows and concentrations of gases over the ranges commonly used in anaesthesia. Since the flow produced by the valves is pulsatile, a system for ...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Palayiwa E,Hahn CE,Sugg BR,Lindsay-Scott D,Tyrrell PJ

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of the intrathecal administration of diamorphine on the hyperglycaemic, adrenocortical and cardiovascular responses to major colonic surgery were investigated, and the results compared with those obtained in a similar group of patients receiving low doses of fentanyl. In the group receiving intrathecal diam...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Child CS,Kaufman L

更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Dynamic arterial elastance (Eadyn) has been proposed as an indicator of vascular tone that predicts the decrease in arterial pressure in response to changes in norepinephrine (NE). The purpose of this study was to determine whether Eadyn measured by uncalibrated pulse contour analysis (UPCA) can predict a de...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Bar S,Leviel F,Abou Arab O,Badoux L,Mahjoub Y,Dupont H,Lorne E,Guinot PG

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We used an automated bispectral index (BIS)-guided dual-loop controller to determine propofol and remifentanil requirements during general anaesthesia in obese and lean surgical patients. METHODS:Obese patients, BMI>35 kg m(-2), and lean patients (<25 kg m(-2)) having laparoscopic procedures were prospectiv...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Liu N,Lory C,Assenzo V,Cocard V,Chazot T,Le Guen M,Sessler DI,Journois D,Fischler M

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscle biopsy and in vitro contracture tests for diagnosis of susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia (MH) were performed in two patients who had developed fever and severe myolysis during exercise. MH susceptibility was confirmed in one patient, but in the other, exercise-induced heat stroke proved to be the correct...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Hackl W,Winkler M,Mauritz W,Sporn P,Steinbereithner K

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Supraglottic airways (SGAs) have an established role in airway management of difficult airways in both adults and children. However, there are limited data regarding the use of SGAs for primary airway management in children. The aim of this study is to assess the success rates and adverse events related to t...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Jagannathan N,Sequera-Ramos L,Sohn L,Wallis B,Shertzer A,Schaldenbrand K

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracuff pressure (c.p.) was measured continuously in 12 patients during prolonged periods of tracheal intubation. High residual volume--low pressure (floppy) and low residual volume--high pressure (conventional) cuffs were studied. The mean baseline c.p. at minimal occluding pressure was significantly smaller in flo...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Jacobson L,Greenbaum R

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The analgesic efficacy of continuous transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks in comparison with that of single-injection TAP blocks is not clear. This randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigated the benefits of adding continuous TAP blocks to single-injection TAP blocks after a laparotom...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Yoshida T,Furutani K,Watanabe Y,Ohashi N,Baba H

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated the incidence of regurgitation of gastric contents during general anaesthesia administered via a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) or face mask and Guedel airway in 56 patients with no risk factors for regurgitation. Patients swallowed a gelatin capsule containing methylene blue 10 min before induction ...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Barker P,Langton JA,Murphy PJ,Rowbotham DJ

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 40 patients anaesthetized with thiopentone, 66% nitrous oxide and 1% halothane, the effects of a single i.v. dose of nalbuphine 4.5, 8, 15, 25 or 50 mg/70 kg or morphine 3, 5, 10 or 17.5 mg/70 kg on total ventilation and end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration have been measured. Depression of respiration occurred w...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Klepper ID,Rosen M,Vickers MD,Mapleson WW

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In clinical use, the concentrations of local anaesthetics at the site of action are unknown. With the method described here, concentrations of local anaesthetics can be predetermined and kept constant at the site of action. In six volunteers, a blister was raised on the ventral surface of the forearm. After removal of...

journal_title：British journal of anaesthesia

authors： Wiesemes R,Klement W,Novotny GE,Lipfert P

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00