Abstract：
:Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are useful in the evaluation of both new and well-established hospital infection control practices for which the benefit is unproven and not obvious. RCTs are often undertaken to resolve controversies, and many of them have a "negative" or inconclusive outcome. Well-designed RCTs with a negative outcome have the potential for reducing health care costs by identifying widely used preventive measures that are not cost effective. ICPs should appreciate that RCTs have important limitations, may contain serious flaws in design, and are subject to exploitation by pharmaceutical and equipment manufacturers. Knowledge of the principles of RCTs can lead to improved scientific standards for all research--nonrandomized as well as randomized--in hospital epidemiology.
journal_name
Am J Infect Controljournal_title
American journal of infection controlauthors
Burke JPdoi
10.1016/0196-6553(83)90076-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-10-01 00:00:00pages
165-73issue
5eissn
0196-6553issn
1527-3296pii
0196-6553(83)90076-7journal_volume
11pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,评审abstract：:In an investigation of microbial contamination of enteral feeding solutions, all 22 residual solutions obtained immediately after administration were contaminated at concentrations of 10(3) to 10(6) viable counts/ml. Major contaminants were glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-6553(93)90205-i
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Nursing engagement in antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs) remains suboptimal. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nursing staff members regarding ASPs and identify barriers to their participation in such programs. METHODS:This cross-sectional study was co...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2018.09.008
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Following a period (2009-2012) during which zero measles cases were reported, a measles outbreak occurred in 2013 in Bama County, Guangxi, China, that involved more than 100 children younger than age 8 months. We aimed to identify the pitfalls and risk factors while implementing the control measures. METHOD...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.11.005
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is one of the most important health care-associated infections in the critical care setting. METHODS:A quasiexperimental study involving multiple interventions to reduce the incidence of CLABSI was conducted in a medical-surgical intensive care unit (IC...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2009.11.012
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Antibiotic resistance is a challenge in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). The objective of this study was to demonstrate that a novel, minimally invasive program not interfering with activities of daily living or socialization could lower methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) disease. METHODS:...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.04.251
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent the spread of health care-associated infections, but many facilities may not have the resources or expertise to develop their own hand hygiene promotion campaign. This observational study demonstrated that a campaign developed for 1 facility could successfully contribu...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.02.020
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Stethoscopes are contaminated with bacteria, but predictors of stethoscope disinfection frequency are unknown. We sought to describe health care provider stethoscope disinfection attitudes and practices and determine predictors of frequent disinfection. METHODS:We used an anonymous online survey of nurses, ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2011.11.021
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) and povidone iodine (PI) are rarely used concurrently despite a lack of evidence regarding functional incompatibility of these agents. METHODS:CHG and PI, alone and combined, were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin-susceptible S aureus [MSSA] and methicillin-r...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2010.06.022
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Healthcare associated infections are associated with indwelling devices. Yet, data regarding prevalence of indwelling devices in noncritically ill hospitalized patients remains scant. METHODS:Adult, noncritically ill patients on general care, telemetry, and surgical floors at our quaternary care hospital we...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2020.06.205
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A collaborative effort reduced catheter-associated urinary tract infections in the neuro-spine intensive care unit where the majority of infections occurred at our institution. Our stepwise approach included retrospective data review, daily rounding with clinicians, developing and implementing an action plan, conducti...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.04.184
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A penicillin allergy label has been associated with significantly higher rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) colonization, and correspondingly poorer clinical outcomes. However, there are limited data examining the association between any an...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2019.09.021
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study described and analyzed the age, gender, infection sources, and timing characteristics of the 416 confirmed cases in two cities near the center of China's COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS:This study used publicly available data to examine gender, age, source of infection, date returned from Hubei, date ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2020.06.191
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Because blood culture is a common test at our institution, we hoped to save money and reduce the risk of needlestick injury by modifying our current technique for the preparation of culture specimens without increasing the risk of contamination. METHODS: OBJECTIVE:To compare the contamination rates of bloo...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-6553(05)80176-2
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Rifampin has been used for the eradication of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) colonization in various populations of healthy and sick people. METHODS:We performed a systematic review of the evidence from randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials that compared the effectiveness and safety of a rifampi...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2006.09.005
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe influenza immunization coverage trends from the New York State (NYS) Department of Health long-term care facility (LTCF) reports. Overall median immunization coverage levels for NYS LTCF residents and employees were 84.0% (range: 81.6%-86.0%) and 37.7% (range: 32.7%-50.0%), respectively. LTCF resident immu...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2012.09.025
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Nosocomial infection (NI) is a cause of patient morbidity and mortality. Conducting an audit of deaths due to NI is a potentially useful approach to improving professional standards. In France, these deaths are required to be reported, but the reporting is left to clinicians, who often do not comply. The aim...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2010.04.216
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sample-size determination is a crucial component of study design. Estimates of sample size are influenced by the amount of change that must occur between study groups and the degree of risk that the investigator is willing to accept in evaluating the null hypothesis. A complete understanding of the impact of sample si...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-6553(93)90007-q
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:At present, the shortest recommended application time of alcoholic handrubs is an application interval of 30 seconds. However, application times shorter than 30 seconds are regularly practiced. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether a 15-second application time achieves a comparable wetta...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2018.02.015
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Exposure to blood and bodily fluids represents a significant occupational risk for nurses. The most effective means of preventing bloodborne pathogen transmission is through adherence to Standard Precautions (SP). Despite published guidelines on infection control and negative health consequences of noncompli...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.10.001
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) MegaSurvey, administered in 2015, was completed by approximately 4,079 APIC members. The survey sought to gain a better understanding the current state of 4 components of infection prevention practice: demographic characteristics,...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2017.03.021
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of the study was to describe the profile of patients and the characteristics of all bacteremias caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains in a teaching hospital and to assess the mortality related to these events. METHODS:A monocentric retrospective observational cohort study was conduct...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.05.004
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Surgical site infections increase the morbidity, mortality, and costs associated with surgical care. An estimated 96.2 million surgical procedures are performed in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) each year. This pilot study assessed the steam sterilization aspect of the surgical instrument reprocess...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2015.06.025
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although hand hygiene (HH) is key to reducing health care-associated infections, it is well documented that health care worker (HCW) adherence to appropriate HH protocols is relatively low. METHODS:This was a collaborative quality improvement project with multiple interventions conducted in a 570-bed academ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2014.07.003
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Evaluate the presence of bacteria and resistance profile in stethoscopes used by health care professionals and its consequences within the hospital environment. METHODS:It is a systematic review, in which articles indexed in the BVS, CAPES-Periódicos, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2020.07.007
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Catheter-associated urinary tract infection is the most common health care-associated infection, is considered avoidable, and has cost implications for health services. Prevalence is high in nursing homes, but little research has been undertaken to establish whether implementing clinical guidelines can reduc...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.09.015
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies conducted in the first decade of the AIDS epidemic indicated that, in general, dentists had suboptimal levels of compliance with standard infection control practices, including work practices designed to reduce exposure to bloodborne pathogens. This study was designed to assess current rates of compl...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-6553(98)70058-6
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nasal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) testing at admission to the hospital was found to have a positive likelihood ratio of 8.5 and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.41 for predicting MRSA soft tissue infections. The clinical utility of this test depends on the prevalence of MRSA infection. In high p...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.03.039
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Of the 309 private dental practitioners in Fars, Iran, surveyed most, 77.7% believed they had a professional duty to treat HIV-positive patients, with 61.4% expressing some level of discomfort about treating these patients, and 75.1% believed they should be treated at a specialist practice. Gloves and masks were not a...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2006.03.006
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are common nosocomial infections. In 2015, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services began imposing financial penalties for institutions where CAUTI rates are higher than predicted. However, the surveillance definition for CAUTI is not a clinical dia...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2017.11.032
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We surveyed Ohio acute care hospitals on laboratory testing used for diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Of 146 hospitals surveyed, 109 (84%) used nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) as stand-alone diagnostic assays. Only 53 (42.4%) hospitals using NAATs had a mechanism in place to prevent repeat ...
journal_title：American journal of infection control
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajic.2016.09.007
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
