Abstract：
:In investigating the ability of the rat to discriminate among urine odors from mice of different genetic strains, we developed a technique for determining the extent of odor generalization. Trained rats performed a discrete trial, go/no-go procedure, touching a bar in the presence of an S+ odor for water reward. Rats easily learned this task and restricted their responding to trials with the S+ stimulus, even though there was no penalty for responding to S-. However, when presented with test stimuli that might be more similar to S+ or S-, some rats responded only to the S+, and not at all to S- or any generalization stimuli. We then created series of stimuli composed of different levels of adulteration of the S+ stimulus with generalization stimuli. With these stimuli, rats produced graded levels of responding, allowing comparisons of similarity among odorant stimuli. This technique can be applied to other types of odorant stimuli, particularly biological compounds of unknown concentration or purity, and should be of use in an operant laboratory studying odorant perception, or odorant characteristics.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Duncan HJ,Beauchamp GK,Yamazaki Kdoi
10.1016/0031-9384(92)90357-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-09-01 00:00:00pages
617-20issue
3eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
0031-9384(92)90357-8journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:This paper describes a "stretching response" which occurs in some female laboratory rats during the course of mating. It is most obviously characterized by an indentation of the abdominal wall and tonic limb and pelvic movements, which occur in irregularly spaced pulses of variable duration. The response was not seen ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(80)90044-x
更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mice adapted to drink a flavored saccharin solution (CS-) paired with intragastric (IG) self-infusions of water rapidly increase their intake of a new flavored solution (CS+) that is paired with IG glucose self-infusions. The present study extends this method to examine post-oral glucose appetition in rats. Food-restr...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.04.042
更新日期：2014-06-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Female rats were housed in Wahmann wheels under a 12:12 light-dark (LD) photoperiod for 36 days and then were switched to LD 10:14 for 36-64 days. Running was 95-100% nocturnal. Overall amounts of running were higher in LD 12:12, but changes over the estrous cycle were similar. On the night of proestrus running increa...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(91)90334-k
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxins and nutrients interact and define herbivores' experiences with toxic plants. However, there are still open questions about the mechanisms by which nutrient-toxin interactions affect experience and as a consequence foraging decisions by consumers. This study provides a deeper insight into such mechanisms by usin...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.09.009
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have reported binge-type consumption of solid vegetable shortening in non-food deprived rats maintained on schedules of limited shortening access. The current study determined if limited access would promote binge-type consumption of sucrose solutions. Adult male rats (6 groups, n = 10 each) were prov...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.002
更新日期：2007-11-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this work was to demonstrate the occurrence of oxidative stress during exhaustive exercise and to determine the antioxidant response. Eight voluntary male subjects participated in this study. The exercise was a cycling mountain stage (171 km) and the cyclists took a mean+/-S.E.M. time of 270+/-12 min to com...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.07.034
更新日期：2005-01-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Timing of eating is recognized as a significant contributor to body weight regulation. Disruption of sleep-wake cycles from a predominantly diurnal (daytime) to a delayed (evening) lifestyle leads to altered circadian rhythms and metabolic dysfunction. This article reviews current evidence for timed and delayed eating...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.02.047
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two preliminary studies were conducted to assess the effects of an intensive outpatient psychotherapy, Feeling Therapy, on sleep. This therapy was chosen because of its demonstrated ability to affect its patients' dreams. In the first study a newly entering female patient was recorded across the first three weeks of i...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(77)90288-8
更新日期：1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leucaena feed has been reported to cause disruptive effects on livestock reproduction, such as low calving percentages in cows, abortion in female goats and pigs, dead fetuses and fetal resorption in pregnant rats. In this study, the effects of Leucaena on different female reproductive variables were analyzed in two d...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112683
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been recognized for some time that a number of different neuropeptides exert powerful effects on food intake. During the last few years, the neurocircuitry within which these peptides operate has also begun to be elucidated. Peptidergic feeding-regulatory neurones are found both in the hypothalamus and the brai...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00611-4
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intake of saline (NaCl) solutions and water by males of two inbred strains of mice [C57BL/6J (C57) and 129/J] were examined using 48-h, two-bottle preference tests. There was a large strain difference in saline intake: at moderate concentrations (0.075-0.150 M) C57 mice tended to reject saline relative to water, where...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(93)90063-l
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The noradrenergic innervation of the forebrain by cells from the locus coeruleus (LC) was interrupted by either electrolytic lesions of the LC or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of the dorsal noradrenergic bundle (DB). Animals so treated were then tested in a modified open field test designed to measure responsiven...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(84)90171-9
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For male guinea pigs, the social rearing conditions are crucial for the course of social interactions and endocrine stress responses in later life. While colony-reared males adjust easily to new social situations, high levels of aggression and extreme endocrine responses are found in males that were raised in pairs [P...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(03)00228-2
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electrophysiological data indicate that hyperglycemia is associated with decreased neural taste responsiveness to 1.0 M glucose, but not to 0.01 M quinine HCl, in the rat's hindbrain. The present behavioral experiment was conducted to determine whether this suppression of neural activity is manifested in a reduced int...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(87)90081-3
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drinking behavior produces a reduction in the unpleasant dry-mouth sensations that accompany thirst. However, it is unclear whether or not the termination of drinking behavior is governed by a mechanism that meters this process. Twenty-two participants were tested in both a "dry mouth" and a control condition. In the ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00210-3
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have recently reported that food spillage increases during sleep deprivation in rats, which may lead to an overestimation of food intake in this condition. The objective of this study was to verify whether sleep deprivation induces an increase in gnawing behavior that could account for increased food spillage and a...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.08.026
更新日期：2008-01-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Three groups of rats were exposed to 0.4 mA shock presentations on a VT 30-sec schedule. Behavior was monitored during 35-sec shock-free periods inserted randomly after 15 of the 60 shocks per session. In the no-signal and random-signal control groups the behavior patterns which developed were similar to defense or fe...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(83)90239-1
更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study compared subjective effort perception with objective physiological measures during high-intensive intermittent exercise performed in normoxia, moderate hypoxia (FiO2: 16.5%) and severe hypoxia (FiO2: 13.5%). Sixteen physically active subjects performed an equal training session on three different days. Trai...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.04.035
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sleep and wake have a homeostatic relation that influences most aspects of physiology and waking behavior. Sleep disturbance has a detrimental effect on sleepiness and psychomotor vigilance. The purpose of this study was to identify which actual or perceived sleep characteristics accounted for the most variance in day...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.11.017
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is increasingly being recognized as an important clinical syndrome. Although it has been documented that volatile anesthetics induce neuronal apoptosis and cognitive deficits in several aged animal models, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Endoplasmic reticul...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.07.008
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brief interruptions of REM sleep are considered to be part of the REM episode. The maximum allowable duration of such an interruption, which is used to define the end of the REM episode, is currently a matter of debate. Making measurements on individual REM cycles, inter-REM interval analysis was carried out to determ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(91)90576-a
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The naturally occurring tendency to compete with other rats for territorial space has been used to study individual behavior characteristics and blood pressure reactivity to social stimuli in adult male TMD-S3 rats. The competitive characteristics of the individual rats are consistent in two different social situation...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(85)90073-3
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Taste sensitivity and responsivity, two-tastant and taste-mixture discrimination performance, and taste preferences were examined prior to and after the selective desalivation of 48 male Long-Evans rats. Altered preference behavior was observed in rats after removal of the major salivary glands, as well as after remov...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(90)90200-n
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats housed in social isolation postweaning (isolates) show profound behavioral and neurobiological differences when compared to socially housed rats (socials). Fischer rats (F344) relative to Lewis rats are hyperresponsive and significantly more susceptible to stressful stimuli. This investigation tested the hypothes...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(99)00193-6
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Memory and learning are impaired by imbalanced diet consumption. High-fat high-carbohydrate diet (HFCD) induces oxidative stress, which results in neuronal damage and interference with synaptic transmission; hence, a decline in cognitive function. Vitamin E is a fat soluble antioxidant that is believed to have positiv...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.06.011
更新日期：2013-07-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Sleep/wake expression in mice varies predictably with circadian phase. Such circadian rhythms are known to depend on intact suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) in the hypothalamus, but the mechanism by which SCN activity modulates sleep/wake expression is unknown. This paper examines the possibility that circadian patterns o...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(88)90375-7
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three experiments were conducted in order to investigate the role of brain androgen and estrogen receptors in sex hormone activated male reproductive behavior in Japanese quail. In Experiment 1, castrated male quail were injected with oil, testosterone propionate (TP), flutamide (FLUT), an androgen antagonist, or TP+F...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(86)90308-2
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Free fatty acids (FFAs) were reported to be recognized in the oral cavity and possibly involved in fatty foods recognition. To understand the importance of oil recognition in the oral cavity, we investigated the effect of various concentrations of a fatty acid or corn oil on fluid intake as well as mice's preferences ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.03.006
更新日期：2007-06-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Disruption of attachment relations in early life is linked to greater vulnerability to depressive illness at later ages. Evidence suggests this process involves stress-induced activation of central inflammatory factors, though the specific mediators and processes involved are not known. We used a guinea pig model in w...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.11.040
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Scopolamine induced blockade of play fighting in juvenile rats and the rapid induction of behavioral tolerance to an initially effective dosage suggested a rebound in social play following chronic scopolamine exposure. Juvenile rats received daily intraperitoneal scopolamine or saline injections for one week. Play sol...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(84)90132-x
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
