Abstract:
:1. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was originally isolated as a hypothalamic peptide hormone that regulates the reproductive system by stimulating the release of gonadotropins from the anterior pituitary. However, during evolution the peptide was subject to gene duplication and structural changes, and multiple molecular forms have evolved. 2. Eight variants of GnRH are known, and at least two different forms are expressed in species from all vertebrate classes: chicken GnRH II and a second, unique, GnRH isoform. 3. The peptide has been recruited during evolution for diverse regulatory functions: as a neurotransmitter in the central and sympathetic nervous systems, as a paracrine regulator in the gonads and placenta, and as an autocrine regulator in tumor cells. 4. Evidence suggests that in most species the early-evolved and highly conserved chicken GnRH II has a neurotransmitter function, while the second form, which varies across classes, has a physiologic role in regulating gonadotropin release. 5. We review here evolutionary aspects of the family of GnRH peptides and their receptors.
journal_name
Cell Mol Neurobioljournal_title
Cellular and molecular neurobiologyauthors
King JA,Millar RPdoi
10.1007/BF02069556subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-02-01 00:00:00pages
5-23issue
1eissn
0272-4340issn
1573-6830journal_volume
15pub_type
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journal_title:Cellular and molecular neurobiology
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更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Cellular and molecular neurobiology
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更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
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更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Cellular and molecular neurobiology
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更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
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