Abstract:
:NMDA and non-NMDA (AMPA/kainate) antagonists have potential in the treatment of a diverse group of neurological disorders associated with excessive activation of excitatory amino acid receptors. Here Michael Rogawski reviews recent progress in the development of therapeutically useful NMDA receptor channel blockers and a new class of selective AMPA/kainate receptor antagonists, the 2,3-benzodiazepines. Research on these novel noncompetitive excitatory amino acid antagonists has opened promising new avenues for the development of drugs to treat epilepsy, ischaemia, neurodegeneration and Parkinson's disease.
journal_name
Trends Pharmacol Scijournal_title
Trends in pharmacological sciencesauthors
Rogawski MAdoi
10.1016/0165-6147(93)90005-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-09-01 00:00:00pages
325-31issue
9eissn
0165-6147issn
1873-3735pii
0165-6147(93)90005-5journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Ubiquitination is a highly conserved post-translational modification that regulates protein trafficking, function, and turnover. Ubiquitin ligases (E3s) conjugate ubiquitin polypeptides on substrates, whereas deubiquitnases (DUBs) reverse ubiquitination. Engineering of chemical antagonists and inhibitors of ubiquitin ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2014.01.005
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are a family of immunomodulatory receptors whose functions are regulated by their glycan ligands. Siglecs are attractive therapeutic targets because of their cell type-specific expression pattern, endocytic properties, high expression on certain lymphomas/l...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2015.06.008
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The GPR119 receptor is expressed predominantly in pancreatic β cells and in enteroendocrine cells. It is a major target for the development of anti-diabetic drugs that through GPR119 activation may stimulate both insulin and GLP-1 release. GPR119 can be activated by oleoylethanolamide and several other endogenous lipi...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2012.03.014
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence of off-target effects (OTEs) associated with small interfering (si)RNAs (19-29bp) in mammalian cells has existed for several years. Two recent articles demonstrate that short sequences within long double-stranded (ds)RNAs frequently cause undesirable OTEs in cultured Drosophila cells. These results reveal the...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2007.02.009
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise a large and diverse class of signal-transducing receptors that undergo dynamic and isoform-specific membrane trafficking. GPCRs thus have an inherent potential to initiate or regulate signaling reactions from multiple membrane locations. This review discusses emerging insig...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2017.11.009
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histamine-containing neurons and histamine H1 receptors are distributed within the brain and peripheral tissues. The results of physiological and pharmacological studies have revealed that brain histamine and H1 receptors are involved in the regulation of feeding and obesity in rodents. The adipocytokine leptin regula...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2006.03.008
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene therapy is a new field of medical research that has great potential to influence the course of treatment of human disease. The lung has been a particularly attractive target organ for gene therapy due to its accessibility and the identification of genetic deficits for a number of lung diseases. Several clinical t...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(99)01350-4
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbonic anhydrase isoform IX (CA IX) is highly overexpressed in many types of cancer. Its expression, which is regulated by the HIF-1 transcription factor, is strongly induced by hypoxia and correlates with a poor response to classical chemo- and radiotherapies. CA IX contributes to acidification of the tumor environ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2006.09.002
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In drug development, major resources are invested into the development of cellular delivery systems to increase the effectiveness of a large array of potential therapeutics, such as proteins and oligonucleotides. These carriers comprise cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), cationic lipids and cationic polymers. In recent...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2010.11.005
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potent pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1 (IL-1) are capable of triggering biologically similar effects through activation of the same set of transcription factors. Based on recent findings it is now becoming evident that certain members of the mitogen-activated p...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(97)01097-3
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Although therapies that treat the symptoms of the disease have proven efficacy, strategies that slow or stop the neurodegenerative process are currently not available. Recently, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) con...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2004.03.003
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our growing understanding of the immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has opened new avenues for developing targeted therapies. These advances in treatment options targeting different mechanisms of action offer new hope for personalized management. In this review we highlight emerging novel and easil...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2016.10.014
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genes encoding glutamate receptor channel subunits were identified in genomes from Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans by homology search with amino acid sequences that participate in the conserved channel pore. The predicted sequences of the putative glutamate receptor subunits revealed a distinct chan...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(00)01588-1
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Receptors, enzymes, and ion channels are traditional targets of therapeutic development. A common strategy is to target these proteins with agents that either activate or suppress their activity with ligands or substrates that occupy orthosteric sites or have allosteric interactions. An alternative approach involves r...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2015.05.004
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis is an area of intense scientific interest, which encompasses the study of and triggers mechanisms involved in mediating the cell biology of programmed cell death. A number of low molecular weight compounds have been used to inhibit or enhance this fundamental cellular process and so apoptosis has now become ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(98)01277-2
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (siglecs) comprise a family of receptors that are differentially expressed on leukocytes and other immune cells. The restricted expression of several siglecs to one or a few cell types makes them attractive targets for cell-directed therapies. The anti-CD33 (also kno...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2009.02.005
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in the structure and function of the small airways (<2mm diameter) are now recognized to play a major role in airflow limitation in both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and severe asthma. Increased thickness of the small airway wall causes lumenal narrowing, which can be further occluded by mucus ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2008.04.003
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylphenidate (Ritalin), a psychostimulant used in the treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, has pharmacological effects similar to cocaine and amphetamine. Clinical use of methylphenidate, as well as diversion and abuse, have significantly increased during the past 10-15 years, heightening concerns...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2007.10.004
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy is a hereditary motor neuron disease caused by trinucleotide repeat expansion in the androgen receptor gene. The disease mechanism probably involves a toxic gain of function in the mutant protein, because other mutations that cause a loss of androgen receptor function result in a dif...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2010.08.005
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms of opioid tolerance have focused on adaptive modifications within cells containing opioid receptors, defined here as cellular allostasis, emphasizing regulation of the opioid receptor signalosome. We review additional regulatory and opponent processes involved in behavioral tolerance, and include mechanisti...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2016.08.002
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inappropriate production of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin contributes to the pathogenesis of common iron disorders. Absolute or relative deficiency of hepcidin causes iron overload in hereditary hemochromatosis and iron-loading anemias. Elevated hepcidin causes iron restriction in inflammatory conditions includ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2014.01.004
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The United States is experiencing an epidemic of opioid overdose deaths. Many of the recent fatalities are associated with illicitly manufactured fentanyl, which is being added to heroin and counterfeit pain pills. The crisis is further exacerbated by the emergence of an increasing number of novel synthetic opioids (N...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2018.09.006
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belong to a very large superfamily of evolutionarily related receptors (>800 members in humans), and due to the rapid progress on their structural biology, they are ideal candidates for polypharmacology studies. Broad screening and bioinformatics/chemoinformatics have been app...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2014.10.009
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally accepted that seven-transmembrane receptors have the capacity to regulate cellular signaling systems in the absence of occupancy by a ligand (i.e. the receptors display constitutive activity). Drugs can increase (agonists), decrease (inverse agonists) or not change (antagonists) receptor activity towar...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2005.10.008
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seven-transmembrane receptors are prototypic allosteric proteins with the ability to adopt numerous conformations, many of which interact with cellular partners to initiate cellular biochemical processes. Defining efficacy as the ability of ligands to stabilize some of these conformations (which, in turn, possess phys...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2007.06.009
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacology training in Canada was initiated at McGill University in Montréal in 1824, and there are now 17 pharmacology departments in Canada offering graduate training to more than 500 students. In this article, Gerald Marks reviews the growth of pharmacology in Canada since the early 19th century in both academic ...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-6147(94)90312-3
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common feature of several diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. The damaged tissue displays cardinal signs of inflammation and microvascular injury that, unless resolved, lead to long-term tissue damage with associated d...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2010.04.001
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase exhibit tissue-specific distribution, and each form is anchored to the cell surface via a particular post-translational modification of the catalytic subunit. Nibaldo Inestrosa and Alejandra Perelman review evidence that heparan sulphate proteoglycans are the extracellular matri...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0165-6147(89)90067-9
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is an endogenous protein known to have potent anti-inflammatory properties in the peripheral system. It has also been detected in the brain, but its function there is still ambiguous. In this review, we have, for the first time, collated the evidence currently available on the function of ANXA1 in t...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2007.12.003
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five subtypes of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors have been identified in mammalian tissues, but the selectivity of ligands that are active at these receptors is low. It is possible, however, that selective compounds may be developed by targeting their allosteric site(s). Important new insights into the mechanism of...
journal_title:Trends in pharmacological sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0165-6147(00)89023-9
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00