Abstract:
:The major objective in this study was a comparison of the motor performance of young male smokers and non-smokers. We tested the endurance capacity, maximal isometric strength, speed of whole-body movements, flexibility and balancing ability of 74 smokers and 118 non-smokers. Then we measured the balancing ability, the visual reaction time and the speed of limb movements of non-smokers and heavy smokers depending on the time of abstinence from smoking. The balancing ability of heavy smokers deteriorates in comparison with non-smokers after an abstinence period of 11-120 min by 42% (p < 0.05), and after more than 120 min by 51% (p < 0.01). Heavy smokers had a longer reaction time both after 2 hours of abstinence and after smoking. The speed of limb movements is decreased after not smoking for a brief period compared to non-smokers and clearly improved immediately after smoking. This deterioration of motor performance of heavy smokers after a short period of abstinence appears similar to the motor symptoms of Parkinsonism and is "treated" by cigarette smoking.
journal_name
Int J Sports Medjournal_title
International journal of sports medicineauthors
Burtscher M,Likar R,Pechlaner C,Kunz F,Philadelphy Mdoi
10.1055/s-2007-1021048subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-05-01 00:00:00pages
207-12issue
4eissn
0172-4622issn
1439-3964journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Training effects on peak oxygen consumption (VO2), specific to the mode of movement, are well-known in exercise training of young, healthy adults. However, these specific training effects were never studied in patients with coronary artery disease, but may be important in the evaluation of training effects of cardiac ...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1055/s-2007-971930
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of clinically used doses of propranolol, atenolol, nifedipine, propranolol plus nifedipine, and atenolol plus nifedipine on thermoregulatory responses of 11 healthy men was studied during 2-h block-stepping in heat. Drug intervention did not alter ventilation during exercise. In contrast, propranolol and at...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025631
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to analyse adaptations in propulsion technique and gross efficiency in novice able-bodied subjects during the initial phase of learning hand-rim wheelchair propulsion to music. 22 able bodied participants performed wheelchair propulsion (1.1 m·s(-1)) followed by a VO(2) peak test on a whe...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0030-1268439
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the influence of gender on oxygen consumption of respiratory muscles (VO(2)resp), 32 healthy subjects participated in the study (16 males, 16 females). They were divided into four groups: young males, young females, older males and older females. We used a closed circuit device which allowed a continuous...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2003-43267
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of eighteen healthy old women with 88 style Taichiquan exercise was studied. When compared with eighteen old women without exercise, the training group showed a decreased frequency of SCE in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes at r...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Throwing arm injuries are common and often related to the shoulder external and internal rotation. Quantitative assessment may provide new insights to physical assessment and options for treatment. After having signed IRB approved consents and filled out injury questionnaires, 96 baseball pitchers were examined on bot...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1295440
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine whether the amplitude of the V˙O (2) slow component was dependent from Critical Power (CP; the slope of the linear time - distance relationship) in individuals matched for V˙O (2) peak. 30 moderately-trained endurance athletes completed a maximal graded exercise test, 2 randomly ...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1275358
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are ethical objections to inducing cumulative muscle damage and associated decrements of performance deliberately in a healthy athlete. Available data on acute and chronic over-exertion thus include the changes of immune response observed following a single bout of exhausting exercise, sequential observations ma...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-971898
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to evaluate recovery of dynamic muscle function following muscle fatigue produced by isokinetic testing. Sixteen physically active males (age = 29.2) performed fatigue and recovery tests on an isokinetic dynamometer (KIN-COM 500H). The fatigue test involved concentric contractions of the quadri...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1055/s-2007-972989
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the vigorous nature of rock/pop drumming, there are no precise data on the energy expenditure of this activity. The aim of this study was to quantify the energy cost of rock/pop drumming. Fourteen male drummers (mean±SD; age 27±8 yrs.) completed an incremental drumming test to establish the relationship betwee...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0033-1337905
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the etiology of factors influencing bone mineral density (BMD) in Hispanic women for the prevention of osteoporosis was the aim of this investigation. Whole body BMD (WBBMD) of 39 Hispanic, premenopausal women aged 22 - 51 years was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Maximal aerobic c...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2004-815839
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of two 4-week training programs on knee flexor and extensor strength were measured isokinetically (angular velocity 30 degrees, 180 degrees/s) and isometrically in division IV soccer players. Group A followed a team training program and group B an individual weight training program. Group C served as contr...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025829
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have shown that the 577R allele of α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) is more prevalent in sprint athletes than in the general population or in endurance athletes. We examined the distribution of ACTN3 R577X (rs 1815739) genotypes and alleles in the Taiwanese general population (603) and in elite sprint swimmers who had part...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0030-1263115
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over 30 years ago hemodynamic studies on patients with high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) excluded the prior contention that the basic cause was left ventricular failure and correctly implicated the pulmonary circulation as the culprit. Physiological studies during the acute stage have revealed a normal pulmonary ar...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-972589
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the possible influence of an exhaustive physical exercise on mental stress biomarkers (serotonin, tryptophan, and beta-endorphin) along with dopamine, noradrenaline and free fatty acids in an ultramarathon race in which 45 km was run on the first day and 90 km on the second. We obtained serum samples a...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1038490
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the hypothesis that more severe damage, caused by controlled lengthening (L) contractions, results in greater myofiber hypertrophy compared to increase in fiber size followed shortening (S) contractions, tibialis anterior muscles of anesthesized male Wistar rats were subjected to 240 either L or S contraction...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2000-8869
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intense exercise promotes long-term gains in cognitive functions. On the other hand, intense exercise may result in acute effects not clearly determined for cognitive performance. A condition of stochastic intensity ranging from moderate to maximal efforts is part of sports like cycling, in which cognitive integrity i...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/a-1114-6170
更新日期:2020-06-29 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the metabolic changes in the blood that appeared during a maximal 400-m swimming test in 7 male swimmers by Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR spectrometry). A 400-m test (255.9 +/- 6.8 s) was performed during which stroke frequency and time to complete each pool distance were recorded. In thre...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2003-40707
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acute effect of weightlifting on beta-endorphin and estradiol was studied in experienced female recreational weightlifters. Five eumenorrheic females completed two months of testing, each with a different sequence of testing conditions (SEQ1 and SEQ2). In SEQ1, a week of weight maintenance diet and prescribed exer...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1021313
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated conflicting results on the effects of acute exercise on FMD. The aim of the study was to examine brachial artery FMD before and after 3 bouts of acute exercise performed at different intensities. 10 healthy males (mean±SD age: 22±1 years) completed 30 min of cycling at 50, 70 and 85%...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1323829
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vigorous and prolonged physical exercise and mechanical involvement of the perineal region might influence prostatic function and measurement of both total (PSA) and free prostate specific antigen (fPSA), decreasing the diagnostic efficiency of the laboratory screening for either benign or neoplastic prostate disorder...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2004-830450
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fitness, and specifically body composition of football referees requires attention in order to achieve the highest possible standards. The aim of the present study was to describe body composition of elite Spanish football referees over 11 years. Data from 2001 to 2012 pre-seasons were analyzed from a total of 470 ref...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0034-1398582
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The indirect identification of doping in sports can be performed by assessing athletes' hematological perturbations from the analysis of blood collected on different occasions. Because prosecution for doping based on this information requires expensive and time-consuming interpretation of blood analysis results by var...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/a-1019-7774
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The university stage is a critical developmental period for young adults, where lifestyles can determine future health. A cross-sectional study including 481 college students was conducted, with the following objectives: 1) to examine the prevalence of risk of developing eating disorders in college students, 2) to ass...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/a-1152-5064
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Creatine supplementation has become a common practice among competition athletes participating in different sports over the last few years. The mechanism by which supplementary creatine could have potential ergogenic effects would be an increased muscle creatine and phosphocreatine concentration, leading to a higher r...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1055/s-2007-972670
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secretory IgA (S-IgA) levels in stimulated salvia were measured before and after a maximal treadmill test in a population of 175 young adults (84 men, 91 women). Habitual physical activity levels of this population were measured by a standardized interview, and scores were obtained for the amount of time and intensity...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1025024
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary intake, plasma lipids, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein levels, anthropometric measurements and anaerobic performance were studied in eleven judo athletes during a period of weight maintenance (T1) and after a 7d food restriction (T2). Dietary data were collected using a 7-day diet record. Nutrient analysis indi...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2001-16244
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Considering the large and repetitive loads associated with jumping in team sports, automatic detection and quantification of jumping may show promise in reducing injury risks. The aim of this study was to validate commercially available inertial-movement analysis software to detect and quantify jumping in team sports....
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0044-100793
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of exercise training and acute exercise on the immune system were investigated in rats. For chronic exercise training, the rats ran on a drum exerciser at the intensity of about 60-70% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) for 30 min and then extended up to 60 min per day, 5 days per week for 10 weeks. Th...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1021151
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate whether rs41274853 in the 3'-untranslated region of the ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor gene (CNTFR) is associated with elite sprint/power athletic status and assess its functional significance. A total of 211 Japanese sprint/power track and field athletes (62 internationa...
journal_title:International journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0035-1564257
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00