Abstract：
:In the neostriatum, GABAergic inhibition arises from the action of at least two classes of inhibitory interneurons, and from recurrent collaterals of the principal cells. Interneurons receive excitatory input only from extrinsic sources, and so act in a purely feedforward capacity. Feedback inhibition arises from the recurrent collaterals of the principal cells. These two kinds of inhibition have functionally distinct effects on the principal cells. Inputs from interneurons are not very convergent. There are few inhibitory neurons, and so each principal cell receives inhibitory synaptic input from very few interneurons. But, they are individually powerful, and a single interneuron can substantially delay action potentials in a group of nearby principal cells. Recurrent inhibition is highly convergent, with each principal cell receiving inhibitory input from several hundred other such cells. Feedback inhibitory synaptic inputs individually have very weak effects, as seen from the soma. The differences in synaptic strength are not caused by differences in the release of transmitter or in sensitivity of the postsynaptic membrane. Rather, they arise from differences in the number of synaptic contacts formed on individual principal cells by feedforward or feedback axons, and from differences in synaptic location. Interneurons form their powerful synapses near the somata of principal cells, while most feedback synapses are more distal, where they interact with the two-state nonlinear properties of the principal cells' dendrite. This arrangement suggests that feedforward inhibition may serve in the traditional role for inhibition, adjusting the excitability of the principle neuron near the site of action potential generation. Feedback inhibitory synapses may interact with voltage-sensitive conductances in the dendrite to alter the electrotonic structure of the spiny cell.
journal_name
Prog Brain Resjournal_title
Progress in brain researchauthors
Wilson CJdoi
10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60006-Xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-01 00:00:00pages
91-110eissn
0079-6123issn
1875-7855pii
S0079-6123(06)60006-Xjournal_volume
160pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The use of deep brain stimulation in psychiatric disorders has received great interest owing to the small risk of the operation, the reversible nature of the technique, and the possibility of optimizing treatment postoperatively. Currently, deep brain stimulation in psychiatry is investigated for obsessive-compulsive ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17527-1
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the developing rat spinal cord, formation and differentiation of the central pattern generator for locomotion occur during the prenatal period. Early on, excitatory synaptic transmission mediated by glycine receptors plays a leading role for rhythmogenesis, at a later stage, followed by glutamate-receptor-mediated ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(03)43005-7
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The capacity to sustain high-intensity aerobic exercise is essential for endurance performance. Therefore, it is important to understand what is the factor limiting time to exhaustion (TTE) in healthy and fit adults. In Study 1, maximal voluntary cycling power (MVCP) was measured in 11 volunteers before and immediatel...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53630-3.00009-9
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)60556-7
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The main topic of this overview is an analysis of the concepts of phase and synchrony, as used in neurophysiology, in their various meanings. A number of notions related to the concepts of phase and synchrony, which are incorporated in contemporary neurophysiology, particularly in the domain of neuro-cognitive physiol...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)59001-6
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aromatase is the enzyme that catalyzes the last step of estrogen biosynthesis. It is expressed in many tissues such as the gonads, brain and adipose tissue. The regulation of the level and activity of aromatase determines the levels of estrogens that have endocrine, paracrine and autocrine effects on tissues. Estrogen...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(08)81012-6
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62007-5
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62658-8
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(06)61005-4
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53839-0.00009-0
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63380-4
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/B978-0-444-53817-8.00009-8
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(05)52011-9
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The idea of the dentate gyrus as a gate or filter at the entrance to the hippocampus, blocking or filtering incoming excitation from the entorhinal cortex, has been an intriguing one. Here we review the historical development of the idea, and discuss whether it may be possible to be more specific in defining this gate...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0079-6123(07)63032-5
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Noradrenergic LC neurons appear to be relatively unique in the brain, being unsurpassed in the divergence and ubiquity of their projections through the central nervous system. In this regard, they share certain characteristics with peripheral noradrenaline neurons of the sympathetic nervous system. As such they would ...
journal_title：Progress in brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63797-8
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
