Are changes in ADHD course reflected in differences in IQ and executive functioning from childhood to young adulthood?

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with poorer cognitive functioning. We used a developmental, genetically-sensitive approach to examine intelligence quotient (IQ) from early childhood to young adulthood among those with different ADHD courses to investigate whether changes in ADHD were reflected in differences in IQ. We also examined executive functioning in childhood and young adulthood among different ADHD courses. METHODS:Study participants were part of the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a population-based birth cohort of 2232 twins. We assessed ADHD in childhood (ages 5, 7, 10 and 12) and young adulthood (age 18). We examined ADHD course as reflected by remission, persistence and late-onset. IQ was evaluated at ages 5, 12 and 18, and executive functioning at ages 5 and 18. RESULTS:ADHD groups showed deficits in IQ across development compared to controls; those with persistent ADHD showed the greatest deficit, followed by remitted and late-onset. ADHD groups did not differ from controls in developmental trajectory of IQ, suggesting changes in ADHD were not reflected in IQ. All ADHD groups performed more poorly on executive functioning tasks at ages 5 and 18; persisters and remitters differed only on an inhibitory control task at age 18. CONCLUSIONS:Differences in ADHD course - persistence, remission and late-onset - were not directly reflected in changes in IQ. Instead, having ADHD at any point across development was associated with lower average IQ and poorer executive functioning. Our finding that individuals with persistent ADHD have poorer response inhibition than those who remitted requires replication.

journal_name

Psychol Med

journal_title

Psychological medicine

authors

Agnew-Blais JC,Polanczyk GV,Danese A,Wertz J,Moffitt TE,Arseneault L

doi

10.1017/S0033291719003015

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-12-01 00:00:00

pages

2799-2808

issue

16

eissn

0033-2917

issn

1469-8978

pii

S0033291719003015

journal_volume

50

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Parasuicide in young Edinburgh women, 1968--75.

    abstract::Between 1968 and 1975 there was a marked, non-artefactual rise in the numbers of young female parasuicides admitted to the Regional Poisoning Treatment Centre in Edinburgh. The greatest increase in rates occurred among girls aged 15--19 (for events, persons and 'first-ever' episodes). Among teenagers the most marked i...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/s0033291700032013

    authors: Kreitman N,Schreiber M

    更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00

  • Driving us mad: the association of Toxoplasma gondii with suicide attempts and traffic accidents - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    abstract::Unnatural causes of death due to traffic accidents (TA) and suicide attempts (SA) constitute a major burden on global health, which remained stable in the last decade despite widespread efforts of prevention. Recently, latent infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) has been suggested to be a biological risk facto...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析

    doi:10.1017/S0033291719000813

    authors: Sutterland AL,Kuin A,Kuiper B,van Gool T,Leboyer M,Fond G,de Haan L

    更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00

  • Neuroticism as a risk factor for schizophrenia.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuroticism has been shown to increase the risk of depression whereas extraversion is associated with a reduction of risk. These personality traits play a central role in aetiological theories of affective disorder but their role in schizophrenia is unclear. In this study, the risk for schizophrenia associat...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/s0033291701004044

    authors: Van Os J,Jones PB

    更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00

  • Measuring depression: comparison and integration of three scales in the GENDEP study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:A number of scales are used to estimate the severity of depression. However, differences between self-report and clinician rating, multi-dimensionality and different weighting of individual symptoms in summed scores may affect the validity of measurement. In this study we examined and integrated the psychome...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S0033291707001730

    authors: Uher R,Farmer A,Maier W,Rietschel M,Hauser J,Marusic A,Mors O,Elkin A,Williamson RJ,Schmael C,Henigsberg N,Perez J,Mendlewicz J,Janzing JG,Zobel A,Skibinska M,Kozel D,Stamp AS,Bajs M,Placentino A,Barreto M,McGuf

    更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00

  • Day hospital versus intensive outpatient mentalization-based treatment: 3-year follow-up of patients treated for borderline personality disorder in a multicentre randomized clinical trial.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Two types of mentalization-based treatment (MBT), day hospital MBT (MBT-DH) and intensive outpatient MBT (MBT-IOP), have been shown to be effective in treating patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). This study evaluated trajectories of change in a multi-site trial of MBT-DH and MBT-IOP at 36 mo...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S0033291720002123

    authors: Smits ML,Feenstra DJ,Bales DL,Blankers M,Dekker JJM,Lucas Z,Kamphuis JH,Busschbach JJV,Verheul R,Luyten P

    更新日期:2020-06-30 00:00:00

  • Interhemispheric white matter integrity in young people with bipolar disorder and at high genetic risk.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:White matter (WM) impairments have been reported in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and those at high familial risk of developing BD. However, the distribution of these impairments has not been well characterized. Few studies have examined WM integrity in young people early in the course of illness and i...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S0033291716001161

    authors: Roberts G,Wen W,Frankland A,Perich T,Holmes-Preston E,Levy F,Lenroot RK,Hadzi-Pavlovic D,Nurnberger JI,Breakspear M,Mitchell PB

    更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00

  • Memory complaints in a community sample aged 60-64 years: associations with cognitive functioning, psychiatric symptoms, medical conditions, APOE genotype, hippocampus and amygdala volumes, and white-matter hyperintensities.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous research has found that depression is a major cause of memory complaints. However, there is evidence that memory complaints also weakly predict cognitive decline and dementia. The present study examined a range of possible determinants of memory complaints, covering psychiatric and personality facto...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/s0033291704003162

    authors: Jorm AF,Butterworth P,Anstey KJ,Christensen H,Easteal S,Maller J,Mather KA,Turakulov RI,Wen W,Sachdev P

    更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00

  • Visual and graphic abilities of the idiot savant artist.

    abstract::Five idiots savants whose artistic output was judged to be at art school entrance standard were matched for performance and verbal IQ with control subjects who had no special artistic talent. Each subject was given tests of reproductive skill with both concrete pictures and unfamiliar and unnameable geometric designs....

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/s0033291700013003

    authors: O'Connor N,Hermelin B

    更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00

  • Stimulation of the noradrenergic system enhances and blockade reduces memory for emotional material in man.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:It is clearly established that emotional events tend to be remembered particularly vividly. The neurobiological substrates of this phenomenon are poorly understood. Recently, the noradrenergic system has been implicated in that beta blockade has been shown to reduce significantly the delayed recall of emotio...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1017/s0033291799008703

    authors: O'Carroll RE,Drysdale E,Cahill L,Shajahan P,Ebmeier KP

    更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00

  • Inflammation and depressive phenotypes: evidence from medical records from over 12 000 patients and brain morphology.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Preclinical and human studies suggest an association between chronic inflammation and the development of depressive behaviors. This is proposed to occur through downstream effects of inflammatory cytokines on neuroplasticity, neurogenesis and neurotransmitter function, although the neural correlates remain p...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S0033291719002940

    authors: Ironside M,Admon R,Maddox SA,Mehta M,Douglas S,Olson DP,Pizzagalli DA

    更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00

  • Current and residual functional disability associated with psychopathology: findings from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS).

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Few population studies have investigated the functional disabilities that accompany specific psychiatric diagnoses. This study assesses the nature and strength of current and residual impairments in various functional domains of life. METHODS:Data were derived from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and I...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/s0033291799001841

    authors: Bijl RV,Ravelli A

    更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00

  • The neural basis of consciousness.

    abstract::Consciousness has evolved and is a feature of all animals with sufficiently complex nervous systems. It is, therefore, primarily a problem for biology, rather than physics. In this review, I will consider three aspects of consciousness: level of consciousness, whether we are awake or in a coma; the contents of conscio...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S0033291719002204

    authors: Frith CD

    更新日期:2019-09-04 00:00:00

  • Clinical and neuropsychological characteristics of child and adolescent bipolar disorder.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The diagnosis of bipolar disorder in pre-pubertal populations remains difficult and often controversial. Consequently, the clinical and neuropsychological characteristics of mania in the child and adolescent years remain poorly defined. This review provides a clinical account of childhood and adolescent bipo...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1017/S0033291706007446

    authors: Kyte ZA,Carlson GA,Goodyer IM

    更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00

  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation neurophysiology of patients with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    abstract::Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mental illness with high socio-economic burden, but its pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated. Recently, the cortical excitatory and inhibitory imbalance hypothesis and neuroplasticity hypothesis have been proposed for MDD. Although several studies have examined the neuroph...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S0033291720004729

    authors: Kinjo M,Wada M,Nakajima S,Tsugawa S,Nakahara T,Blumberger DM,Mimura M,Noda Y

    更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00

  • Maternal depression and inflammation during pregnancy.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Maternal depression during pregnancy increases the risk for adverse developmental outcomes in children. However, the underpinning biological mechanisms remain unknown. We tested whether depression was associated with levels of and change in the inflammatory state during pregnancy, if early pregnancy overweig...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S0033291719001909

    authors: Lahti-Pulkkinen M,Girchenko P,Robinson R,Lehto SM,Toffol E,Heinonen K,Reynolds RM,Kajantie E,Laivuori H,Villa PM,Hämäläinen E,Lahti J,Räikkönen K

    更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00

  • The Cardinal Needs Schedule--a modified version of the MRC Needs for Care Assessment Schedule.

    abstract::This paper describes a modified version of the MRC Needs for Care Schedule (the Cardinal Needs Schedule), for measuring needs for psychiatric and social care amongst patients with severe psychiatric disorders. The modified schedule has three new features: (i) it is quick and easy to use; (ii) it takes systematic accou...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/s0033291700033511

    authors: Marshall M,Hogg LI,Gath DH,Lockwood A

    更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00

  • Do antipsychotic drugs affect brain structure? A systematic and critical review of MRI findings.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The potential effects of antipsychotic drugs on brain structure represent a key factor in understanding neuroanatomical changes in psychosis. This review addresses two issues: (1) do antipsychotic medications induce changes in total or regional human brain volumes and (2) do such effects depend on antipsycho...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1017/S0033291709005315

    authors: Navari S,Dazzan P

    更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00

  • The process and delivery of CBT for depression in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

    abstract::Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for depressed adults. CBT interventions are complex, as they include multiple content components and can be delivered in different ways. We compared the effectiveness of different types of therapy, different components and combinations of components and asp...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析

    doi:10.1017/S003329171900120X

    authors: López-López JA,Davies SR,Caldwell DM,Churchill R,Peters TJ,Tallon D,Dawson S,Wu Q,Li J,Taylor A,Lewis G,Kessler DS,Wiles N,Welton NJ

    更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00

  • A taxometric analysis of health anxiety.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:A long-standing issue in the health anxiety literature is the extent to which health anxiety is a dimensional or a categorical construct. This study explores this question directly using taxometric procedures. METHOD:Seven hundred and eleven working adults completed an index of health anxiety [the Whiteley ...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S0033291708003322

    authors: Ferguson E

    更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00

  • Differential motivational responses to food and pleasurable cues in anorexia and bulimia nervosa: a startle reflex paradigm.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Abnormal perceptions of food and shape underpin the cognitive behavioural model of eating disorders (EDs). The aim of this study was to investigate motivational processing of disorder-specific and standard emotional cues in anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) using startle eyeblink modulation (SEM). SEM w...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S0033291706008129

    authors: Friederich HC,Kumari V,Uher R,Riga M,Schmidt U,Campbell IC,Herzog W,Treasure J

    更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00

  • The psychological effects of laparoscopy on women with chronic pelvic pain.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Many women who undergo diagnostic laparoscopy for chronic pelvic pain do not have pelvic pathology. This has led to an interest in psychological factors that might contribute to their experience of pain. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of diagnostic laparoscopy on women with chronic pelvic pa...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1017/s0033291797004868

    authors: Elcombe S,Gath D,Day A

    更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00

  • Lowered responsiveness and auditory signal detectability during depression.

    abstract::Ten depressed patients were assessed on an auditory signal detection task; testing was repeated on remission. The patients' clinical state was monitored by means of the Hamilton rating scale and the Beck Depression Inventory. The task was performed under three conditions: 2 button (Yes/No); 1 button (Yes); 1 button (N...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/s0033291700006383

    authors: Malone JR,Hemsley DR

    更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00

  • Health-protective behaviour, social media usage and conspiracy belief during the COVID-19 public health emergency.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Social media platforms have long been recognised as major disseminators of health misinformation. Many previous studies have found a negative association between health-protective behaviours and belief in the specific form of misinformation popularly known as 'conspiracy theory'. Concerns have arisen regardi...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S003329172000224X

    authors: Allington D,Duffy B,Wessely S,Dhavan N,Rubin J

    更新日期:2020-06-09 00:00:00

  • Where should bipolar disorder appear in the meta-structure?

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The extant major psychiatric classifications, DSM-IV and ICD-10, are purportedly atheoretical and largely descriptive. Although this achieves good reliability, the validity of a medical diagnosis is greatly enhanced by an understanding of both risk factors and clinical history. In an effort to group mental d...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1017/S0033291709990304

    authors: Goldberg DP,Andrews G,Hobbs MJ

    更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00

  • 'Mentally disordered persons found in public places'. Diagnostic and social aspects of police referrals (Section 136).

    abstract::A survey over 2 years of all Police Referrals (Section 136 of the Mental Health Act 1983) in an inner-city health district identified 163 cases, with a core group of repeat referrals. Previous psychiatric admissions, a diagnosis of schizophrenia, social deprivation, and a bias towards young men of Afro-Caribbean ethni...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/s0033291700038204

    authors: Turner TH,Ness MN,Imison CT

    更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00

  • The general practitioner as the first contacted health professional by patients with psychosocial problems: a European study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:There are considerable differences between and within countries in the involvement of general practitioners (GPs) in psychosocial care. This study aimed to describe the self-perceived role of GPs in 30 European countries as the first contacted professional for patients with psychosocial problems. and to exam...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/s003329179900851x

    authors: Boerma WG,Verhaak PF

    更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00

  • Shared genetic etiology between anxiety disorders and psychiatric and related intermediate phenotypes.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Psychiatric disorders and related intermediate phenotypes are highly heritable and have a complex, overlapping polygenic architecture. A large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) of anxiety disorders identified genetic variants that are significant on a genome-wide. The current study investigated the ...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S003329171900059X

    authors: Ohi K,Otowa T,Shimada M,Sasaki T,Tanii H

    更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00

  • The comparison of latent variable models of non-psychotic psychiatric morbidity in four culturally diverse populations.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Factor analysis has been employed to identify latent variables that are unifying constructs and that parsimoniously describe correlations among a related group of variables. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to test hypothesized factor structures for a set of variables; it can also, as in this paper be us...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/s0033291797005710

    authors: Jacob KS,Everitt BS,Patel V,Weich S,Araya R,Lewis GH

    更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00

  • The validity and reliability of the fatigue syndrome that follows glandular fever.

    abstract::The validity and reliability of an empirically defined fatigue syndrome were tested in a prospective cohort study of 245 primary care patients, with glandular fever or an upper respiratory tract infection. Subjects were interviewed three times in the 6 months after onset. Subjects with the empirically defined fatigue ...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/s0033291700037405

    authors: White PD,Grover SA,Kangro HO,Thomas JM,Amess J,Clare AW

    更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00

  • Visual attention in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder before and after stimulant treatment.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder which frequently persists into adulthood. The primary goal of the current study was to (a) investigate attentional functions of stimulant medication-naïve adults with ADHD, and (b) investigate the effects of 6 weeks of methylphe...

    journal_title:Psychological medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S0033291718003628

    authors: Low AM,Vangkilde S,le Sommer J,Fagerlund B,Glenthøj B,Jepsen JRM,Bundesen C,Petersen A,Habekost T

    更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00