Docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids increase neuronal death in response to HuPrP82-146 and Abeta 1-42.

Abstract:

:Dietary supplements containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are frequently taken for their perceived health benefits including a possible reduction in cognitive decline in the elderly. Here we report that pre-treatment with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) significantly reduced the survival of cortical or cerebellar neurons incubated with HuPrP82-146, a peptide derived from the prion protein, or with Abeta 1-42, a peptide found in Alzheimer's disease. Treatment with DHA or EPA reduced the free cholesterol content of neuronal membranes. This did not affect the amount of FITC-HuPrP82-146 ingested by neurons, but increased the kinetics of incorporation. In untreated neurons, FITC-HuPrP82-146 migrated to caveolin-1 containing lipid rafts. The addition of HuPrP82-146 also triggered the migration of cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) into caveolin-1 containing rafts, and increased prostaglandin E2 production. Activation of cPLA2 and prostaglandin E2 production were both increased in neurons pre-treated with DHA. These results are consistent with DHA or EPA altering cell membranes resulting in increased amounts of HuPrP82-146 localising to caveolin-1 containing rafts, increased activation of cPLA2, prostaglandin E2 production, caspase-3 activity and reduced neuronal survival. Such observations raise the possibility that some PUFA supplements may accelerate neuronal loss in the terminal stages of prion or Alzheimer's diseases.

journal_name

Neuropharmacology

journal_title

Neuropharmacology

authors

Bate C,Marshall V,Colombo L,Diomede L,Salmona M,Williams A

doi

10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.02.003

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-05-01 00:00:00

pages

934-43

issue

6

eissn

0028-3908

issn

1873-7064

pii

S0028-3908(08)00041-5

journal_volume

54

pub_type

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