Abstract：
:The adult respiratory distress syndrome is a reaction of the lung to a variety of severe direct or indirect pulmonary insults. It is characterized by acute respiratory distress, severe hypoxemia requiring high oxygen fractions, and "stiff lungs" requiring approaches to ventilatory management cited elsewhere in this issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine. Increased shunt fraction and dead space ventilation and airless lungs with debris and hyaline membranes are hallmarks of the syndrome, even though the final common pathway, i.e., the mechanism, is not known. The characterization of ARDS creates an important pathological concept for which there is an organized approach to physiologically oriented management. Details of management are cited elsewhere in this issue.
journal_name
Clin Chest Medjournal_title
Clinics in chest medicineauthors
Petty TLsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-01-01 00:00:00pages
3-7issue
1eissn
0272-5231issn
1557-8216journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Cough is a complex physiologic event that protects the lungs from mechanical, chemical, and thermal injury. It is a normal reflex and therefore helps humans to adapt to an ever-changing environment. Cough can also be a pathologic reflex in that it may be an important and often the only sign of serious disease, may sig...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A variety of mechanical devices may be used to provide assistance when ventilation and cough are severely impaired by progressive respiratory weakness caused by neuromuscular disease. Traditionally, positive pressure ventilation via a tracheostomy has been used, but if upper airway function is adequate, a variety of n...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The modern history of cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of continuous improvement. Guidelines and evidence-based medicine provide a general roadmap for directing improvement efforts. Data and measurement are central to quality improvement (QI), a way of keeping score and staying on track. This article describes the history ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2007.02.013
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spectrum of HIV-associated pulmonary diseases is broad. Opportunistic infections, neoplasms, and noninfectious complications are all major considerations. Clinicians caring for persons infected with HIV must have a systematic approach. The approach begins with a thorough history and physical examination and often ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2013.02.005
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polymerase chain reaction-based diagnosis has become the standard for viral pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections. Expansion of respiratory viral panels (RVPs) outside of influenza and, possibly, respiratory syncytial virus has led to the ability to diagnose viral infections for which no approved specific a...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2016.11.003
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ICU-acquired weakness is a common problem and carries significant morbidity. Despite evidence that early mobility can mitigate this, implementation outside of the research setting is lagging. Understanding barriers at the systems as well as individual level is a crucial step in successful implementation of an ICU mobi...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2015.05.006
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Available targeted therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension are capable only of slowing progression of the disease and a cure remains elusive. However with the improved understanding of the pulmonary vascular remodeling that characterizes the disease, there is optimism that the disconnect between preclinical and ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2013.08.002
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pleural effusions are a common clinical problem, yet the mechanisms of pleural fluid formation have only recently been investigated. In this article, the anatomy and physiology of the normal pleural space is discussed, as well as the pathophysiology of pleural effusion formation. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe asthma remains poorly understood and frustrating to treat, partly because it is a heterogeneous disease. Recent improvements in the definition of severe asthma have allowed better characterization of the phenotypes of severe asthma and the related physiologic and pathologic abnormalities. Early-onset severe ast...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2005.10.002
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing consists of a spectrum ranging from the upper airway resistance syndrome to complete apnea. Although this disorder is relatively common, it is still under-recognized, resulting in a significant increase in morbidity and mortality. In this article, we describe the rationale for tr...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70434-2
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bullectomy for giant bullae, lung volume reduction surgery, and lung transplantation are three surgical therapies that may benefit highly selected patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this article, each procedure is reviewed, with an emphasis on guidelines for patient selection and clinical...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2007.05.004
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (Dlco) remains the only noninvasive pulmonary function test to provide an integrated picture of gas exchange efficiency in human lungs. Due to its critical dependence on the accessible "alveolar" volume (Va), there remains substantial misunderstanding on the interpretation o...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2019.02.005
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains controversial. The benefits of conventional treatment with corticosteroids plus either azathioprine or cyclophosphamide have not been established in randomized, controlled trials. Other treatment strategies have been suggested as understanding of the pathoge...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2005.08.004
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several medications have been associated with the development of the BOOP lesion. Often, symptoms include nonproductive cough and shortness of breath with bilateral crackles by examination. Occasionally, there is fever and rash, and, rarely, eosinophilia. The chest radiograph usually shows bilateral patchy infiltrates...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0272-5231(03)00140-0
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objectives of this article are to (1) understand how respiratory event definitions and syndrome threshold values affect prevalence estimates of obstructive sleep apnea in adults, (2) recognize important risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea in adults, and (3) understand current theories of the underlying mechan...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2010.02.011
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of different imaging modalities can be used in the assessment of pleural disease. Although ultrasound has been the more traditional method, CT has found increasing utility for the assessment of the empyema and loculated pleural fluid collections prior to drainage and the evaluation of benign and malignant ple...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70076-9
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most gravidas with asthma can be managed with an inhaled beta-adrenergic agonist (terbutaline or epinephrine) and beclomethasone dipropionate. The administration of prednisone to control exacerbation of asthma is appropriate and should not be withheld if current medications are inadequate. The outcome of pregnancy in ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article assesses the role of pharmacotherapy in the management of respiratory muscle dysfunction. It focuses on two classes of drugs, the methylxanthines and the sympathomimetic agents. A prospective section focuses also on the particularities of the diaphragm among the skeletal striated muscles. In addition, a n...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article focuses primarily on the recent literature on abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and the definitions and recommendations published by the World Society for the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome. The definitions regarding increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) are listed and are followed by an overview of...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2008.09.003
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HIV-AIDS has disproportionately affected minority populations in the United States. Significant disparities in case rates and mortality have been noted. This article reviews the magnitude of the problem and the many factors involved in the development and perpetuation of these disparities. Possible measures to help co...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2006.04.010
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stents are used for palliation of symptoms of central airway obstruction caused by either malignant or benign conditions. Stents may be applied for maintaining airway patency after dilatation of postinflammatory and infectious strictures, for airway dehiscence after lung transplantation, and for the management of trac...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2009.08.002
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because there is insufficient cellular energy for organisms to perform their functions at the same constant rate and at the same time, all biologic processes show rhythmicity, each with its own unique frequency, amplitude, and phase. Optimal sleep and wakefulness requires proper timing and alignment of desired sleep-w...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2010.02.009
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Illicit drug users comprise a substantial and growing proportion of the HIV-infected population. Although they develop pulmonary complications common to all HIV transmission groups, they also have unique respiratory illnesses due to the direct effect of the illicit drugs on the lung. Bacterial infections, tuberculosis...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70348-8
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sleep-related breathing disorders are strongly associated with increased risk of stroke independent of known risk factors. The direction of causation favors sleep-disordered breathing leading to stroke rather than the other way around, although definitive proof of this awaits the results of prospective cohort studies....
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(03)00027-3
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary complications occur in 40% to 60% of recipients of bone marrow trans-plants, account for more than 90% of mortality, and develop during identifiable phases. Phase 1 (Days 1-30) includes pulmonary edema; diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; and various bacterial, fungal, and viral infections; Phase 2 (Days 31-100) us...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0272-5231(03)00121-7
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite complete resection of what seems to be all evident tumor, one third to three quarters of patients with stages I and II NSCLC ultimately succumb to this neoplasm. Patients who are cured of an original NSCLC or small cell cancer remain at risk for a new primary lung cancer. Although the importance of lifelong su...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(03)00067-4
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leptospirosis is a worldwide disease. In this time of globalization knowledge about leptospirosis is important. Although pulmonary involvement has an incidence varying from 20% to 70% and its exteriorization may vary from mild to severe, The severe form appears to be becoming more prevalent (at least in Brazil) and ma...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(01)00010-7
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The host response to microbial invasion in the lung must be sufficiently vigorous to allow for microbial eradication but appropriately controlled to prevent spillover of the response into the systemic circulation. Although inflammatory responses in pneumonia are generally compartmentalized, microbial and host factors ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2004.10.009
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathogenic importance of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in AIDS-associated pneumonitis is controversial. Uncertainty regarding the significance of CMV isolation from pulmonary secretions of AIDS patients results in part from the difficulty in distinguishing CMV infection from CMV disease and from the high frequen...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The specialty has the knowledge and technology to change the outcome of lung cancer. Lung cancer, diagnosed in early stages, is as curable as all other cancers. Sputum cytology is the initial step in diagnosing roentgenographically occult lung cancer. Sputum cytology is complementary to CT scanning. Sputum cytology id...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(03)00060-1
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
