Vitamin measurements in pooled blood samples.

abstract：:The relation between body mass index expressed as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters cubed (weight (kg)/height (m3)) and plasma total cholesterol was assessed in a sample of 11,389 US schoolchildren, aged 5-18 years, between 1984 and 1989. Among whites and Hispanics, a statistically significant nonlinear ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Resnicow K,Morabia A

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, the authors' objective was to determine whether serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), o,p'-DDT, and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (DDE) are associated with thyroid function during pregnancy. These compounds, as ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Chevrier J,Eskenazi B,Holland N,Bradman A,Barr DB

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The author evaluated the validity of four historically based variables collected on Georgia birth certificates: outcome of preceding pregnancy, history of delivery of a low- (<2,500 g) or high- (>4,000 g) birth-weight infant, and death of the baby resulting from the preceding pregnancy. Data were derived from birth an...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Adams M

更新日期：2001-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A simulation model was used to study the spread of two sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), namely gonorrhea and genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. The model is based on a stochastic pair formation and separation process, which describes the underlying structure of the sexual contact pattern. It is impleme...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kretzschmar M,van Duynhoven YT,Severijnen AJ

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an epidemiologic study of 2982 bladder carcinoma patients and 5782 population controls from 10 geographic areas of the United States, the role of urinary tract infection and inflammation in the etiology of this neoplasm was evaluated. A history of urinary tract infection significantly elevated the risk of bladder c...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kantor AF,Hartge P,Hoover RN,Narayana AS,Sullivan JW,Fraumeni JF Jr

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To test the hypothesis that subtle changes in the resting electrocardiogram can have predictive value for subsequent cardiovascular disease, the authors evaluated serial electrocardiograms from a cohort of initially healthy men and related these to later development of ischemic heart disease. The cohort of 1056 men or...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Harlan WR,Cowie CC,Oberman A,Mitchell RE,MacIntyre NR

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors conducted a matched case-control study to investigate the effects of caffeine intake during pregnancy on birth weight. From January to November 1992, in the first 24 hours after delivery, 1,205 mothers (401 cases and 804 controls) were interviewed and their newborns were examined to assess birth weight and...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Santos IS,Victora CG,Huttly S,Carvalhal JB

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plague (infection by Yersinia pestis) was present in Hawaii for the period 1899-1957 and caused at least 370 fatalities. The first infections came from immigrant commensal rats, probably Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus, on ships from the Orient. Both species were already established in Hawaii and became the widesp...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tomich PQ,Barnes AM,Devick WS,Higa HH,Haas GE

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution and prevalence of spotted fever group rickettsial infection in the ixodid dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus were found to occur at a rate of 19.7% with variation related to geographic and sociooccupational factors. A higher rate of infection was demonstrated in ticks removed from dogs associated with ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tringali G,Intonazzo V,Perna AM,Mansueto S,Vitale G,Walker DH

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study used cross-sectional data for 19,704 white men and 13,895 white women from the Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry (November 1967 to January 1973) to investigate whether weight explains the association between age and blood pressure, and in particular, whether age is associated with bloo...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Pan WH,Nanas S,Dyer A,Liu K,McDonald A,Schoenberger JA,Shekelle RB,Stamler R,Stamler J

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous reports have shown that peptic ulcer mortality follows birth cohorts. To the authors' knowledge, temporal variation in ulcer incidence has not been studied. Therefore, they present incidence data for a defined area of western Norway where 1,312 patients born between 1845 and 1975 were treated for ulcer perfor...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Svanes C,Lie RT,Kvåle G,Svanes K,Søreide O

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relative weights of empirical facts (data) and assumptions (theory) in causal inference vary across disciplines. Typically, disciplines that ask more complex questions tend to better tolerate a greater role of theory and modeling in causal inference. As epidemiologists move toward increasingly complex questions, M...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hernán MA

更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Lower intake of the essential trace element selenium may be a risk factor for prostate cancer and other cancers. In the United States, many racial disparities in cancer incidence, such as the 61% higher incidence of prostate cancer among Blacks relative to Whites, remain unexplained. Using data from a large, nationall...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Vogt TM,Ziegler RG,Patterson BH,Graubard BI

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of indirect standardization in the assessment of the fertility of occupationally exposed workers is briefly reviewed and critiqued. The calculation of expected births in the method of Levine et al. (J Occup Med 1980;22:781-91) is modified to eliminate negative bias. An example is given using data from a 1977 s...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Starr TB,Levine RJ

更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The association between body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) and mortality may be confounded by preexisting illness. A method commonly used to control for this confounding is the exclusion of participants who have certain diseases at baseline and/or those who die during the early years of follow-up. The authors...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Stevens J,Juhaeri,Cai J

更新日期：2001-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In a prospective study of some 20,000 pregnancies in the Child Health and Development Studies in the San Francisco East Bay area, 226 gravidas were tested for pregnancy with estrogen/progestogen preparations. The two control groups were women who were tested for pregnancy by either a serum or urine test. There were no...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Torfs CP,Milkovich L,van den Berg BJ

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measures of socioeconomic status have been shown to be related positively to levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in white men and women and negatively in African American men. However, there is little information regarding the association between educational attainment and HDL fractions or apolipoprot...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Metcalf PA,Sharrett AR,Folsom AR,Duncan BB,Patsch W,Hutchinson RG,Szklo M,Davis CE,Tyroler HA

更新日期：1998-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, the authors present an objective system to evaluate interviewer performance for use in epidemiologic studies. With this quality control system, all study interviews are audio-taped, and a random sample of interviews are coded according to interviewer behaviors, such as whether the interviewer asked the ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Edwards S,Slattery ML,Mori M,Berry TD,Caan BJ,Palmer P,Potter JD

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors evaluated the progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease from the date of seroconversion to the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and death among 362 well-documented seroconverters. The participants were homosexual men in hepatitis B vaccine trials in Amsterda...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hessol NA,Koblin BA,van Griensven GJ,Bacchetti P,Liu JY,Stevens CE,Coutinho RA,Buchbinder SP,Katz MH

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A matched case-control study was conducted of 53 leukemia deaths and of 212 controls within a previously studied cohort of 24,545 on-shore workers employed between January 1, 1952 and August 15, 1977 at the Portsmouth (New Hampshire) Naval Shipyard. The study sought to ascertain a priori whether there was an associati...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Stern FB,Waxweiler RA,Beaumont JJ,Lee ST,Rinsky RA,Zumwalde RD,Halperin WE,Bierbaum PJ,Landrigan PJ,Murray WE Jr

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Systolic and diastolic blood pressures provide information about cardiovascular disease (CVD) but are only extremes of the pressure waveform during the cardiac cycle. We developed summaries of the pressure decay, called PTC1 and PTC2, that are related to arterial compliance and to an existing proprietary summary that ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Brumback LC,Jacobs DR,Duprez DA

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors evaluated the association of complexity of work with data, people, and things with the incidence of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia in the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, while adjusting for work-related physical activity. The Canadian Study of Health and Aging is a 10-year populat...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kröger E,Andel R,Lindsay J,Benounissa Z,Verreault R,Laurin D

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have suggested an increased risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other motor neuron diseases for persons in occupations commonly involving exposure to diesel exhaust (DE). In this study, we investigated the association between occupational exposure to DE and odds of ALS. ALS cases were iden...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Dickerson AS,Hansen J,Gredal O,Weisskopf MG

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this case-control study, the authors analyzed associations of uterine leiomyoma with atherogenic risk factors and potential sources of uterine irritation. The study included 318 case women with uterine leiomyoma that was first confirmed between 1990 and 1993 in the Baltimore, Maryland, area and 394 controls selecte...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Faerstein E,Szklo M,Rosenshein NB

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current hypotheses consonant with the peak in leukemia incidence in early childhood point to an infectious etiology. The authors examined the effect of postnatal exposures predicted to affect early immune functioning, including childhood vaccinations, illness, medication use, and breastfeeding patterns. Children 0-15 ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： MacArthur AC,McBride ML,Spinelli JJ,Tamaro S,Gallagher RP,Theriault GP

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estimates of the numbers and rates of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) hospitalization are central to understanding health-care utilization and efforts to improve patient care. We comprehensively estimated the frequency, rate, and trends of ADHF hospitalization in the United States. Based on Atherosclerosis Ri...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Agarwal SK,Wruck L,Quibrera M,Matsushita K,Loehr LR,Chang PP,Rosamond WD,Wright J,Heiss G,Coresh J

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:George W. Comstock (1915-2007), MD, MPH, DrPH, was lecturer and then professor of epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health from 1956 to 2007 and served as editor-in-chief of the American Journal of Epidemiology from 1979 to 1988. This interview of George W. Comstock took place i...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Morabia A

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Determining an accurate method of obtaining complete morbidity data is a long-standing challenge for epidemiologists. The authors compared the accuracy and completeness of existing California hospital discharge data with self-reports of recent hospitalizations and surgeries from participants in the California Teachers...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Marshall SF,Deapen D,Allen M,Anton-Culver H,Bernstein L,Horn-Ross PL,Peel D,Pinder R,Reynolds P,Ross RK,West D,Ziogas A

更新日期：2003-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Some researchers have recently questioned the validity of associations between birth weight and health in later life. They argue that these associations might be due in part to inappropriate statistical adjustment for variables on the causal pathway (such as current body size), which creates an artifactual statistical...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tu YK,West R,Ellison GT,Gilthorpe MS

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The world's population is aging rapidly. This study reports the burden of cancer in the oldest old (≥85 years) in Finland in 1953-2017 and estimates age-specific cancer rates in the old population (65-99 years) in 1988-2017. The Finnish Cancer Registry provided data on all cancer diagnoses, cancer deaths and other dea...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Tanskanen T,Seppä KJM,Virtanen A,Malila NK,Pitkäniemi JM

更新日期：2020-10-22 00:00:00