Abstract:
:Median convulsant (CD50) and median lethal (LD50) doses of intraperitoneal lidocaine, bupivacaine, and etidocaine were determined in 149 mice. Another 496 mice were pretreated with intramuscular diazepam, lorazepam, or midazolam, 1 mg/kg. Fifteen minutes later, lidocaine, bupivacaine, or etidocaine was given intraperitoneally and the incidence of convulsions and deaths recorded. Benzodiazepines significantly reduced the incidence or convulsions. For instance, etidocaine, 54.9 mg/kg, produced 50% convulsions in untreated mice compared to 6.9%, 3.4%, and 3.4% after diazepam, lorazepam, or midazolam, respectively. Benzodiazepines also enhanced survival, as shown by significant increases in the LD50s. The bupivacaine LD50, for example, increased from 58.7 mg/kg in untreated mice to 75.2, 79.1, and 83.6 mg/kg after diazepam, lorazepam, or midazolam, respectively. Similarly, bupivacaine, 58.7 mg/kg, killed 50% of untreated mice, but only 1.2%, 9.7%, and 4.5% of mice treated with diazepam, lorazepam, or midazolam, respectively. It is concluded that premedication with a benzodiazepine significantly reduces the incidence of convulsions in mice and lowers the mortality rate as well. In equal intramuscular doses, midazolam proved to be the most effective anticonvulsant and diazepam the least. Etidocaine and bupivacaine convulsions were more difficult to suppress than those induced by lidocaine. On the other hand, the lethality of lidocaine was least reduced by these benzodiazepines.
journal_name
Anesth Analgjournal_title
Anesthesia and analgesiaauthors
de Jong RH,Bonin JDsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-06-01 00:00:00pages
385-9issue
6eissn
0003-2999issn
1526-7598journal_volume
60pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:Through the Australian and New Zealand Haemostasis Registry, we report on the Australian and New Zealand experience with recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) in obstetric patients. METHODS:The role of rFVIIa for off-label indications, including trauma, cardiac surgery, and severe postpartum hemorrhage, ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181c039e6
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Preoperative flushing of an anesthesia workstation is an alternative for preparation of the anesthesia workstation before use in malignant hyperthermia-susceptible patients (MHS). We studied in vitro, using a test lung, the washout profile of sevoflurane in 7 recent workstations during adult and, for the fir...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000000208
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the interaction between mivacurium and succinylcholine when mivacurium was administered during the early recovery from succinylcholine block. We studied 40 adult patients during propofol-alfentanil-N2O-O2 anesthesia. Neuromuscular function was monitored using an electromyographic method (Relaxograph, D...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000539-199503000-00017
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a 40-kDa, endogenous protein that inhibits tissue factor (TF)-initiated coagulation by bonding with activated factor X (FXa). The TFPI/FXa complex then subsequently binds with TF/activated factor VII (FVIIa) complex, ultimately inhibiting thrombin generation. Heparin...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000237285.40106.1e
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous perfluorocarbon (PFC) emulsions have been associated with transient adverse events (i.e., platelet activation, decreased platelet count, febrile responses, changes in hemodynamic function). The Phase I studies described in this report were parallel, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled studies condu...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000539-200010000-00008
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:We tested baicalin for its antiinflammatory and analgesic effects (and the mechanisms) in a rat model of carrageenan-evoked thermal hyperalgesia. Pre- or posttreatment with baicalin (10, 30, or 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally) caused a significant analgesic effect with a similar effect of dose-matched ibuprofen....
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000087066.71572.3f
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) is associated with improved outcomes after surgery. The esophageal Doppler monitor (EDM) is widely used, but has several limitations. The NICOM, a completely noninvasive cardiac output monitor (Cheetah Medical), may be appropriate for guiding GDFT. No prospective studies ha...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000000182
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to offering further data on the exposure of surgical and recovery-room personnel to low levels of halothane in room air, the authors demonstrate the presence of halothane levels in the blood of some surgical patients managed by other inhalation agents from machines previously used for halothane. The author...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-197507000-00010
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noma (cancrum oris) is a disease of poverty and malnutrition, which predominantly affects children younger than 10 years in developing countries. Although the majority of sufferers die of sepsis at the time of the initial infection, or of subsequent starvation due to severe trismus and an inability to eat, a small min...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182908e6f
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted this prospective, randomized study to compare the analgesic effect of femoral nerve block and IV fentanyl administration when given to facilitate the sitting position for spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing surgery for femoral shaft fracture. Five minutes before the placement of spinal block, group F...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/01.ANE.0000134812.00471.44
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficiency of a gravity-dependent autotransfusion system (ATS) for filtering tumor cells from blood was examined under laboratory and clinical conditions. In laboratory studies, reconstituted whole blood was seeded with known numbers of cultured A431 human vulva carcinoma cells then filtered through the ATS. Cance...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199406000-00017
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method involving sodium fusion and analysis by fluoride electrode, which has been used for the determination of total fluorinated metabolites of fluorine-containing drugs in physiologic fluids, is shown to be inapplicable to volatile fluorinated metabolites of volatile fluorinated anesthetic agents. The yields of in...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Statins have been shown to possess antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. In this study, we sought to determine if preoperative statin therapy is associated with a reduced frequency of postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in surgical populations at increased risk of developing ARD...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000000387
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the evolution of satisfactory neohepatic graft function or failure, hemodynamic variables, along with data for oxygen delivery and utilization, were analyzed retrospectively in 99 patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. Caval cross-clamping without venovenous bypass initiated a series of hemody...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199303000-00022
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous in vivo studies of the coronary vascular effects of halothane (HAL) were complicated by varying hemodynamic conditions and global cardiac work demands. Accordingly, the current study evaluated changes in coronary blood flow (CBF) and associated variables during selective intracoronary administrations of HAL i...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-199502000-00010
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sedatives and analgesics, in doses that alter consciousness in the intensive care unit (ICU), contribute to delirium and mortality. Pain, agitation, and delirium can be monitored in ICU patients. These symptoms were noted before (PRE) and after (POST) a protocol to alleviate undesirable symptoms. Analgesia a...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181d7e1b8
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Pain on injection of propofol continues to be a problem for anesthesiologists. A lipid-free formulation of propofol and a propofol emulsion containing medium-chain triglyceride have become available in the Indian market. We performed this study to assess the pain on injection of propofol emulsion containing ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000166951.72702.05
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Millions of human fetuses, infants, and children are exposed to anesthetic drugs every year in the United States and throughout the world. Anesthesia administered during critical stages of neurodevelopment has been considered safe and without adverse long-term consequences. However, recent reports provide mounting evi...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181c6b9ca
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Many drugs are tested intrathecally to investigate alternatives to opioids. We aimed to explore the analgesic and possible neurotoxic effects of chronic intrathecally-administered ketorolac tromethamine in rats. Catheters were placed via atlantoaxial interval in 28 Wistar rats under anesthesia of intraperito...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000093226.75543.90
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rapid establishment of a patent airway in ill or injured patients is a priority for prehospital rescue personnel. Out-of-hospital tracheal intubation can be challenging. Unrecognized esophageal intubation is a clinical disaster. METHODS:We performed an observational, prospective study of consecutive patient...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000253523.80050.e9
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We evaluated in which anatomic layer (above the fascia [AF] or below the fascia [BF]) wound infusion of bupivacaine has the best effect on postoperative pain after abdominal hysterectomy. METHODS:Sixty-two ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-o...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e318187ed23
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we attempted to define the minimal dosage of alfentanil (AF) needed in combination with nitrous oxide to provide satisfactory anesthetic conditions for lower abdominal gynecologic surgery. General anesthesia was induced in 12 women with AF (150 micrograms X kg-1) and 66% N2O in O2. An infusion of AF was ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the pharmacokinetics of thiopental enantiomers in 14 healthy patients aged 37-73 yr receiving racemic thiopental by intravenous (IV) bolus or IV infusion. Plasma concentration of each enantiomer was measured by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography. After IV bolus, the total plasma clearance (CL) (2...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-199609000-00020
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:We tested the hypothesis that, under relatively low tidal volume (VT) mechanical ventilation, continuing lung decruitment induced by negative end-expiratory pressure (NEEP) would increase the lung cytokine response, potentially contributing to lung injury. Mouse lungs were excised and randomly assigned to on...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-200206000-00038
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fatal/anesthetic ratio (FAR) in 44 swine weighing 32.6 +/- 0.7 kg (SEM) was determined. Fatal anesthetic concentration (the numerator for FAR) was defined as the end-tidal concentration at which the pig lived at least 10 min, during experiments that involved step increments in anesthetic concentrations. Previously...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of enflurane on responses of isolated canine mesenteric arteries and veins to transmural nerve stimulation and to exogenously administered norepinephrine (a mixed alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist), phenylephrine (a selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist), and tyramine were studied. The contractile...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199005000-00011
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) differs from myocardial infarction in being defined by troponin elevation apparently from cardiac ischemia with or without signs and symptoms. Such myocardial injury is common, silent, and strongly associated with mortality. MINS is usually asymptomatic and only detect...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000004567
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared in a prospective, randomized, double-blinded study the analgesic efficacy of three drugs in 120 ASA I and II patients scheduled to undergo ambulatory hand surgery with IV regional anesthesia. At discharge, oral analgesic tablets were prescribed as follows: tramadol 100 mg every 6 h, metamizol 1 g every 6 h...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000539-200102000-00013
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:We investigated the physiological reaction to mobilization the first and second day after aortic valve replacement in an open, prospective study. Hemodynamic and oxygenation variables were recorded in 15 patients using a pulmonary artery oximetry catheter and bench oximetry. Serious intraoperative events occ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000096194.10459.7e
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of different intubating doses of atracurium on the time of onset, and the effect of an additional dose of thiopental on intubating conditions, were studied in 72 patients divided into six groups (n = 12 in each). Stratified sampling was used to obtain an even sex distribution. Groups I, III, and V (control...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00