Abstract：
:The assumptions upon which a correct interpretation of the t-test depends are rarely fulfilled by data from the neurosciences. This applies to both independent and correlated samples. The Mann-Whitney U-test is suggested as an alternative for the t-test for independent samples. The way in which significant results from this test should be interpreted is discussed. The Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test is not suggested as an alternative for the t-test for correlated samples, since significant results can occur with this test, even when there are no differences between the distributions of the two samples tested. A modification of the U-test for dependent samples is proposed instead. The use of the latter test, and of the U-test, is illustrated by numerical examples from real data.
journal_name
J Neurosci Methodsjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience methodsauthors
Krauth Jdoi
10.1016/0165-0270(83)90058-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-12-01 00:00:00pages
269-81issue
4eissn
0165-0270issn
1872-678Xpii
0165-0270(83)90058-4journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The Porsolt forced swim test (FST) is one of the most widely used behavioral tests in the evaluation of the antidepressant effects of drugs. It is based on the fact that these drugs reduce the depression-related behaviors of learned helplessness. The model has been modified for use in mice. In contrast to rats, mice a...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.04.010
更新日期：2005-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Testing electrophysiological recording equipments is an important task in multi-channel extracellular in vivo electrophysiology. In this paper, a miniature, battery powered multi-channel electrophysiological signal-generator (ESG) is described that was designed for this purpose. The device is based on a Xilinx CPLD (C...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.05.017
更新日期：2007-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a stroke subtype with the highest mortality rate. Hematoma expansion and re-bleeding post-ICH are common and exacerbate the initial cerebral insult. There is a need for continuous monitoring of the neurologic status of patients with an ICH injury. NEW METHOD:A prototype dev...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.05.025
更新日期：2014-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this work is to define neurotoxins doses to have efficient and specific depletion of noradrenaline (NA), serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission in cortex, striatum, hippocampus and hypothalamus of Swiss mice after intraperitoneal administration of, respectively, N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine hydr...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.06.008
更新日期：2006-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The EPC-9 patch-clamp amplifier is a digitally controlled analog device for recording currents in membrane patches and in small cells. It has neither front-panel controls nor internal trim adjustments; instead all gain, range-changing, transient cancellation, calibration and other functions are computer controlled. No...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The input signals of electroencephalography (EEG) based brain computer interfaces (BCI) are extensively acquired from scalp with a multi-channel system. However, multi-channel signals might contain redundant information and increase computational complexity. Furthermore, using only effective channels, rather...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.12.004
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method for the destruction of a sub-population of neocortical pyramidal neurones is described. The technique uses unilateral striatal injections of volkensin, a toxic lectin from Adenia volkensii, which undergoes retrograde axonal transport from the site of injection to destroy subcortically projecting pyramidal cel...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(91)90113-e
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:NeuroMaps (2010) is a Web-based application that enables investigators to map data from macaque studies to a canonical atlas of the macaque brain. It currently serves as an image processor enabling them to create figures suitable for publication, presentation and archival purposes. Eventually it will enable investigat...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.11.028
更新日期：2011-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Chimera construction between different proteins is a useful method for investigating protein structure and function relationships. However, this technique, by its traditional application, has been daunting because of its complex procedure and low success rate. Here we describe a protocol for constructing chimeras betw...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.08.033
更新日期：2010-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) based on BOLD signal has been used to indirectly measure the local neural activity induced by cognitive tasks or stimulation. Most fMRI data analysis is carried out using the general linear model (GLM), a statistical approach which predicts the changes in the observed BOLD ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.09.005
更新日期：2011-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to understand the pathophysiology of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and thus to develop new pharmacological treatments, in vivo animal models that present features similar to those seen in TLE patients have been developed during the last four decades. Some of these models are based on the systemic administrati...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.03.009
更新日期：2016-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) enables non-invasive examination of both the structure and the function of the human brain. The prevalence of high spatial-resolution (sub-millimeter) fMRI has triggered new research on the intra-cortex, such as cortical columns and cortical layers. At present, ec...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108625
更新日期：2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We present an efficient algorithm for solving the one-dimensional cable equation in the Laplace (frequency) domain for an arbitrary linear membrane. This method, a reformulation and extension of the geometrical calculus developed by Butz and Cowan (1974), solves for the transfer impedance between any two points in a b...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(85)90015-9
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have characterized a method of labeling of axons in the post-mortem spinal cord using a silastic disc holding pins coated with DiI and DiO at the rostral and caudal ends of the cord. We optimized the DiI and DiO tracing techniques under different conditions of fixative concentration (1% versus 4% paraformaldehyde, ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.12.025
更新日期：2006-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Sources of stereotaxic variability in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) were examined by X-ray techniques. Accuracy in the vertical dimension can be improved significantly by measuring from the top of the brain rather than from the Frankfurt plane established by external bony landmarks. Even greater accuracy ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(85)90029-9
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain dialysis has become an important tool for investigating changes in the extracellular levels of neurotransmitters. This paper reviews the experimental variables and criteria that should be considered when interpreting data obtained with the brain dialysis method. Brain dialysis can provide important direct inform...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(90)90039-i
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report describes technical adaptations of a traumatic brain injury (TBI) model-largely inspired by Marmarou-in order to monitor microdialysis data and PtiO2 (brain tissue oxygen) before, during and after injury. We particularly focalize on our model requirements which allows us to re-create some drastic pathologi...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.04.037
更新日期：2004-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:An isoelectric focusing (IEF) technique using direct peroxidase or peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) overlay staining for detection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oligoclonal IgG is described. The method involves chemical fixation of all proteins in the gel followed by application of peroxidase coupled antiserum as a spec...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(80)90035-7
更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many types of mazes have been used in cognitive brain research and data obtained from those experiments, especially those from rodents' studies, support the idea that the hippocampus is related to spatial learning and memory. But the results from non-human primates researches regarding the role of the hippocampus in s...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.12.017
更新日期：2008-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Staining the brain for cytochrome oxidase (CO) produces patterns which can resemble the patterns produced by 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) autoradiography. In order to assess the differences between CO patterns of long-term metabolic activity and 2-DG patterns of short-term activity, comparisons should, ideally, be made on th...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(87)90016-1
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of high-resolution retinal prostheses fabricated from silicon wafers presents an interesting problem: how to electrically bridge the space between the flat silicon wafer and the curved retinal surface. One potential "bridge" is a microwire glass electrode. In this paper we present our results in evalua...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.02.035
更新日期：2004-08-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult rat spinal cords were perfused intracardially with aldehyde fixatives containing either sodium cacodylate or sodium phosphate buffer for EM studies. The perfusion flow rate of 24 cc/min for the first 3 min and 33 cc/min for completion of prefixation was found to be optimal. Ultrastructural examination of the L-1...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(82)90047-4
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A flow rate monitor system for constant perfusion of media for maintaining physiological preparations, particularly in vitro brain slices, is described. The system consists of 3 components: the counter with a drip rate meter and alarm; a drop sensor; and a remote DC power supply. It provides accurate and immediate rea...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(88)90024-6
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite extensive environmental standardization and the use of genetically and microbiologically defined mice of similar age and sex, individuals of the same mouse inbred strain commonly differ in quantitative traits. This is a major issue as it affects the quality of experimental results. Standard analysis ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108810
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mouse is an extremely valuable model for studying vagal development in relation to strain differences, genetic variation, gene manipulations or pharmacological manipulations. Therefore, a method using 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) was developed for labeling vagal innervat...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.03.001
更新日期：2007-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Whole-cell patch-clamp recording in vivo is the gold-standard method for measuring subthreshold electrophysiology from single cells during behavioural tasks, sensory stimulations, and optogenetic manipulation. However, these recordings require a tight, gigaohm resistance, seal between a glass pipette electro...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.109008
更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple and low-cost device is described which facilitates the calibration of intracellular DC recordings in amplitude and time. A current source, optically coupled to a conventional stimulator, injects a pulse of current, across a 1-omega resistor connecting the preparation to ground. Amplitude and duration of the c...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(84)90008-6
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although the relationship between neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely studied in motor mapping, it is unknown how the motor response type or the choice of motor task affect this relationship. NEW METHOD:Centers of gravity (...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.09.002
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Binding assays for the norepinephrine (NE) transporter (NET) with [3H]nisoxetine have generally yielded weak potencies for compounds related to cocaine and 1-(2-(di(4-fluorophenyl)-methoxy)-ethyl)-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine (GBR 12909), as compared with their functional activity in inhibiting NE uptake. In the prese...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.09.015
更新日期：2005-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of the microwave antigen-retrieval method were investigated for five antibodies commonly used in neurosciences, i.e., Parvalbumin, Calbindin D28-K, MAP-2, MAP-5 and SMI-32. Immunocytochemical stainings were performed on free-floating vibratome sections of tissue which had been stored in fixative for as lon...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-0270(94)90208-9
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
