Abstract:
BACKGROUND:High rates of depression associated with childbirth have been reported in many parts of the developing world. However, the prevalence and associations of antenatal and post-natal depression in the rural population remain unknown. Disability associated with depression and its impact on infant health and development could have important public health implications for many developing countries where large proportions of the population are rural. METHOD:All women living in southern Kahuta, Pakistan, in their third trimester of pregnancy were interviewed at 6 weeks before delivery (N = 632) and again at 10-12 weeks after delivery (N = 541), using WHO Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN), Personal Information Questionnaire (PIQ) and Brief Disability Questionnaire (BDQ). RESULTS:The point prevalence of ICD-10 depressive disorder was 25% in the antenatal period and 28 % in the post-natal period. Depressed mothers were significantly more disabled, had more threatening life events, and poorer social and family support than non-depressed mothers. Vulnerable mothers were more likely to be depressed during pregnancy, rather than have an onset in the post-natal period. CONCLUSION:Over one-quarter of mothers in a rural sub-district of Pakistan suffer from depression shortly before and after childbirth. Rapidly changing traditional family structures and practices may be increasing the risk of depression in many women. Recognizing and treating depression should be initiated during the antenatal, rather than post-natal period.
journal_name
Psychol Medjournal_title
Psychological medicineauthors
Rahman A,Iqbal Z,Harrington Rdoi
10.1017/s0033291703008286subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-10-01 00:00:00pages
1161-7issue
7eissn
0033-2917issn
1469-8978journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Elevated levels of circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) have been associated with coronary heart disease and, in some studies, depression. Most studies have been of populations selected by age and/or gender. We investigate these associations with depression, myocardial infarction (MI), or both, in a large ge...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291710000887
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Early life maltreatment (ELM), borderline personality disorder (BPD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) have been associated with empathy deficits in different domains. Lack of maternal empathy has also been related to child behavioral problems. As ELM, BPD, and MDD often co-occur, we aimed to identify dis...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291719001107
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Electronic medical records (EMR) provide a unique opportunity for efficient, large-scale clinical investigation in psychiatry. However, such studies will require development of tools to define treatment outcome. METHOD:Natural language processing (NLP) was applied to classify notes from 127 504 patients wit...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291711000997
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The mechanisms that contribute to emotion dysregulation in anxiety disorders are not well understood. Two common disorders, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD), were examined to test the hypothesis that both disorders are characterized by hypo-activation in prefrontal cortex (PFC) duri...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291712002383
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The neurodevelopmental model of psychosis was established over 30 years ago; however, the developmental influence on psychotic symptom expression - how age affects clinical presentation in first-episode psychosis - has not been thoroughly investigated. METHODS:Using generalized additive modeling, which allo...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291720003463
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Wenchuan earthquake was a catastrophic earthquake in China. The aim of this study is to explore longitudinally the rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression in adolescents after the Wenchuan earthquake, and to identify independent predictors of PTSD. METHOD:PTSD and depression sympto...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291711002844
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients diagnosed on the basis of structured interviews as having affective psychoses were less sensitive in detecting the presence of a transient auditory signal than were schizophrenic patients or non-patients. Patients with affective psychoses also benefited more (their reaction time was more reduced) than the oth...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700056622
更新日期:1975-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The histological basis of schizophrenia is unknown, but it appears to affect the hippocampal and neocortical cytoarchitecture. Some cytoarchitectural parameters normally differ between the two cerebral hemispheres. Moreover, schizophrenia is associated with altered structural cerebral asymmetry. However, few...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291796004618
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sertraline has a proved efficacy in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but it is unknown which symptoms respond or in what sequence this occurs. Such information might be useful clinically and heuristically. METHOD:The study examined the effects of sertraline on the individual symptoms of PTSD. It also ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/s0033291702005469
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:According to the stress sensitization hypothesis, prior exposure to extreme stressors may lead to increased responsiveness to subsequent stressors. It is unclear whether disaster exposure is associated with stress sensitization and, if so, whether this effect is lasting or temporary. This study aimed to inve...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291711002765
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors review the evidence that parental death in childhood predisposes to depressive disorders in later life. The findings in general are quite inconsistent; this is due in part to the methodological limitations of most studies, principally that of inadequate control of potentially confounding variables. Where e...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700044044
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is evidence that cannabis use might be relevant to the aetiology of schizophrenia. We aimed to measure any change in cannabis use over time in those first presenting with schizophrenia in South-East London from 1965 to 1999, and compare this with change in use in those presenting with non-psychotic psy...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291706008440
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Suicide is expressly condemned in the Qu'ran, and traditionally few Islamic countries have reported suicide. Undetermined deaths are classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as Other Violent Deaths (OVD) in ICD-9, or Other External Causes (OEC) in ICD-10. It has been suggested that to avoid under-re...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291706009159
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The correlates of insight in early-onset psychosis have received little previous attention. METHOD:We studied clinical correlates of insight in a sample of 110 adolescent recent-onset psychosis patients (mean age 15.53 years; psychotic symptoms present for <6 months). Insight was measured with the Scale to ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291708004868
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Counselling is frequently used in the management of common mental disorders (such as anxiety and depression) in primary care. However, there are concerns over the clinical effectiveness of counselling, both in comparison with usual general practitioner care, and with other treatments such as alternative psyc...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1017/s0033291702006979
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although positive effects of physical activity on mental health indicators have been reported, the relationship between physical activity and the development of specific mental disorders is unclear. METHOD:A cross-sectional (12-month) and prospective-longitudinal epidemiological study over 4 years in a comm...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S003329170700089X
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suicides and suicide attempts in cancer patients were analysed by following all patients treated for cancer in Stockholm County from 1975 to 1985. Among 59,845 patients we identified 144 suicides and 196 suicide attempts during the follow-up, which represents a more than two-fold excess mortality from suicide and a mo...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700029962
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Depressive disorders are known to often be chronic and recurrent both in the general population and in psychiatric settings. However, despite its importance for public health and services, the outcome of depression in primary care is not well known. METHOD:In The Vantaa Primary Care Depression Study (PC-VDS...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291709005182
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A long-standing issue in the health anxiety literature is the extent to which health anxiety is a dimensional or a categorical construct. This study explores this question directly using taxometric procedures. METHOD:Seven hundred and eleven working adults completed an index of health anxiety [the Whiteley ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291708003322
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies suggest that alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders have distinct genetic backgrounds. METHODS:We examined whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) for consumption and problem subscales of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C, AUDIT-P) in the UK Biobank (UKB; N = 121 630) correla...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291719004045
更新日期:2020-01-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Almost nothing is known about the potential negative effects of Internet-based psychological treatments for depression. This study aims at investigating deterioration and its moderators within randomized trials on Internet-based guided self-help for adult depression, using an individual patient data meta-ana...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1017/S0033291716001562
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is highly co-morbid with depression. Depression is associated with elevated levels of the inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP), cross-sectionally and over time. To date, no studies have looked at the association between CRP and GAD. METHOD:A total of nine waves of ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291712000554
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The past two decades have seen exponential clinical and research interest in help-seeking individuals presenting with potentially prodromal symptoms for psychosis. However, the epidemiological validity of this paradigm has been neglected, limiting future advancements in the field. METHOD:We undertook a crit...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0033291713000184
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Classification of psychosis lacks a biological basis and current diagnostic categories may obscure underlying continuities. Data reduction methods of symptom profiles within a population-based cohort of people with a wide range of affective and non-affective psychoses may permit an empirical classification o...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291704003745
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Differences between verbal and non-verbal cognitive development from childhood to adulthood may differentiate between those with and without psychotic symptoms and affective symptoms in later life. However, there has been no study exploring this in a population-based cohort. METHOD:The sample was drawn from...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291717000393
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data are presented from a study of acculturation and psychiatric disorder in 291 Greek Cypriot immigrants from the general population of Camberwell, south London. We hypothesized that 'pre-acculturation' would protect against mental disorder, that difficulties in the period immediately after migration would increase t...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700036631
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) is a relatively novel form of psychotherapy that was developed for people who have mental health problems primarily linked to high shame and self-criticism. The aim of this early systematic review was to draw together the current research evidence of the effectiveness of CFT ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0033291714002141
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A previous study of women 9 months after discharge from in-patient treatment for depression found that low self-esteem as measured by a self-report questionnaire at admission was associated with a worse prognosis. This study investigates the womens' outcome more than 4 years after discharge and the continued...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291799002986
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diffuse loss of cortical volume and ventricular enlargement have been demonstrated in schizophrenia using imaging. In addition, histological studies have provided evidence that the number of neurons in the medial temporal lobe structures is reduced and that the cytoarchitecture is abnormal. In an attempt to correlate ...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0033291700033171
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with poorer cognitive functioning. We used a developmental, genetically-sensitive approach to examine intelligence quotient (IQ) from early childhood to young adulthood among those with different ADHD courses to investigate whether changes in ADHD...
journal_title:Psychological medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0033291719003015
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00