Abstract：
UNLABELLED:Halitosis is an embarrassing symptom with a significant social impact. Halitosis affects millions of people worldwide and many resources are spent annually in products to improve halitus, unsuccessfully. The study of halitosis in a scientific basis is justified once halitosis causes social restriction, decreases life quality and may be an indication of serious diseases. AIM:To elaborate a protocol for halitosis assessment in order to minimize costs, avoid unnecessary tests and provide a guideline for diagnosis. METHODS:The protocol was created based on the literature and on the authors personal experiences, adopting an evidence-based anamnesis. RESULTS:There are many causes of halitosis and most of them are related to the oral cavity; others are related to otolaryngologic and respiratory diseases. Gastrointestinal diseases, liver/renal impairment and other metabolic syndromes are less frequent, but also important causes of halitosis. CONCLUSION:There are important costs involved in halitosis assessment and treatment, including medical appointments, specialist assessment, and complementary tests. Such costs would be minimized by adopting a protocol of evidence-based anamnesis and a flowchart for a rational clinical investigation.
journal_name
Braz J Otorhinolaryngoljournal_title
Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngologyauthors
Coelho Dal Rio AC,Danielli Nicola EM,Franchi Teixeira ARdoi
10.1016/S1808-8694(15)31180-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-11-01 00:00:00pages
835-842issue
6eissn
1808-8694issn
1808-8686pii
S1808-8694(15)31180-0journal_volume
73pub_type
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journal_title：Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngology
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journal_title：Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title：Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngology
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journal_title：Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
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