Abstract：
:The availability of choline, the precurser of the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, in the diet is sufficient to provide the body's requirements under normal conditions. However, preliminary evidence indicates that depletion of choline may limit performance, while oral supplementation may delay fatigue during prolonged efforts. A double-blind cross-over design was used to determine the relationship between plasma choline and fatigue during supramaximal brief and submaximal prolonged activities. Twenty male cyclists (ages 23-29) with maximal aerobic power (VO2max) between 58 and 81 ml.min-1.kg-1 were randomly divided into BRIEF (N = 10) and PROLONGED (N = 10) groups. One hour after drinking a beverage with or without choline bitartrate (2.43 g), cyclists began riding at a power output equivalent to approximately 150% (BRIEF) and 70% (PROLONGED) of VO2max at a cadence of 80-90 rpm. Time to exhaustion, indirect calorimetry and serum choline, lactate, and glucose were measured. Increases in choline levels of 37 and 52% were seen within one hour of ingestion for BRIEF and PROLONGED groups, respectively. Neither group depleted choline during exercise under the choline or placebo conditions. Fatigue times and work performed under either test condition for the BRIEF or PROLONGED groups were similar. Consequently, trained cyclists do not deplete choline during supramaximal brief or prolonged submaximal exercise, nor do they benefit from choline supplementation to delay fatigue under these conditions.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Spector SA,Jackman MR,Sabounjian LA,Sakkas C,Landers DM,Willis WTsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-05-01 00:00:00pages
668-73issue
5eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
27pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:Since many physiological, metabolic, and endocrine changes that occur during pregnancy are evident even at rest, the alterations found during exercise may not necessarily be the same as those found in the normal population. Nonetheless, the exercise-induced cardiopulmonary changes are essentially normal or slightly ex...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1249/00005768-198508000-00001
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Loud sounds can decrease reaction time (RT) and increase force generated during voluntary contractions. Accordingly, we hypothesized that the loud starter's pistol at the Olympic Games allows runners closer to the starter to react sooner and stronger than runners farther away. METHODS:RT for the 100/110 m...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816770e1
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exercise and noise exposure causes temporary hearing loss. Yet, a direct relationship may exist between cardiovascular health and hearing. The purpose of this study was to determine whether noise and exercise caused different levels of hearing loss depending on one's cardiovascular fitness. Twenty-eight volunteers wer...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) provides valuable clinical information, including peak ventilation (V˙Epeak), which has been shown to have diagnostic and prognostic value in the assessment of patients with underlying pulmonary disease. This report provides reference standards for V˙Epeak derived from CPX...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001740
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Exercise training restores innate immune system cell function in post-myocardial infarction (post-MI) rats. However, studies of the involvement of lymphocyte (Ly) in the setting of the congestive heart failure (CHF) are few. To address this issue, we investigated the function of Ly obtained from cervical lymph ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31815ed6d2
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the effects of a 12-wk period of aquatic training and subsequent detraining on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and physical fitness in females with fibromyalgia. METHODS:Thirty-four females with fibromyalgia were randomly assigned into two groups: an exercise group, who exercised for 60 min ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0b0138059aec4
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Neural adaptations to strength training have long been recognized, but knowledge of mechanisms remains incomplete. Using novel techniques and a design which limited experimental bias, this study examined if 4 wk of strength training alters voluntary activation and corticospinal transmission. METHODS:Twenty-one...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001367
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study examines heavy episodic alcohol consumption and associated harms in collegiate athletes in the United States. The factors which may promote or deter such use are explored. METHODS:Randomly selected students in a nationally representative sample of 4-yr colleges in the United States completed self-re...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200101000-00008
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The immune response was assessed in 13 competitive bodybuilders self-administering anabolic-androgenic steroids and ten competitive bodybuilders not administering these drugs. Laboratory assessment included the number and relative distribution of T-cells, T-helper/inducer cells, T-cytotoxic/suppressor cells, activated...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare voluntary and electrically evoked knee extensor torque, surface electromyography (EMG), and activation level obtained under seated versus supine position, i.e., with shortened versus lengthened rectus femoris (RF) muscle. METHODS:The knee extensor torque obtained during maximal voluntary contraction...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.MSS.0000084426.03247.93
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of training intensity and duration, through a range representative of training in endurance athletes, on acute recovery of autonomic nervous system (ANS) balance after exercise. METHODS:Nine highly trained (HT) male runners (VO2max 72 +/- 5 mL.kg.min(-1), 14 +/- 3 training hours per ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/mss.0b013e318060f17d
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the relationship between physical activity and levels of plasma lipid peroxides, superoxide dismutase in erythrocytes (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in whole blood activities. METHODS:Cross-sectional study in 488 Spanish women. Two categories of leisure time physical activity were define...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200205000-00014
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Healthy men (N = 33) and women (N = 73) participated in a 6-month exercise program three mornings per week, and their attendance scores (percent of total classes attended) were related to a variety of physiological, anthropometric, psychological, and demographic variables which were studied. These subjects were also g...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The effects of glargine/glulisine insulin regimen on exercise blood glucose (BG) and strategies to limit exercise-induced hypoglycemia are not well documented. Intermittent high-intensity exercise has been proposed to prevent hypoglycemia, but its effect in participants with type 1 diabetes using glargine/...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31826c6ad3
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Migrating birds have been able to sustain an energy expenditure (EE) that is five times their basal metabolic rate. Although humans can readily reach these levels, it is not yet clear what levels can be sustained for several days. PURPOSE:The study's purposes were 1) to determine the upper limits of human E...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31822430ed
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to establish whether time spent in sport-related physical activities and sedentary behaviors (e.g., TV viewing, videogame usage, and homework) was prospectively associated with change in blood pressure (BP) for 5 yr. METHODS:Eight hundred and twenty-one students age 6 yr at baseline (397 girls...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000166
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the effect of altering osmolality or adding sodium alginate and pectin to a concentrated carbohydrate (CHO) beverage on gastric-emptying (GE) rate. METHODS:Boluses (500 mL) of three drinks were instilled double blind in eight healthy men while seated, GE was measured using the doubl...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002301
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The abdomen is the principal site of fat deposition in men, and because abdominal fat is readily mobilized during exercise, the relative proportion of fat in the abdominal site may negatively correlate with the amount of regular physical activity, and even with physical fitness. This study presents data for regional f...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199607000-00003
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Physical activity guidelines recommend at least 150 min of moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA), 75 min of vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA), or combination of MPA and VPA. However, few epidemiological studies have examined whether the general population can derive equal health benefits from MPA ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001463
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Data from the general population suggest that habitual exercise decreases bronchial responsiveness, but the possible role of exercise in asthmatics is undefined. The leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast decreases bronchial responsiveness and exercise-induced symptoms in asthmatic children. This randomize...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31815d9670
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this experiment was to determine whether reflexive, or more broadly, automatic hamstrings excitation could be elicited during isometric, maximum effort, step increases in knee extension torque. Eight healthy subjects without lower extremity dysfunction or injury performed maximum effort isometric knee e...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To describe physical activity (PA) levels by race/ethnicity, age, gender, and weight status in a representative sample of US youth. METHODS:Cross-sectional data from the 2003-2004 and 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were combined and analyzed. Youth aged 6-19 yr with at least four 10...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181e1fba9
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A primary goal of studies of successful aging is to identify the modifiable factors related to the plasticity of higher physical function; however, little is known about the relationship between habitual physical activity (especially that of lower- to moderate-intensity) and the maintenance of day-to-day functioning i...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199605000-00010
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two healthy females and twelve healthy males, aged 19-24 yr, underwent strength training for periods of 9-21 wk. The muscles trained included extensor digitorum brevis (N = 3), soleus (N = 7), brachioradialis (N = 4), and the hypothenar muscles (N = 3). The effect of training on motoneuron excitability was measured as...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The protective effects of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on hypertension (HTN) are well known; however, the association between muscular strength and incidence of HTN has yet to be examined. PURPOSE:This study evaluated the strength-HTN association with and without accounting for CRF. METHODS:Participants...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181b2f0a4
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exercise represents the primary countermeasure used during spaceflight to maintain or restore maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max), musculoskeletal structure, and orthostatic function. However, no single exercise or combination of prescriptions has proven entirely effective in restoring cardiovascular and musculoskeletal...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00005768-199608000-00010
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate the vibrotactile detection thresholds of the plantar cutaneous afferents in subjects with chronic ankle instability compared with healthy control subjects. METHODS:Eight adults with chronic ankle instability and eight adults with no ankle sprain history participated...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182390212
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the effect of pelvic stabilization and two lower-limb configurations on the EMG activity of back and hip extensor muscles during a dynamic back extension exercise on a machine and to compare them between sexes. METHODS:Twenty-two healthy volunteers (11 men and 11 women) performed five trunk flexion-...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e318188446a
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the associations of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (hereafter fitness) with incident glaucoma in a prospective observational study. METHODS:Physical activity was measured by self-reported leisure-time activities, and fitness was measured by maximal treadmill test. I...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001692
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twelve college-age men exercised on a bicycle ergometer to VO2max and at 60, 70, and 80% VO2max for 30 min to determine the effects of exercise intensity on plasma beta-endorphin (B-EP). The time course for alterations in B-EP and the relationship to lactate were also examined. Following the VO2max test, the three sub...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
