Abstract:
:Development targets in anaesthetic pharmacology have evolved from minimizing harm caused by unwanted effects through an era in which rapid onset and offset of drug effect were prioritised. Today's anaesthetists have access to a library of effective drugs whose characteristics offer controllable hypnosis, analgesia and paralysis with manageable off-target effects. The availability of these agents at generic prices inhibits commercial interest and this is reflected in the limited number of current anaesthetic drug development projects. Recently, questions around neonatal neurotoxicity, delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction have stimulated research to characterise these phenomena and explain them in mechanistic terms. Emergent basic science from these enquiries together with exploration of possible effects of anaesthetic drug choice on patient outcomes from cancer surgery may yield new targets for drug discovery.
journal_name
Br J Anaesthjournal_title
British journal of anaesthesiaauthors
Sneyd JRdoi
10.1093/bja/aex328subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-12-01 00:00:00pages
i44-i52issue
suppl_1eissn
0007-0912issn
1471-6771pii
S0007-0912(17)54114-8journal_volume
119pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Some recipients of isolated, orthotopic lung transplants have now survived to leave hospital with greatly improved quality of life. Inevitably, the successful demonstration of the feasibility of these operations means that transplant centres throughout the world may wish to participate in a lung transplant programme. ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/bja/61.4.468
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The new emulsion formulation of di-isopropyl phenol (propofol) was compared with methohexitone and thiopentone for induction of anaesthesia in day cases. Propofol produced significantly smoother induction of anaesthesia, but caused more cardiovascular and respiratory depression. Pain on injection was significantly les...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/57.8.725
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tetanic contractions of the adductor pollicis muscle in man were evaluated continuously after the administration of tubocurarine 0.2 mg/kg and during reversal by edrophonium 0.1 mg/kg. Single twitch contractions of the adductor pollicis were measured simultaneously. The response of tetanic and single twitch contractio...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/47.10.1087
更新日期:1975-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High-frequency oscillation (HFO) is a widely used lung-protective ventilatory strategy in paediatric and neonatal acute lung injury. Its safe and effective use has been hindered by inadequate recruitment of the lung during oscillation and, until recently, the lack of an adequately powered oscillator for use ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/88.5.708
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effect of anaesthesia on postoperative outcome is unclear. Cardioprotective properties of volatile anaesthetics have been demonstrated experimentally and in haemodynamically stable patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Their effects in patients undergoing high-risk cardiac surgery have not...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/aeu290
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic treatment with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) antagonists frequently causes deleterious hypotension during anaesthesia. We compared the effects of angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARA) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) on neurohormonal levels and haemodynamics during cardiopulmo...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/ael268
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Use of inhaled nitric oxide for treatment of pulmonary hypertension in adult critical illness is limited by its mode of delivery and high costs, prompting evaluation of alternative therapies. We report the use of oral sildenafil in a patient with severe secondary pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular dysfunctio...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aei114
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The influence of common disturbances seen in preeclampsia, such as changes in strong ions and weak acids (particularly albumin) on acid-base status, has not been fully elucidated. The aims of this study were to provide a comprehensive acid-base analysis in severe preeclampsia and to identify potential new bi...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aev221
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have compared deep body temperature (DBT) measured at the forehead with the core temperatures of the nasopharynx, oesophagus and rectum during the warming phase of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (moderate hypothermia of 26.7-29.6 degrees C) in 12 patients. DBT was measured transcutaneously by an insulated thermistor ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/71.4.583
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the sequential response of the autonomic nervous system to pregnancy, we studied heart rate variability in 23 first trimester, 23 second trimester and 21 third trimester pregnant women. Twenty non-pregnant women were recruited as controls. Time and frequency domain measures of heart rate variability in t...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bja.a013433
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of bolus doses of phenoperidine 1-2 mg i.v. either alone, or combined with pancuronium 2-4 mg, were investigated in seven patients in traumatic coma. Phenoperidine alone significantly reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP) by a mean (+/- SEM) of 13.2 (+/- 2.8) mm Hg. Overall there was no significant change i...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/59.5.592
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood flow to functionally different vascular beds was examined during a sodium nitroprusside infusion in 10 dogs anaesthetized with halothane (1 MAC) in oxygen. Blood flows were measured in the ascending aorta, and the coeliac, superior mesenteric, renal and iliac arteries. In two dogs, regional vascular impedance an...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/49.8.735
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) is associated strongly with increased cardiac ischaemic risk and perioperative death. Associations with non-cardiac morbidity in non-cardiac surgery have not been explored. In the elective orthopaedic surgical population, morbidity is common but preoperative predictors a...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/bja/aeq245
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient with a foreign body penetrating the neck and chest was found to have physical signs which were consistent with serious tracheal injury and included a large movement of air through the lower part of the neck. The subsequent management of the patient and the difficult problem of securing an airway are describe...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/66.6.724
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical study, we have studied 100 children, aged 2-12 yr, to compare halothane and sevoflurane in outpatient dental anaesthesia. All patients were unpremedicated and received inhalation induction using nitrous oxide in oxygen supplemented with either halothane (maximum insp...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/79.3.280
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following antagonism of tubocurarine block with a mixture of atropine 20 microgram/kg and neostigmine 50 microgram/kg in 20 children, heart rate decreased from a control value of 110.4 beat/min to 90.1 at 5 min and 89.2 at 6 min (P less than 0.02). Stroke volume index did not change during the first 5 min from a contr...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/49.9.901
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical understanding of the dynamics of myocardial contraction is hampered by an over-simplified interpretation of the intramural pattern of force generation. This limits the anaesthetist's knowledge of the direct effects of commonly used anaesthetics. A discrimination between a negative inotropic effect and cha...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/bja/60.suppl_1.2s
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a case of a 9-yr-old child with sickle cell disease complicated by abdominal vaso-occlusive crisis and priapism. Both complications were successfully treated with a combination of epidural local anesthetics and morphine. ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/87.6.935
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Volatile anaesthetics have been shown to have direct relaxant effects on airway smooth muscle. We have examined the effects of 0.9, 1.9, and 2.8 dog MAC of desflurane and halothane on isolated proximal and distal canine airways precontracted with acetylcholine. The proximal and distal airway smooth muscle relaxed with...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/76.6.841
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study was performed to determine the ED50 and ED95 of a continuous infusion of the emulsion formulation of propofol during 67% nitrous oxide anaesthesia in 57 patients premedicated with morphine sulphate 0.15 mg kg-1. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg kg-1, and maintained before incision with a fixed-rate...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/58.10.1080
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the pharmacokinetics of glycopyrronium in 11 uraemic patients undergoing cadaveric renal transplantation and in seven ASA I control patients undergoing general surgery. Glycopyrronium 4 micrograms kg-1 was given i.v. before induction of anaesthesia. Blood and urine samples were collected for up to 24 h for ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/71.3.437
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new anaesthetic gas scavenging system is described. The resistance of the system appears to be low. When input gas flow rate in the system was zero or 150 litre min-1, misuse of the system produced pressure changes at its collecting points of 26 Pa subatmospheric and 630 Pa above atmospheric pressure, respectively. ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/55.7.681
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progressive obstruction of an axillary vein following an axillary approach to brachial plexus blockade is described. At surgical exploration, the axillary vein was narrowed with an aneurysm of its wall. It is likely that, during the performance of the block, the needle penetrated the adventitia of the vein, causing a ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/56.9.1051
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although well established in clinical practice, both propofol and midazolam have limitations. New hypnotics with different and potentially superior pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are under development. These include the benzodiazepine receptor agonists CNS7056 and JM-1232 (-), the etomidate-based methoxycarbony...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/bja/aeq190
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Magnesium is a calcium and an NMDA-receptor antagonist and can modify important mechanisms of nociception. We evaluated the co-analgesic effect of magnesium in the postoperative setting after on-pump cardiac surgery. METHODS:Forty patients randomly received either magnesium gluconate as an i.v. bolus of 0.2...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/ael037
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Preoperative anaemia affects one third of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Although it is recommended that perioperative teams should identify and treat patients with preoperative anaemia before surgery, introducing new treatment protocols can be c...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.bja.2019.11.023
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relative analgesic efficacy and side-effect profile of peripheral nerve blockade (PNB) techniques compared with lumbar epidural analgesia for major knee surgery is unclear. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized trials comparing epidural analgesia with PNB for major knee surgery. Eigh...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1093/bja/aem373
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of increasing doses of norepinephrine (NE) with or without arginine-vasopressin (AVP) on intestinal oxygen supply and jejunal mucosal tissue oxygen tension in an acute endotoxic pig model. METHODS:In this prospective, randomized, experimental...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aep239
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tobacco use interventions in surgical patients who smoke could benefit both their short-term outcome and long-term health. Anaesthesiologists and surgeons can play key roles in delivering these interventions. This study determined the practices, attitudes, and beliefs of these physicians regarding tobacco us...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/bja/aem400
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haemodynamic changes (supraventricular tachycardia, decreases in arterial pressure) were observed during laryngoscopy and intubation of the trachea in a patient receiving nifedipine and verapamil. Before the induced stresses of laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, these drugs had controlled the patient's arterial pre...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/58.3.357
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00